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Results for “pathological imaging data”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

[Solid and cystic tumor of pancreas, analysis of 14 pediatric cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of solid and cystic tumor of pancreas (SCTP). METHODS: The clinical data, including clinical manifestations, imaging examination, pathology, and methodology and effect of surgical treatment, of 14 children with SCTP, one boy and 13 girls, aged 9 approximately 14, admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital November 1985 approximately March 2002 were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The symptoms included abdominal pain (64.3%, 9/14), abdominal mass (50%, 7/14), and jaundice (21.4%, 3/14). The levels of alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CA199 were normal. Test of neuron specific enolase (NSE) made in 2 patients (a 10-year girl and a 13-year girl) showed increased levels (267.4 micro g/ml and 124 micro g/ml). Test of estrogen (E(2)) made in these 2 patients showed increased levels (0.3 ng/ml and 42.7 ng/ml) too. Test of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was made in one case and showed an increased level. Ultrasonography and CT scanning showed a round and well-circumscribed mass in the pancreas, 3 approximately 15 cm in diameter and with a little calcification, 7 masses in the head of pancreas, 3 in the body, and 2 in the tail. Local resection was performed on 2 patients and the other 12 underwent radical surgery with total splenectomy (4 cases) or partial splenectomy (1 case). Local infiltration was seen in only one case. One week after the operation the NSE level decreased to normal (9.5 micro g/ml and 8.7 micro g/ml) and the E(2) level decreased by more than 50% (17.5 ng/ml and 20.7 ng/ml) in the 2 patients. Follow-up of one month to 16 years showed that all patients survived without recurrence and metastasis. CONCLUSION: SCTP, a rare tumor with low malignancy or a bordering tumor, is mostly seen in teenage girls. Imaging examination is helpful in diagnosis. Radical surgery is the best choice.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Bacteremic Streptococcus bovis infections at a university hospital, 1992-2001.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The association of Streptococcus bovis biotypes with types of clinical infection and underlying malignancies has rarely been reported in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features and microbiological characteristics of patients with S. bovis bacteremia. METHODS: From January 1992 to December 2001, 62 patients with S. bovis bacteremia were treated at National Taiwan University Hospital. Their demographic characteristics, clinical features, results of imaging studies, pathological findings, and laboratory data were retrospectively analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the agar dilution method and biotypes were determined using the API 20 Strep system. RESULTS: The majority of cases (76%) occurred during the 1996-1997 and 1999-2000 periods. Thirty five patients were male, and the mean age of the 62 patients was 61 years. Underlying diseases included malignancies (40%), cardiac diseases (27%), diabetes mellitus (24%), and liver cirrhosis (21%). Fifty two percent (n = 32) of patients presented with primary bacteremia and 24% (15) with definite or possible infective endocarditis. Thirteen percent (8) presented with hepatobiliary infections (acute cholecystitis and biliary tract infection). Ten patients (16%) had polymicrobial bacteremia. All of the concomitant pathogen(s) were Gram-negative rods, among which Escherichia coli predominated. The mortality rate on day 30 of illness was 21%. High Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score on the day of positive blood culture was associated with high mortality. Among the 19 patients (31%) who underwent colonoscopy, 9 (47%) had colonic lesions (tubular adenomas or carcinomas). Of the 26 patients (41%) who underwent echocardiography, 14 (54%) had vegetation in the valves. Of the 47 S. bovis isolates examined for biotypes, 37 (79%) were biotype II (29 of biotype II/2 and 8 of biotype II/1) and 10 (21%) were biotype I. The majority of isolates causing primary bacteremia (92%), hepatobiliary infections (100%) and primary bacterial peritonitis (100%) were biotype II, while 67% of isolates associated with infective endocarditis were biotype I. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin. CONCLUSIONS: Infective endocarditis should be highly suspected in patients with bacteremia due to S. bovis biotype I. Investigations for intra-abdominal foci other than the colon should be undertaken in patients with bacteremia caused by S. bovis biotype II. Due to the increasing number of S. bovis bacteremia patients at the hospital and unknown origins of about 50% of bacteremia cases, the need for colonoscopy and echocardiography in each case and biotyping of each blood isolate should be emphasized.

APACHE↗

PubMed1996

[Replacement lipomatosis of renal tissue: a peculiar reaction to inflammation].

Replacement lipomatosis is an abnormal fatty proliferation of the renal sinus, hilus, perirenal and, sometimes, periureteral spaces. Our experience with 18 cases of replacement lipomatosis is reported: 6 patients had the massive form, one of them bilateral, 5 patients had associated xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and 7 had an initial focal form. After a thorough review of the literature of the last 30 years, we analyzed the etiopathogenetic bases of this abnormal chronic reaction. The cause of this abnormal fatty proliferation is thought to be related to peculiar individual reactivity; the association of predisposing factors (chronic obstruction and stones) with multiple infections (especially by Coli) does not seem to cause the abnormality. This hypothesis is confirmed by the frequent association of replacement lipomatosis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, where abnormal individual reactivity has been postulated. Replacement lipomatosis may develop even when the classic predisposing factors are not present or, in contrast may not develop even when they are present. The peculiarity of this pseudotumoral form, where the expansile trend of fatty tissue is apparent, is to mimic neoplastic mesenchymal disease. So far, few cases have been reported in the literature-i.e., less than 20 massive cases in the last 30 years. In this study, the clinical presentation and pathologic findings are correlated with imaging data, especially of CT; the diagnostic yield of this method is stressed, in one with the differential diagnosis with the other, neoplastic or not, forms with negative densitometry. The similarities and differences between replacement lipomatosis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, which are distinct conditions, are emphasized, so that a careful study of imaging findings may help make the correct diagnosis.

Humans↗

PubMed1997

[Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas. Clinical and morphological aspects in 30 patients].

AIM: Intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas are rare and characterized by a malignant potential. The aim of this study was to clarify their clinical presentation and the performance of different imaging procedures to determine malignancy and tumor extent. METHODS: Medical records and radiographs of 30 patients with histologically confirmed intraductal papillary-mucinous tumor of the pancreas were reviewed retrospectively. Imaging procedures were compared with pathological data of resected pancreas to evaluate their performances. RESULTS: The most frequent symptom was acute pancreatitis (37%). The onset of symptoms preceded the diagnosis by 2.5 years. Diabetes mellitus and diarrhea were respectively detected in 33 and 23% of the cases. The combination of CT scan, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endosonography allowed correct diagnosis of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumor of the pancreas in 100% of the cases. Tumor extent could be accurately determined considering the location of cystic dilatation of the pancreatic ducts, the presence of intraductal material or parietal irregularity. Actuarial 2-year survival rate was 43% in patients with malignant tumors. Radiological factors predicting malignancy were: vascular invasion, common bile duct dilatation, stricture of the main pancreatic duct and the presence of solid component in the tumor. CONCLUSION: The combination of CT scan, ERCP and endosonography provide accurate diagnosis of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumor of the pancreas as well as assessment of tumor extent and malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1995

Three-dimensional high-frequency ultrasonic parameter imaging of anterior segment pathology.

PURPOSE: High-frequency ultrasound allows high-resolution imaging of anterior segment anatomy and pathology. Acoustic echo data, however, contain information relating to the microanatomic structure of the interrogated tissue which is not evident in B-mode images. The aim of this study is to develop imaging techniques to demonstrate and quantify the distribution of acoustic scattering properties in ocular tissues in three dimensions. METHODS: A tumor of the iris and a hyphema were scanned using a 50-MHz ultrasound probe mounted on a computer-controlled two-axis positioning system. Scan data from sequential parallel planes were used to make three-dimensional reconstructions. Digital signal processing and a mathematical model of acoustic backscatter then were used to represent the effective size and acoustic concentration of scattering elements using a false color representation superimposed on B-mode images. RESULTS: Three-dimensional reconstructions improved appreciation of the size and extent of pathology and allowed computation of tissue volumes. Parameter images demonstrated distinctive differences between diffuse and organized blood and allowed quantification of tumor scattering properties. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional imaging of the anterior segment with high-frequency ultrasound allows construction of perspective images, which adds to the already significant clinical use of individual high-resolution B-mode images. Acoustic backscatter properties determined by tissue microstructure can be computed from echo data and represented in false color in three-dimensional reconstructions.

Anterior Eye Segment↗

PubMed1997

Large adrenal cysts in teenage girls: diagnosis and management.

Large adrenal cysts usually occur in the fifth and sixth decades of a patient's life but are rare in the first two decades. This paper presents the clinical, cross-sectional imaging, surgical, pathological and follow-up data of three teenage girls with large adrenal cysts. Two had vague upper abdominal pain and, in the other, the cyst was found incidentally. The cysts were surgically removed in two patients, while in the third, follow-up imaging has shown no change in the cyst over a 4-year period, suggesting that conservative management is a reasonable option.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Factor analysis of medical image sequences in MR of head and neck tumors.

PURPOSE: To evaluate factor analysis of medical image sequences (FAMIS), a means whereby physiologic contrast enhancement kinetics, called factors, and their spatial distribution, termed factor images, are estimated after acquisition of dynamic MR images. The method is intended to recognize and characterize the different tissue kinetics automatically. METHODS: This method was evaluated in a series of 22 patients with head and neck tumors. Eleven patients presented with a previously untreated lesion. Six were examined for tumor recurrence, previously treated by multiple therapies. Five patients had preoperative chemotherapy and underwent MR before and after chemotherapy. In all cases, MR images were correlated with surgical and pathologic data. MR examinations were performed on a 1.5-T unit with static sequences and dynamic sequences acquired after bolus injection of gadolinium and processed by FAMIS. RESULTS: FAMIS was able to identify three factors representing contrast-enhancement kinetics and their associated factor images. The neoplastic component was associated with the earlier factor image, F1. Fibrosis and chemotherapy and/or radiation-induced changes were associated with the two later factors, F2 and F3. The limits of this method were highly vascularized tissues whose earlier factor was similar to that of neoplastic tissues (mucosae and salivary glands), patient motion, responsible for artifacts in FAMIS, and lesions of less than 5 mm. CONCLUSION: FAMIS of dynamic MR studies was useful for differentiating neoplastic tissue from tissue having undergone changes by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, but it did not improve the ability of MR to characterize neoplastic tissues in previously untreated patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Calcifications of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

OBJECTIVE: Because lobular carcinoma in situ is thought to be an incidental finding at breast pathology, the finding of lobular carcinoma in situ at core biopsy poses a diagnostic dilemma of radiologic-pathologic concordance. The purpose of this article is to describe the radiologic-pathologic correlation of calcifications associated with lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between July 1999 and July 2000, seven excisional biopsies resulted in findings of lobular carcinoma in situ of mammographic calcifications. The radiographic features of the calcifications were characterized by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon, and pathologic features were reviewed. RESULTS: Two forms of lobular carcinoma in situ were associated with calcifications: the classic form with small, uniform cells, and the pleomorphic form with larger cells frequently associated with central necrosis. On mammography, all calcifications were clustered, punctate, high density, and smaller than or equal to 0.5 mm, although mammographically visible calcifications found in the pleomorphic type tended to be larger and more dense. Additionally, infiltrating lobular carcinoma was found after surgical excision in two (40%) of five patients with pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSION: Calcifications can be associated with lobular carcinoma in situ and therefore concordant at stereotactic core biopsy. The classic form may be incidental and clinically innocuous. The pleomorphic form is morphologically similar to ductal carcinoma in situ and may have a greater tendency for invasion.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Analyzing the eye movement of dentists during their reading of CT images.

In order to evaluate the eye movements of dentists when they were interpreting radiographs, ten normal computed tomography (CT) images and ten images with pathologic lesions were shown to eight dentists, and the pattern of their eye movement was qualitatively analyzed. Six fixation point parameters were calculated, including the time required to discriminate between normal and pathologic images (X(1)), the total fixation point count (X(2)), the total travel distance between fixation points (X(3)), the average time spent on each fixation point (X(4)), the total gaze fixation time (X(5)), and the maximum gaze fixation time spent on each image (X(6)). When the subjects were interpreting pathologic images, X(2) and X(4) were shorter; however, when they were viewing normal images, time was spent on observing multiple fixation points before the completion of the interpretive process. While pathologic images were recognized through top-down processing, there was a tendency for normal images to be recognized through bottom-up processing. The results of discriminant analysis, using a linear discriminant function, indicated that the independent variables X(2) and X(4) and the dependent variable X(5) were the only variables that contributed significantly to differentiating between normal and pathologic images. The linear discriminant function was Z = 9.0 x 10(-2) x X(2) + 3.0 x X(4) - 2.1 (discriminant score: Z < 0, pathologic image; Z > or = 0, normal image). When the mean value of each individual's gaze fixation data was substituted into the discriminant formula, the hit rate for normal and pathologic images was discriminated at 94% (15 of 16).

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

CT imaging of wet specimens from a pathology museum: How to build a "virtual museum" for radiopathological correlation teaching.

X-rays and CT have been used to examine specimens such as human remains, mummies and formalin-fixed specimens. However, CT has not been used to study formalin-fixed wet specimens within their containers. The purpose of our study is firstly to demonstrate the role of CT as a non-destructive imaging method for the study of wet pathological specimens and secondly to use the CT data as a method for teaching pathological and radiological correlation. CT scanning of 31 musculoskeletal specimens from a pathology museum was carried out. Images were reconstructed using both soft-tissue and bone algorithms. Further processing of the data produced coronal and sagittal reformats of each specimen. The container and storage solution were manually removed using Volume Viewer Voxtool software to produce a 3D reconstruction of each specimen. Photographs of each specimen (container and close-up) were displayed alongside selected coronal, sagittal, 3D reconstructions and cine sequences in a specially designed computer program. CT is a non-destructive imaging modality for building didactic materials from wet specimens in a Pathology Museum, for teaching radiological and pathological correlation.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1999

[A case of pituitary apoplexy approving as severe headache and nausea].

The causes of pituitary apoplexy are unclear. We report a case of pituitary apoplexy presenting with headache and nausea. On June 17th, 1997 a 74-year-old woman had complained of retro-orbital headache, fever and vomiting. A cold was diagnosed for which she recurred medication. In addition to the previous symptoms she was getting to lose appetite. She was admitted to our hospital for further examination and treatment on June 21. On admission neurological examination showed left pupil mydriasis, the left eye had no light reflex and the right eye had only a slight response to the light. She could hardly move both eyeballs up. Laboratory data showed a normal white blood cell count and the CRP was 16.2 mg/dl. Lumbar puncture showed 97 mg/dl total protein and 82 cells per microliter, most of which were lymphocytes. We diagnosed viral infection based on the evidence of clinical symptoms and lumbar puncture data. The patient was treated with gamma-globulin and improved. From the 16th day of sickness we recognized symptoms of oculomotor paralysis and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. On the 23rd day of sickness we strongly suspected pituitary apoplexy based on transaxial MR images. After absorption of intra-tumor hemorrhage, the oculomotor symptoms recurred. We finally reached a diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy based on pathological material, MR images, symptoms and laboratory data. We must think of pituitary apoplexy when we see an aged out-patient with severe headache, nausea, vomiting and oculomotor paralysis. It was difficult to diagnose this disease in the early time course of the disease.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of zonal renal ischemia with contrast-enhanced MR imaging with a macromolecular blood pool contrast agent.

The potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging enhanced with albumin-(gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [DTPA])35, a macromolecular blood pool marker, for detection of focal changes in renal perfusion was studied in a myoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF) model in the rat. T1-weighted spin-echo postcontrast images of injured kidneys at 3 hours after glycerol injection showed three distinct zones: a strongly enhanced outer cortex, a low-intensity inner cortex, and a strongly enhanced medulla. The distinct band of low intensity in the inner cortex indicated zonal decreased blood volume, corresponding to published microsphere data showing zonal low perfusion in the inner cortex. Contrast differences between parenchymal zones were significant for at least 30 minutes. No focal ischemic changes could be delineated on nonenhanced images. Enhanced and nonenhanced images of injured kidneys obtained at 24 hours after glycerol injection revealed no zonal differentiation. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging data in this ARF model correlated well with pathologic data and microsphere perfusion results. Contrast-enhanced characterization of the ischemic phase of renal injury with MR imaging may improve specificity for the diagnosis of ARF and may serve as a marker for therapeutic intervention.

Albumins↗

PubMed2001

Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging of central nervous system abnormalities in utero in the second and third trimester of pregnancy: comparison with ultrasound.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging to visualise abnormalities in the central nervous system of third trimester fetuses in utero and to compare the results with the current 'reference standard' of ultrasound and postnatal imaging or post-mortem data. DESIGN: A prospective, observational study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of two imaging methods: antenatal ultrasound and antenatal magnetic resonance with each other and postnatal or post mortem data. POPULATION: Twenty-one pregnant women of 19-36 weeks of gestation whose fetus were thought to have a central nervous system abnormality on the basis of antenatal ultrasound. The women had either not been offered or had refused a termination and were willing to have a magnetic resonance scan. METHODS: A 1.5T magnetic resonance scanner used a single shot fast spin echo sequence, in three image planes. The results were compared with the ultrasound results obtained by an experienced investigator independently. A series of 21 patients, with a range of pathologies of central nervous system, were imaged. Postnatal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging, or post-mortem data were used for additional confirmation of the pathology in all cases. RESULTS: The magnetic resonance report was different to the ultrasound in 10/21 (47.6%), magnetic resonance provided information additional to the ultrasound in 5/21 (23.8%), ultrasound and magnetic resonance results agreed in 6/21 cases (28.6%). CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance in the third trimester provides a useful adjuvant to ultrasound imaging of the fetus when assessing abnormalities of the central nervous system after 19 weeks of gestation particularly if the abnormality involves the posterior fossa.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Efficacy of step-oblique mammography for confirmation and localization of densities seen on only one standard mammographic view.

OBJECTIVE: Step-oblique mammography is a technique used to determine with confidence whether a mammographic finding visible on multiple images on only one projection (but not elucidated using standard additional mammographic projections such as the roll view) represents a summation artifact or a true mass, and to precisely localize the true mass for further evaluation (if applicable). This paper describes the step-oblique technique and evaluates its efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1, 1993 and December 31, 1998, 69 consecutive women underwent step-oblique mammography for the evaluation of densities seen on multiple images in only one standard projection. Additional images were obtained at 15 degrees stepped increments in obliquity. If a one-projection-only finding was not seen on step-oblique images, the density was judged to represent a summation artifact, completing the examination. If a density was visualized and could be triangulated concordantly on step-oblique images ranging from the craniocaudal to the 90 degrees lateral projection, then it was judged to represent a real lesion. Such a lesion was further characterized (mass, neodensity, architectural distortion, focal asymmetric density) and was localized precisely in three dimensions, permitting imaging-guided tissue diagnosis, if appropriate. For all study patients, we also recorded BI-RADS (American College of Radiology Breast Imaging and Data Reporting System) assessment categories; pathology results for biopsied lesions; and mammographic follow-up, clinical follow-up, and linkage to regional tumor registry for nonbiopsied lesions for which at least 2 years had elapsed since step-oblique mammography. RESULTS: Step-oblique mammography differentiated 50 real lesions from 19 summation artifacts. All 50 real lesions, although initially visible on only one standard projection, were successfully localized in three dimensions. Subsequent management resulted in the prompt detection and diagnosis of seven breast cancers and 21 benign lesions. None of the remaining findings managed by follow-up rather than biopsy have subsequently been found to be malignant. CONCLUSION: Step-oblique mammography is an effective means of evaluating the mammographic finding visible on multiple images on only one standard projection.

Artifacts↗

PubMed2002

Digital imaging and electronic patient records in pathology using an integrated department information system with PACS.

Picture archiving and communication systems have been widely used in radiology thus far. Owing to the progress made in digital photo technology, their use in medicine opens up further opportunities. In the field of pathology, digital imaging offers new possiblities for the documentation of macroscopic and microscopic findings. Digital imaging has the advantage that the data is permanently and readily available, independent of conventional archives. In the past, PACS was a separate entity. Meanwhile, however, PACS has been integrated in DIS, the department information system, which was also run separately in former times. The combination of these two systems makes the administration of patient data, findings and images easier. Moreover, thanks to the introduction of special communication standards, a data exchange between different department information systems and hospital information systems (HIS) is possible. This provides the basis for a communication platform in medicine, constituting an electronic patient record (EPR) that permits an interdisciplinary treatment of patients by providing data of findings and images from clinics treating the same patient. As the pathologic diagnosis represents a central and often therapy-determining component, it is of utmost importance to add pathologic diagnoses to the EPR. Furthermore, the pathologist's work is considerably facilitated when he is able to retrieve additional data from the patient file. In this article, we describe our experience gained with the combined PACS and DIS systems recently installed at the Department of Pathology, University of Magdeburg. Moreover, we evaluate the current situation and future prospects for PACS in pathology.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1994

The congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome: imaging findings in a multicenter study. CBPS Study Group.

PURPOSE: To describe the neuroimaging findings and the clinical features in patients with the congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Evaluation including history, general and neurologic examinations, electroencephalogram, chromosomal studies, and imaging data were reviewed in 31 patients. Pathologic material was available in two patients. RESULTS: All patients had similar neurologic dysfunction, primarily pseudobulbar paresis. Dysarthria and severe restriction of tongue movements were present in all. Motor milestones were delayed in 75% of the patients and language milestones in all. Mild to moderate intellectual deficits were documented in 75% of patients (full-scale IQ = 70). Pyramidal signs were observed in 70%. Seizures were present in 87% and were intractable to medical therapy in half of this group. MR revealed bilateral perisylvian and perirolandic malformations with exposure of the insula. The malformations were symmetrical in 80% of cases. Pathologic correlation revealed four layered polymicrogyria in the affected areas. CONCLUSIONS: The congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome is a homogeneous clinical-radiologic entity. The underlying abnormality is probably polymicrogyria.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Type 2 diabetes and atrophy of medial temporal lobe structures on brain MRI.

AIM/HYPOTHESIS: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk not only of vascular dementia but also of Alzheimer's disease. The question remains whether diabetes increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease by diabetic vasculopathy or whether diabetes influences directly the development of Alzheimer neuropathology. In vivo, hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy on brain MRI are good, early markers of the degree of Alzheimer neuropathology. We investigated the association between diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and the degree of hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accounting for vascular pathology. METHODS: Data was obtained in a population-based study of elderly subjects without dementia between 60 to 90 years of age. The presence of diabetes mellitus and, in non-diabetic subjects, insulin resistance was assessed for 506 participants in whom hippocampal and amygdalar volumes on MRI were measured. We assessed the degree of vascular morbidity by rating carotid atherosclerosis, and brain white matter lesions and infarcts on MRI. RESULTS: Subjects with diabetes mellitus had more hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy on MRI compared to subjects without diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, increasing insulin resistance was associated with more amygdalar atrophy on MRI. The associations were not due to vascular morbidity being more pronounced in persons with diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Type 2 diabetes is associated with hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy, regardless of vascular pathology. This could suggest that Type 2 diabetes directly influences the development of Alzheimer neuropathology.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Bilateral abducens nerve paresis associated with anti-GQ1b IgG antibody.

PURPOSE: To describe two cases with bilateral abducens nerve paresis associated with serum anti-GQ1b IgG antibody. METHODS: Case reports. RESULTS: Two boys, aged 12 and 10 years, experienced acute onset of diplopia after preceding symptoms and signs of infection. In both boys, examination showed only bilateral abducens nerve paresis. Although routine laboratory data and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no pathologic findings, titer of anti-GQ1b IgG antibody in the sera of both patients was increased. Diplopia and signs of bilateral abducens nerve paresis disappeared in 6 weeks without any specific treatment. CONCLUSION: The anti-GQ1b IgG antibody in the sera of both patients probably contributed to the bilateral abducens nerve paresis.

Abducens Nerve Diseases↗