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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Effect of guanabenz on the peristaltic reflex and on the spontaneous rhythmic movements of the ileum isolated from the rabbit: do the alpha-2-adrenoreceptors constitute a homogenous population?].

The inhibitory effect of the predominantly alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist, guanabenz, on the peristaltic reflex and on the pendular movements of the rabbit isolated ileum was investigated. Guanabenz depressed or abolished the peristaltic reflex as well as the pendular movements. These effects were concentration-dependent. Guanabenz is much more potent inhibiting the peristaltic reflex (IC50 1 X 10(-7) M) than the pendular movements (IC50 1 X 10(-5) M). The choline ester, acetylcholine restored the peristaltic reflex and the anticholinesterase, eserine, restored the pendular movements previously abolished by guanabenz. During the blockade of the peristaltic reflex produced by guanabenz, the pendular movements were virtually not changed. It is therefore reasonable to suppose that the inhibitory effect of guanabenz reflects the different properties of alpha-2 adrenoceptors associated with cholinergic nerve terminals within the myenteric plexus and the longitudinal smooth muscle subserving the peristaltic reflex and the pendular movements.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Amplitude-frequency modulation of electroencephalogram associated with rhythmic movements].

Evoked, motor and final potentials and some other EEG phenomena are suggested as additional components accompanying movements, external stimuli, imagination etc. Obviously, the EEG reactions are not restricted to them. On the basis of the method of synchronic averaging a way for detecting the amplitude-frequency modulation (AFM) related to the repeated movements is proposed. This method permitted to reliably single out the EEG effects which sometimes were detected by visual analysis. As the experiments showed the depth of AFM EEG accompanying the movements was about 3-6% (in this case spontaneous AFM plays the role of noise and equals 50% or more). Relations between changes in AFM for EEG recorded from various points, as well as for EEG rhythms were investigated.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1984

[Active selection of afferent information--the principle underlying peripheral correction of the function of spinal generators of rhythmic movements].

The paper presents data obtained in experiments on the study of primary afferent depolarization and retuning of segmental reactions to afferent signals during fictitious locomotion and fictitious scratching in immobilized decorticated, decerebrated and spinal cats. Fictitious locomotion was accompanied by sustained hyperpolarization, while fictitious scratching--by sustained depolarization of primary afferent central terminals. On the background of tonic changes periodic waves of primary afferent depolarization coinciding with the rhythm of efferent activity were observed. In different ipsilateral lumbosacral segments these periodic waves occurred in phase. The data are presented about the groups of afferent fibres in which central endings display tonic and phasic changes of primary afferent depolarization. Fictitious locomotion led to tonic increase and fictitious scratching--to tonic decrease in a number of evoked segmental reflex reactions. These tonic changes served as the background on which segmental reactions were modulated with the rhythm of locomotor and scratching generators. It is shown that the modulation of polarization of central primary endings by locomotor and scratching generators is the reason for many changes in reflex reactions. The conclusion is made that due to modulation of presynaptic inhibition the generators perform an active tonic and phase-dependent selection of afferent information. The role of such active selection in the peripheral correction of the function of locomotor and scratching generators is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

An inexpensive "silicone photo device" for transmicroscopic registration of rhythmical movement phenomena.

A highly sensitive electronic unit (called "silicon photo probe") is described, which enables registration of cellular motion phenomena simultaneous with their light microscopic observation. Changes in light intensity caused by movements of the living object are registered by means of a silicon photo diode (silicon blue cell), which can be mounted within the binocular tube of any type of light microscope replacing one of the oculars. Its application during investigations of oscillating contraction activity in Physarum is reported. Advantages and short-comings are discussed with respect to established photometric, tensiometric and infrared registration techniques.

Cell Movement↗