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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Studies on dynamic posture in normal persons and scoliotic patients].

Dynamic posture of 127 normal males, 144 normal females and 68 scoliotic patients was studied by a system utilizing Moiré topography, a video recorder and Apple II microcomputer system. The normal group was divided into five subgroups by age and the scoliotic group into three subgroups according to the Cobb angle. The following results were obtained: The clockwise rotation during on-the-spot marching was larger in early juvenile females. The rotation movement during on-the-spot marching was almost symmetrical in normal individuals older than seven years of age. In scoliotic patients, the trunk movement during on-the-spot marching was asymmetric. The angle of rotation during on-the-spot marching was significantly larger in scoliotic patients than in normal adolescent females. A propensity was found that the greater the scoliosis curve was the less was the rotation angle of the trunk during on-the-spot marching.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Studies on the posture of the healthy Japanese child--a classification of posture and their relation to changes in different age groups].

The human standing posture in childhood was analyzed and classified quantitatively utilizing moiré topography and a semi-automated computer system. Three thousand forty-five children ranging from three to twelve years of age were measured. Change in mid-sagittal spinal curvature was analyzed with age. The standing posture in childhood was categorized into three phases. The criteria of the classification of the postures in each phases were defined by alpha. Early juvenile posture: before 7 years of age in both male and female. The main characteristics of this phase is the development in the muscles of lower extremities. Late juvenile posture: 7-9 years old in male and 7-8 years old in female. The development of the lumbar lordosis is most characteristic. Adolescent posture: 10 years or older in male and 9 years or older in female. The increase in segmental length and magnitude of the thoracic kyphosis is most characteristic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A new method for automatic analysis of scoliotic deformity].

The Moiré method has been widely used in mass school screening for early detection of scoliosis. A new type of automatic analyser for scoliosis, which is the conceptual heir of the Moiré method, was developed. This new apparatus consists of a slide projector, video camera and microcomputer system using the principle of three-dimensional robot vision technology. Using this new method, the measurement for one patient is done automatically in less than a half minute. A good correlation is noted between the degrees measured by the new method and Cobb angles on X-ray film. Results suggest the usefulness of this system for the mass screening of scoliosis and to judge the effects of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new method to quantitatively describe pain behavior in infants.

Photogrammetric techniques were used to record the responses of 10 newborn infants to heelstick procedures at 4 hours of age. The responses consisted of an immediate withdrawal of both the affected and unaffected leg, followed by facial grimacing and crying. The median latency of withdrawal in response to the first heelstick was 0.3 seconds for the unaffected and 0.4 seconds for the affected leg, respectively. The median latency following a second heelstick was 0.2 seconds for both legs. The median latency of cry was 1.8 seconds following the first heelstick and 1.6 seconds following the second heelstick. Other quantitative parameters of the response, velocity of first affected leg movements, number of leg movements, and number of movements directed toward the stimulus, were also measured. This pilot study demonstrated a method by which quantitative data regarding pain responses in infants can be obtained and evaluated.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1987

Craniofacial biostereometrics.

We believe that biostereometrics can be useful to the craniofacial surgeon in providing a highly accurate, reproducible diagnostic and presurgical tool that is inexpensive and noninvasive. It can help visualize complex pathologic bony abnormalities, resolve ambiguous CT scans, and predict soft-tissue changes secondary to alterations in bony contours when used in conjunction with CT scans and cephalograms.

Face↗
PubMed1986

[The result of the author's screening system of scoliosis in elementary and junior-high schools].

Since 1978 school screening of scoliosis has been performed every year by the system established by the author consisting of 4 step examinations in Niigata City. The initial examination is carried out with forward bending test associated with swing maneuver by school nurses or school doctors in all school boys and girls from the 4th grade of elementary school to the 3rd grade of junior-high school. The incidence of scoliosis with deformity of more than 20 degrees has been nearly constant ranging from 0.06% to 0.09% in elementary school, and 0.35% to 0.40% in junior-high school. The author compared the number and treatment of the patients of Niigata City seen in our scoliosis clinic in the period of 7 years before and after starting this program. After this program started, the number of the patients with scoliosis of more than 20 degrees has increased by 4 times. The number of surgery in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, on the contrary, has markedly decreased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Moiré interference in gamma camera quality assurance images.

Moiré interference effects have been noted in gamma camera images for some time. Recent work has shown that the effects are still prevalent with the current generation of cameras, though apparently dependent upon collimator design. All previous work has been related to bar phantom images only. This paper also demonstrates a variety of moiré effects using the Anger "pie" phantom. Some of the principles underlying moiré interference as they apply to gamma cameras are given and possible uses of the effects are discussed, as well as the limitations they impose upon the use of certain test objects in routine quality assurance testing.

Interferometry↗
PubMed1979

Presurgical changes in unilateral cleft palate subjects.

This investigation utilizes computerized measuring and statistical techniques, stereophotogrammetry, and a newly developed method of measuring palatal surface areas to study changes in the maxillary arch dimensions at birth and at 4 months in 3 groups of subjects: (1) 30 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate cases who were treated by presurgical maxillary orthopaedics; (2) 15 similar cases who had no such treatment and served as controls; and (3) 30 normal children. The changes occurring in the 3 groups over the 4-month period were compared. In particular, it was noted that presurgical treatment had a constrictive effect on general arch growth and that it also retarded the growth of palatal tissue. The significance of this in relation to other findings and to presurgical treatment in general is discussed.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1986

The effect of a device for transverse traction on vertebral rotation in surgery for scoliosis as studied by X-ray stereophotogrammetry.

The effect of a device for transverse traction (DTT) on vertebral rotation in surgery for scoliosis has been analysed with an X ray stereophotogrammetric method in 17 patients. Six of them underwent conventional Harrington rod instrumentation and eleven patients received additional treatment with the DTT. The DTT exerted a positive effect on vertical rotation at the apex, and derotation average 10 degrees as compared with 5 degrees in the group in whom the device was not used.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Planning of computerized tomography using an X-ray stereogrammetry method].

X-ray stereogrammetry is used to derive the geometry of optimum body section. Principles and methodology of a trial-and-error technique for X-ray stereogrammetric survey are analysed. Calculations of the optimum slice for one of the clinical situations are presented along with experimental results obtained with a computed tomograph.

Adult↗