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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

The Visible Human data set: an image resource for anatomical visualization.

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) has long been a world leader in the archiving and distribution of the print-based images of biology and medicine. NLM has also been a pioneer in the use of computer systems to encode and distribute textual knowledge of the life sciences. NLM's Long Range Planning effort of 1985-86 foresaw a coming era where NLM's bibliographic and factual database services would be complemented by libraries of digital images, distributed over high speed computer networks and by high capacity physical media. The NLM Planning Panel on Electronic Imaging recommended that NLM should undertake the building of a digital image library consisting of computer-assisted tomography (CAT), magnetic resonance interferometry (MRI), and cryosection images of a representative, carefully selected and prepared male and female cadaver--the "Visible Human Project." The male Visible Human data set is now being made available through a license agreement with the NLM. A wide range of educational, diagnostic, treatment planning, and commercial uses is predicted. The Visible Human data set and its associated identification maps will serve as a "Boston Teapot" for medical imaging, a common public domain data set against which all medical imaging algorithms can be tested, and a cornerstone for future sets of related image libraries.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Residual indoor contamination from world trade center rubble fires as indicated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon profiles.

The catastrophic destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) on Sept. 11, 2001 (9/11) created an immense dust cloud followed by fires that emitted smoke and soot into the air of New York City (NYC) well into December. Outdoor pollutant levels in lower Manhattan returned to urban background levels after about 200 days as the fires were put out and the debris cleanup was completed. However, particulate matter (PM) from the original collapse and fires also penetrated into commercial and residential buildings. This has created public concern because WTC dust is thought to cause adverse pulmonary symptoms including "WTC cough" and reduced lung capacity. Additionally, some recent studies have suggested a possible link between exposure to WTC contamination and other adverse health effects. Distinguishing between normal urban pollutant infiltration and residual WTC dust remaining in interior spaces is difficult; efforts are underway to develop such discriminator methods. Some progress has been made in identifying WTC dust by the content of fibers believed to be associated with the initial building collapse. There are also contaminants created by the fires that burned for 100 days in the debris piles of the building rubble. Using WTC ambient air samples, we have developed indicators for fire related PM based on the relative amounts of specific particle bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the mass fraction of PAHs per mass of PM. These two parameters are combined, and we show a graphical method for discriminating between fire sources and urban particulate sources as applied to samples of settled dusts. We found that our PAHs based discriminator method can distinguish fire source contributions to WTC related particulate matter and dusts. Other major building fires or large open burn events could have similar PAHs characteristics. We found that random samples collected approximately 3.5 years after the WTC event from occupied indoor spaces (primarily residential) in the New York area are not statistically distinguishable from contemporary city background.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1994

Phosphoinositides in membranes that build up the triads of rabbit skeletal muscle.

The total membrane concentrations of PtdIns, PtdIns4P, and PtdIns(4,5)P2 contribute to the functional capacity of the Ins(1,4,5)P3 signalling system which is operating in skeletal muscle but the function of which is still unknown. Total amounts of these phosphoinositides have been determined in purified membranes of transverse tubules (TT) and terminal cisternae (TC) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of rabbit skeletal muscle. PtdIns and PtdIns4P have been detected in both membrane systems whereas PtdIns(4,5)P2 (290 mumol/mol phospholipid) is confined only to TT. A much greater pool of PtdIns(4,5)P2 seems, however, to be located in the sarcolemma away from the triadic junction.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The design and development of a fully integrated hospital information system.

This paper provides an overview of the design and development of a comprehensive integrated hospital information system for the National Cheng Kung University Hospital. This system was designed for a new hospital, to be built on a 'green field' site, and was developed and installed as an integral component of the building of the hospital and the installation of the medical and administrative facilities. The approach necessitated: 1) the specification of requirements with no users to explain what they needed; 2) a study of capacity without the availability of existing data to predict the workload; 3) a performance study in advance of operation to understand system behavior; and 4) the effective scheduling of implementation to ensure congruence with the building and commissioning of the hospital.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2006

Full-length single-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with streptavidin-conjugated quantum dots as multivalent intracellular fluorescent nanoprobes.

We report the formation of a supramolecular luminescent nanoassembly composed of individual or small ropes of full-length, single-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with streptavidin-conjugated quantum dots. The supramolecular luminescent nanoassembly was stably dispersed under physiological conditions and was readily visible by both optical and confocal fluorescent microscopies. Jurkat T leukemia cells were able to internalize the nanoassembly by multivalent CD3 receptor-mediated endocytosis (adsorption by cell). Once internalized by cells, the nanoassembly was found to be transported to lysosomes. These properties should make this supramolecular luminescent nanoassembly an excellent building block for the construction of intracellular polyvalent nanoprobes, mimicking natural viral delivery entities with enhanced loading capacity compared to small molecules.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1992

M-I-D-D-L-E-G-R-O-U-N-D: Part II. Developing partnerships in practice.

This article describes the process for creating partnerships in nursing. It is Part II of the development of M-I-D-D-L-E-G-R-O-U-N-D, a model for the integration of nursing education and nursing service. Collaboration and community building are the activities that occur as nurses who are "Futuremakers" create the new partnership paradigm. Seven capacities (7 Cs) needed to develop these dynamic partnerships are defined. These capacities can advance caring and healing in nursing.

Communication↗
PubMed2006

Modular principles solve design dilemma.

A modular solution from manufacturer Wernick Buildings provided Taplins Childcare Department at the Western Community Hospital, Southampton City Primary Care Trust, with additional capacity without compromising the funding-constrained project time frame.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Capacity planning seeing the forest for the trees.

Strategies for responding to today's rise in demand for inpatient services are many. The following are a few "tried-and-true" strategies: Build new and replacement hospitals Spin off specialty services Convert space occupied by less-profitable specialty services Improve patient management Reclaim mothballed space Implement urgent care tracks for appropriate ED patients.

Bed Occupancy↗
PubMed2004

Impairment of cell and plasma redox state in subjects professionally exposed to chromium.

BACKGROUND: Chromium (Cr) is widely used in chemical, tannery, building, and metal industries. More recently, it has been demonstrated that Cr induces oxidative stress in mouse brain. Nevertheless very few data exist on in vivo oxidative damage in humans exposed to Cr. METHODS: Changes in antioxidant parameters both in plasma (acid ascorbic redox state and total antioxidant capacity) and in red blood cells (glutathione (GSH) redox state) of 40 subjects (age 37.65 +/- 7.46; M/F 20/20) professionally exposed to Cr who were recruited from metal, chemistry, and building industries were evaluated. We also evaluated the levels of lipoperoxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive material, TBA-RM) and thiol levels in plasma to assess the extent of oxidative stress state. To evaluate Cr exposure rate, we measured urinary-chromium (U-Cr) by an electrothermic atomization-atomic absorption spectrometry (ETA-AAS) method. RESULTS: In this study, we found that Cr exposure induced a decrease both in GSH (P < 0.0005) and GSH/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio (P < 0.0001) in red blood cells from workers with respect to control subjects. Furthermore, we also demonstrated a significant decrease of plasma acid ascorbic levels (45.7 +/- 14.9 vs. 53.5 +/- 16.5 micromol/L; P < 0.05) and in total plasma antioxidant capacity (1,126.3 +/- 212.2 vs. 1,266.9 +/- 207.8 micromol/L; P < 0.05) in subjects exposed to Cr. No difference was found with regard to TBA-RM and thiol levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that in humans, an oxidative stress occurs for Cr exposures as low as those considered safe. This oxidative stress appears to be able to affect intracellular and plasmatic antioxidant defense.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional patency of the cochlear aqueduct.

The perilymphatic (PP) and cerebrospinal fluid (PCSF) pressures were investigated in relation to pressure variations in the ear canal, middle ear and intracranial compartment before and after occlusion of the cochlear aqueduct (CA). Experiments using intracranial infusion showed that the CA was responsible for a perfect hydrodynamic balance between the CSF and the perilymph. There are indications of additional pressure release factors but their capacities were not sufficient to prevent the appearance of a longstanding and substantial pressure gradient following occlusion of the CA. A gradual PP build-up, from zero to its original level after the CA was opened and occluded, indicated perilymph production within the labyrinth. Investigation of pressure transfer from the ear canal and middle ear to the perilymph showed that the CA was the major pressure release route from the cochlea. Occlusion of the CA reduced the compliance of the inner ear and severely reduced the pressure release capacity. In such a situation the inner ear is almost incapable of equilibrating ambient pressure changes.

Animals↗