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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

YMD: a microarray database for large-scale gene expression analysis.

The use of microarray technology to perform parallel analysis of the expression pattern of a large number of genes in a single experiment has created a new frontier of medical research. The vast amount of gene expression data generated from multiple microarray experiments requires a robust database system that allows efficient data storage, retrieval, secure access, data dissemination, and integrated data analyses. To address the growing needs of microarray researchers at Yale and their collaborators, we have built the Yale Microarray Database (YMD). YMD is Web-accessible with the following features: (i) a Web program that tracks DNA samples between source plates and arrays, (ii) the capability of finding common genes/clones across different array platforms, (iii) an image file server, (iv) laboratory-based user management and access privileges, (v) project management, (vi) template data entry, (vii) linking gene expression data to annotation databases for functional analysis. YMD is currently being used on a pilot basis by several laboratories for different organisms and array platforms.

Databases, Nucleic Acid↗
PubMed2003

An inexpensive modification of the laboratory computer display changes emergency physicians' work habits and perceptions.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Little is known about how the availability of laboratory data affects emergency physicians' practice habits and satisfaction. We modified our clinical information system to display laboratory test status with continuous updates, similar to an airport arrival display. The objective of this study was to determine whether the laboratory test status display altered emergency physicians' work habits and increased satisfaction compared with the time period before implementation of laboratory test status. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of emergency physicians' actual use of the clinical information system before and after implementation of the laboratory test status display. Emergency physicians were retrospectively surveyed regarding the effect of laboratory test status display on their practice habits and clinical information system use. Survey responses were matched with actual use of the clinical information system. Data were analyzed by using dependent t tests and Pearson correlation coefficients. The study was conducted at a university hospital. RESULTS: Clinical information system use by 46 emergency physicians was analyzed. Twenty-five surveys were returned (71.4% of available emergency physicians). All emergency physicians perceived fewer clinical information system log ons per day after laboratory test status display. The actual average decrease was 19%. Emergency physicians who reported the greatest decrease in log ons per day tended to have the greatest actual decrease (r =-0.36). There was no significant correlation between actual and perceived total time logged on (r =0.08). In regard to effect on emergency physicians' practice habits, 95% reported increased efficiency, 80% reported improved satisfaction with data access, and 65% reported improved communication with patients. CONCLUSION: An inexpensive computer modification, laboratory test status display, significantly increased subjective efficiency, changed work habits, and improved satisfaction regarding data access and patient communication among emergency physicians. Knowledge of the test queue changed emergency physician behavior and improved satisfaction.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2005

Design and implementation of a smart card based healthcare information system.

Smart cards are used in information technologies as portable integrated devices with data storage and data processing capabilities. As in other fields, smart card use in health systems became popular due to their increased capacity and performance. Their efficient use with easy and fast data access facilities leads to implementation particularly widespread in security systems. In this paper, a smart card based healthcare information system is developed. The system uses smart card for personal identification and transfer of health data and provides data communication via a distributed protocol which is particularly developed for this study. Two smart card software modules are implemented that run on patient and healthcare professional smart cards, respectively. In addition to personal information, general health information about the patient is also loaded to patient smart card. Health care providers use their own smart cards to be authenticated on the system and to access data on patient cards. Encryption keys and digital signature keys stored on smart cards of the system are used for secure and authenticated data communication between clients and database servers over distributed object protocol. System is developed on Java platform by using object oriented architecture and design patterns.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1989

Mortality from interpersonal violence in Great Britain.

Data accessed from both death certificates and police reports show that mortality from interpersonal violence is extremely uncommon in Great Britain, particularly in comparison with other countries; in 1985, it accounted for only 0.1 per cent of all deaths and 0.4 per cent of deaths among individuals under 65 years of age. Despite a steady increase in the rate of homicide over the past 20 years, homicide can only be considered to be a minor public health issue in Great Britain. In contrast, data accessed from the British Crime Surveys and from studies conducted both in accident and emergency departments and among individuals hospitalized with head injuries, show that morbidity associated with interpersonal violence may be relatively common in Great Britain. However, until more valid estimates of morbidity can be made, the overall importance of interpersonal violence as a public health issue in Great Britain cannot be assessed with accuracy.

Death Certificates↗
PubMed1994

A perspective on point of care systems.

Point of care technology is finally being accepted in health care organizations. Portable wireless computers and database interoperability are facilitating this acceptance. Using point of care devices, caregivers can access and input patient data whenever, wherever, and however required. This technology will improve patient data access, improve quality, and reduce costs of health care.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2003

Air pollution and case fatality of SARS in the People's Republic of China: an ecologic study.

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has claimed 349 lives with 5,327 probable cases reported in mainland China since November 2002. SARS case fatality has varied across geographical areas, which might be partially explained by air pollution level. METHODS: Publicly accessible data on SARS morbidity and mortality were utilized in the data analysis. Air pollution was evaluated by air pollution index (API) derived from the concentrations of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and ground-level ozone. Ecologic analysis was conducted to explore the association and correlation between air pollution and SARS case fatality via model fitting. Partially ecologic studies were performed to assess the effects of long-term and short-term exposures on the risk of dying from SARS. RESULTS: Ecologic analysis conducted among 5 regions with 100 or more SARS cases showed that case fatality rate increased with the increment of API (case fatality = - 0.063 + 0.001 * API). Partially ecologic study based on short-term exposure demonstrated that SARS patients from regions with moderate APIs had an 84% increased risk of dying from SARS compared to those from regions with low APIs (RR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.41-2.40). Similarly, SARS patients from regions with high APIs were twice as likely to die from SARS compared to those from regions with low APIs. (RR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.31-3.65). Partially ecologic analysis based on long-term exposure to ambient air pollution showed the similar association. CONCLUSION: Our studies demonstrated a positive association between air pollution and SARS case fatality in Chinese population by utilizing publicly accessible data on SARS statistics and air pollution indices. Although ecologic fallacy and uncontrolled confounding effect might have biased the results, the possibility of a detrimental effect of air pollution on the prognosis of SARS patients deserves further investigation.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

Access to data on chemical composition of products used in auto repair and body shops.

Some information on chemical composition of products used in the workplace can be obtained by requesting composition data from product marketers. Workers in auto repair and body shops identified 253 products used in their shops. Full disclosure of composition was obtained for approximately 20% of the 174 products marketed by companies which answered our letters. Composition was partially disclosed for approximately 40% of the products, and about 10% of the product formulations were claimed to be trade secret or confidential. The study reported in this paper was carried out in New York State in 1980, before the effective date of the New York State right-to-know law. The results of this study can be used as a benchmark to judge the effectiveness of worker right-to-know laws and product labeling regulations.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗