SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Drinking Behavior”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

Vasopressin release and drinking induced by intracranial injection of angiotensin II in monkey.

The effects of intracerebral injection of angiotensin II (AII) on both water intake and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) release were tested on unanesthetized rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Injection of 10(-10) mol of peptide was administered with a cannula microinjection system stereotaxically implanted into different diencephalic structures. The preoptic area, anterior part of third ventricle, caudate nucleus, and septum appeared to be the injection sites most effective in eliciting both drinking behavior and AVP release when the animal did not have access to water. On the contrary, when water was presented, AVP release was blocked after AII microinjections in the preoptic area and the third ventricle. No drinking was observed after microinjection in the supraopticus nucleus although AVP release was stimulated. These data suggest that AII might be effective in the regulation of water balance by centrally controlling both the input (drinking) and the output (ADH secretion) of water.

Angiotensin II↗

PubMed1989

The relationship between assertiveness, alcohol-related expectations for social assertion and drinking patterns among college students.

Alcohol-related expectancies have been shown to correlate with and predict a wide range of drinking behaviors. Rotter's social learning theory asserts that behavioral prediction can be improved through the use of reinforcement value in addition to expectancies. The present investigation evaluated this assertion in comparing the ability of alcohol-related expectancies to predict alcohol consumption for low and high assertive college students. It was hypothesized that the expectation that alcohol would facilitate social assertion would be predictive of self-reported heavy drinking by low, but not highly assertive students. Results showed that the typical quantity, maximum quantity, and frequency of drinking by low assertive females were predicted only by the expectation of Social Assertion. For low assertive males, Social Assertion was predictive of frequency of drinking. Moreover, of the students, male and female, high in assertiveness, drinking patterns were not predicted by the expectation of enhanced Social Assertion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Patterns and importance of self-other differences in college drinking norms.

College students overestimate other students' drinking behavior (descriptive norms) and attitudes (injunctive norms). This study explored the effects of demographics, norm type, and reference group on the magnitude of self- other differences (SODs). Participants (N = 1,611; 64% women) completed surveys assessing demographics, drinking patterns, and perceived norms. A subset of 122 students provided consumption data 1 month later to test predictors of changes in drinking. Overall, women and non-Greeks (Greek = member of fraternity or sorority) reported larger SODs for both norm types compared with men and Greeks. Heavier drinkers reported smaller SODs. Gender x Reference Group interactions revealed that women had larger SODs for reference groups increasingly distal to them; for men, the largest SODs occur for close friends versus more distal groups. Larger SODs for descriptive norms predicted increases in drinking, consistent with social norms theory.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Gender differences in natural recovery from alcohol dependence.

OBJECTIVE: Data from epidemiological research reveal that most alcohol dependent individuals recover without professional treatment. Little is known, however, about individuals remitting from alcohol dependence without formal help, and almost no data are available with respect to gender differences in natural recovery. METHOD: Women (n = 38) and men (n = 106) who remitted from alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV without utilization of formal help (treatment or self-help groups) are compared. A standardized interview assessed reasons for not seeking help, and triggering mechanisms and maintenance factors of remission. RESULTS: Compared with male subjects, female subjects, prior to remission, experienced lower extents of social pressure to change drinking behavior, drove less often under the influence of alcohol, revealed less satisfaction with different life domains and reported a higher impact of health problems on the remission process. Female subjects also informed fewer individuals about their former drinking problems. CONCLUSIONS: Female and male natural remitters differ in factors that trigger the process as well as the maintenance of natural remission.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

["Nutrition beyond 65"--amount of usual drinking fluid and motivation to drink are interrelated in community-living, independent elderly people].

BACKGROUND: Elderly people are at increased risk of dehydration due to age-related changes in kidney function, thirst perception, body water content and homeostatic capacity. Special attitudes toward drinking may furthermore contribute to the problem. Surprisingly, little is known about usual fluid intake and the motivation to drink in community-living elderly people. Thus, the aim of the present study was the assessment of fluid intake from beverages and the motivation to drink in this population group. METHODS: From a random sample of 1200 elderly, stratified into three age-groups (65-74 y., 75-84 y., 85+ y.), 361 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (living independently in private households and mental ability to answer simple questions correctly) and took part in this cross-sectional study. Usual fluid intake of beverages and seven attitudes towards drinking were assessed in personal in-home interviews by standardized questionnaire. Drinking fluid was classified into 5 classes. The relation between drinking fluid and attitudes was checked by the chi(2) test. RESULTS: 14% of all participants (men 15%, women 14%; n.s.) reported usual drinking amounts below 1 l. This proportion was markedly higher in very-old elderly (85+ y. 27%) compared to younger participants (75-84 y. 15%, 65-74 y. 8%; p=0.001). Of all participants, 78% confirmed the statement "I am drinking because it is healthy", while 57% agreed to the statement "I am drinking because it tastes good." Subjects who stated that they pay attention to sufficient drinking amounts (63%) only rarely drank less than 1 l (7%; p<0.001). In contrast, one quarter to one third of subjects who only drink when they are thirsty (54%), who stated to drink little because of lacking thirst (30%) or to reduce the amount of drinking fluid in order to avoid micturition in general (9%) or during the night (12%) drank less than 1 l (all p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Every seventh subject aged 65 years or older and every fourth aged 85 years or older shows insufficient amounts of drinking fluid. The observed relations between usual fluid intake and attitudes towards drinking argue for the possibility to improve drinking behavior by selective educational measures.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2006

Societal costs of underage drinking.

OBJECTIVE: Despite minimum-purchase-age laws, young people regularly drink alcohol. This study estimated the magnitude and costs of problems resulting from underage drinking by category-traffic crashes, violence, property crime, suicide, burns, drownings, fetal alcohol syndrome, high-risk sex, poisonings, psychoses, and dependency treatment-and compared those costs with associated alcohol sales. Previous studies did not break out costs of alcohol problems by age. METHOD: For each category of alcohol-related problems, we estimated fatal and nonfatal cases attributable to underage alcohol use. We multiplied alcohol-attributable cases by estimated costs per case to obtain total costs for each problem. RESULTS: Underage drinking accounted for at least 16% of alcohol sales in 2001. It led to 3,170 deaths and 2.6 million other harmful events. The estimated $61.9 billion bill (relative SE = 18.5%) included $5.4 billion in medical costs, $14.9 billion in work loss and other resource costs, and $41.6 billion in lost quality of life. Quality-of-life costs, which accounted for 67% of total costs, required challenging indirect measurement. Alcohol-attributable violence and traffic crashes dominated the costs. Leaving aside quality of life, the societal harm of $1 per drink consumed by an underage drinker exceeded the average purchase price of $0.90 or the associated $0.10 in tax revenues. CONCLUSIONS: Recent attention has focused on problems resulting from youth use of illicit drugs and tobacco. In light of the associated substantial injuries, deaths, and high costs to society, youth drinking behaviors merit the same kind of serious attention.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1993

Modulation of feeding and drinking by dopamine in caudate and accumbens nuclei in rats.

Injection of dopamine (DA) into accumbens and caudate nuclei facilitates a dose-dependent increase in food and water intake, whereas administration of spiperone (SP), a central D2-receptor antagonist suppresses DA-facilitated food and water intake. Bilateral lesions of nucleus accumbens and caudatus result in a sustained and significant decrease in food and water intake. The results suggest that DA is a neurotransmitter involved in feeding and drinking behavior in accumbens and caudate nuclei and this effect is mediated by central D2 receptors.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The context-specific positive alcohol outcome expectancies of university women.

Alcohol outcome expectancies are subjective beliefs about the psychological and physical effects of alcohol consumption. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine whether the types and strengths of university women's positive alcohol outcome expectancies differ across three typical student drinking contexts. Seventy-eight female undergraduates completed three versions of the Expectancy Context Questionnaire (ECQ) depicting Social, Sexual, and Tension drinking contexts, respectively, and then prospectively self-monitored their own drinking behavior. Respondent's total positive expectancies were strongest, overall, in the Sexual context and weakest in the Tension context. Consistent with hypothesis, the strengths of certain specific alcohol expectancies varied significantly across contexts: Arousal expectancies were strongest in the Sexual context and weakest in the Social context; Social/Sexual Enhancement expectancies were strongest in the Sexual context and weakest in the Tension context; and Global Positive Affect expectancies were strongest in the Social context and weakest in the Tension context. Drinking levels over the week of self-monitoring were significantly predicted by Global Positive Affect and Relaxation expectancies in the Social Context, and by Social/ Sexual Enhancement, Arousal, and Relaxation expectancies in the Sexual Context. The theoretical and clinical importance of identifying drinking context when examining alcohol expectancies is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

The alcohol-preferring P rat and animal models of excessive alcohol drinking.

The alcohol-preferring, P, rat was developed by selective breeding to study ethanol drinking behavior and its consequences. Characterization of this line indicates the P rat meets all of the criteria put forth for a valid animal model of alcoholism, and displays, relative to their alcohol-non-preferring, NP, counterparts, a number of phenotypic traits associated with alcohol abuse and alcoholism. Behaviorally, compared with NP rats, P rats are less sensitive to the sedative and aversive effects of ethanol and more sensitive to the stimulatory effects of ethanol. Neurochemically, research with the P line indicates the endogenous dopaminergic, serotonergic, GABAergic, opiodergic, and peptidergic systems may be involved in a predisposition for alcohol abuse and alcoholism. Paralleling the clinical literature, genetically selected P rats display levels of ethanol intake during adolescence comparable to that seen during adulthood. Binge drinking has been associated with an increased risk for health and other problems associated with ethanol abuse. A model of binge-like drinking during the dark cycle indicates that P rats will consume 6 g/kg/day of ethanol in as little as three 1-hour access periods/day, which approximates the 24-hour intake of P rats with free-choice access to a single concentration of ethanol. The alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) is a transient increase in ethanol intake above baseline values upon re-exposure to ethanol access after an extended period of deprivation. The ADE has been proposed to be an animal model of relapse behavior, with the adult P rat displaying a robust ADE after prolonged abstinence. Overall, these findings indicate that the P rat can be effectively used in models assessing alcohol-preference, a genetic predisposition for alcohol abuse and/or alcoholism, and excessive drinking using protocols of binge-like or relapse-like drinking.

Alcoholism↗

PubMed2005

Lack of effect for decisional balance as a brief motivational intervention for at-risk college drinkers.

This study examined the effects of written and in-person decisional balance exercises on measures of risky drinking. College students determined to be at-risk for alcohol-related problems (N=131) were randomly assigned to an in-person decisional balance (IDB), a written decisional balance (WDB), or an assessment-only control (C) group. IDB participants met with an interventionist for individual 30-min discussions of the pros and cons of maintaining versus changing their drinking behavior, whereas WDB participants completed written decisional balance exercises. All participants completed alcohol-use assessments at baseline, 2-week posttest, and 6-month follow-up. Process analyses indicated that IDB participants generated more cons of current drinking and more pros of cutting down than WDB participants. Further, the proportion of pros to cons for cutting down predicted IDB but not WDB group drinking change. On the other hand, analyses of covariance indicated no significant differences among the groups on 2-week alcohol consumption, heavy-drinking episodes, alcohol consumption during peak drinking occasions, and alcohol-related problems. This study did not provide support for decisional balance as a stand-alone brief motivational intervention for at-risk college drinkers.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Social influences on substance-use behaviors of gay, lesbian, and bisexual college students: findings from a national study.

A variety of social factors are expected to contribute to health behaviors among college students. The goal of this paper is to describe the relationships of two different aspects of the campus social environment, namely the campus resources for gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) students and the campus-wide behavioral norms of substance use, to the individual substance-use behaviors of college students with same-sex experiences. Individual-level data come from 630 college students reporting same-sex experience, who were part of a national random sample returning questionnaires. Current cigarette smoking and binge drinking were examined. College-level data regarding the campus resources designed for GLB students were collected and used with campus-wide substance-use norms to predict individual substance use in logistic regression analyses. One-third to one-half of students reported current smoking and binge drinking, by sex and sex-partner category. The presence of GLB resources was inversely associated with women's smoking and directly associated with men's binge drinking behaviors. The proportion of students reporting same-sex behavior on campus was directly associated with these same outcomes, and behavioral norms were not associated with either outcome. Findings provide a glimpse into the influence of the social environment on the use of two of the most widely used substances at American colleges, and suggest that contextual approaches to explaining and controlling substance use may be important.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Binge drinking among Latino youth: role of acculturation-related variables.

This research examined the relationship between acculturation-related variables and binge drinking behavior among nationally representative samples of Mexican American, Cuban American, and Puerto Rican youth. It explored the relationship between length of residence in the United States, type of language spoken in the home (Spanish vs. English) and binge drinking in each of these subgroups. Results suggest that Latino youths with no prior history of alcohol consumption remain largely unaffected by these acculturation-related variables. Youth with a previous history of alcohol consumption experience greater likelihood of binge drinking as a function of the acculturation-related variables, but the relationships are complex.

Acculturation↗

PubMed2002

Alcohol advertising and youth.

This article presents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2001 Research Society on Alcoholism meeting in Montreal, Canada. The symposium was organized and chaired by Joel W. Grube. The presentations and presenters were (1) Introduction and background, by Susan E. Martin; (2) The effect of alcohol ads on youth 15-26 years old, by Leslie Snyder, Mark Hamilton, Fran Fleming-Milici, and Michael D. Slater; (3) A comparison of exposure to alcohol advertising and drinking behavior in elementary versus middle school children, by Phyllis L. Ellickson and Rebecca L. Collins; (4) USC health and advertising project: assessment study on alcohol advertisement memory and exposure, by Alan Stacy; and (5) TV beer and soft drink advertising: what young people like and what effects? by Meng-Jinn Chen and Joel W. Grube.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship of parental reinforcement of media messages to college students' alcohol-related behaviors.

Although alcohol consumption is a problem on the college campus, beliefs and behaviors predictive of alcohol use are in development in children as young as third grade. Because they develop partially in response to interpretations of media messages, for which parents can have an influence, this study examined how college students' (N=300) recollections of parental reinforcement of media messages associated with alcohol-related beliefs and behaviors. Structural equation modeling showed that recalled positive mediation negatively predicted skepticism, and positively predicted desirability and expectancies. Desirability of media messages predicted more positive norms perceptions, and a lack of skepticism predicted more positive expectancies. With age of first experimentation controlled, expectancies predicted heavier current drinking behavior. Norms did not predict behavior, and positive mediation did not predict norms. The study concludes that to the extent parental communication leads adolescents to interpret media messages less skeptically, they encourage adolescents to find alcohol portrayals appealing. This in turn appears to lead toward more risky behaviors. The results suggest that college-based anti-alcohol campaigns can benefit by acknowledging the appeal of competing messages and by including parents as a campaign target.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Changes in feeding, drinking, and standing behavior of dairy cows during the transition period.

The aims of this study were to determine how measures of feeding, drinking, and standing behavior change over the period around calving, to derive objective meal and drinking bout criteria for transition cows, and to describe the within-cow consistency of these behavioral measures. Fifteen transition dairy cows were monitored from 10 d before until 10 d after calving. Meal criteria were calculated for each cow in both the pre- and postcalving periods and varied among cows from 5.3 to 105.2 min. There was a tendency for the average number of meals per day to be higher after calving than before calving, but time spent eating declined from 87 to 62 min/d from the precalving to the postcalving period. Time spent drinking before calving averaged 5.5 min/d and increased gradually after calving to an average of 6.8 min/d. Total daily standing times remained reasonably similar over the transition period but were highest at around calving (14.4 h) and lowest during the precalving period (12.3 h). On the day of calving, there was a dramatic increase in the number of standing bouts (21.8 bouts) compared with the pre- and postcalving averages of 11.7 and 13.1 bouts, respectively. In summary, changes in feeding behavior may help account for the well-documented changes in feed intake during transition. Documented changes in standing behavior suggest that cow comfort may be particularly important during the time around calving.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Flavor enhances the antidipsogenic effect of naloxone.

Naloxone suppressed ingestion of tap water following a 15 hour deprivation at doses of 20, 10 and 5 mg/kg. Addition of saccharine (0.2%), saline (0.8%), sucrose (2%) and HCl (0.1 M) to tap water resulted in an increased sensitivity to naloxone-induced suppression of water intake following the 15 hour deprivation. The volume of quinine solution (0.1%) consumed was not altered by administration of naloxone. We suggest that naloxone suppresses drinking behavior due to alterations in taste perception.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Apomorphine and 7-OH DPAT reduce ethanol intake of P and HAD rats.

Adult male rats of the alcohol-preferring (P) line (N = 10) and high alcohol drinking (HAD) line (N = 12) were used to study the effects of IP administration of 0.125-0.50 mg/kg 7-OH DPAT (a putative D agonist) and 0.25-1.0 mg/kg apomorphine (a dopamine agonist with 50-fold higher affinities for the D1 and D2 receptors than for the D3 receptor) on the concurrent intakes of 10% (v/v) ethanol and 0.0125% (g/v) saccharin during a daily 4-h scheduled access period. Control intakes by the P rats for the 4-h period were 17.9 +/- 0.5 and 7.2 +/- 0.4 ml for the ethanol and saccharin solutions, respectively. For the HAD line, ethanol consumption was 18.7 +/- 0.2 ml and saccharin intake was 8.7 +/- 1.6 ml for the 4-h period. In terms of grams ethanol/kg body wt, the 4-h intakes were 2.2 +/- 0.2 for the P line and 3.0 +/- 0.3 for the HAD rats. Both P and HAD rats consumed approximately 40% of their total ethanol intake in the first 15 min of access while consuming only about 15% of their total saccharin intake during this 15-min period. The putative D3 agonist 7-OH DPAT produced a decrease in ethanol intake in the first h to 45-55% of control levels for the P rat (p < 0.01) and to 25-70% of control values in the HAD line (p < 0.001). Apomorphine caused a dose-dependent decrease in ethanol intake in the first hour to 15-70% of control values in the P rat (p < 0.001) and to 25-60% of control levels in the HAD line (p < 0.001). Saccharin and 4-h food intakes for both lines were not altered by either 7-OH DPAT or apomorphine. Overall, these results suggest that D2 and D3 dopamine receptors may play a role in mediating alcohol drinking behavior of the selectively bred HAD and P lines of rats.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1990

Life stressors, social resources, and late-life problem drinking.

Life stressors and social resources among late-middle-aged problem and nonproblem drinkers were studied. Problem drinkers (n = 501) reported more negative life events, chronic stressors, and social resource deficits than did nonproblem drinkers (n = 609). In a comparison of problem drinkers, men reported more ongoing stressors involving finances and friends, and fewer resources from children, extended-family members, and friends than did women. Women who are problem drinkers reported more negative life events, more ongoing difficulties with spouses and extended-family members, and fewer resources from spouses. Among both the problem and nonproblem drinkers, more stressors were associated with fewer social resources, but only within certain life domains. Late-middle-aged adults' chronic stressors and social resources helped explain their drinking behavior, depression, and self-confidence even after sex, marital status, and negative life events were considered.

Age Factors↗