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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Back pain in middle age; occupational workload and psychologic factors: an epidemiologic survey.

The prevalence of back pain in a sample of 575 fifty-five-year-old residents of Malmö, Sweden, was studied and predisposing factors were analyzed. The point prevalence of back pain was 29%. Individuals with back pain had been less successful in a childhood intelligence test, had a shorter education and worked at physically more strenuous jobs. They were also less satisfied with their working conditions.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SARS outbreak in Germany 2003: workload of local health departments and their compliance in quarantine measures--implications for outbreak modeling and surge capacity?

OBJECTIVE: Public health management of severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic must be evaluated to improve contingency planning for epidemics. METHODS: Standardized questionnaires on case management were sent to local health departments of 15 of 16 states in Germany. RESULTS: Of the 384 local health departments who received the questionnaire, 280 (72%) completed them. They reported 271 suspect or probable severe acute respiratory syndrome cases under investigation (average 4.7). The average duration of quarantine was 5.4 days. Contacts without professional activity were 2.78 times more likely to stay under 10-day quarantine than those with professional activity (CI: 0.80-9.86). Local health departments with at least one case under investigation had invested an average of 104.5 working hours. CONCLUSIONS: Our contact-case ratios may serve for planning for modeling in epidemics. We found discrepancies between local and national surveillance figures; home quarantine was frequently not applied as recommended and the burden on urban health departments was disproportionally higher. Flexibility of the national surveillance system and surge capacity for the prevention of future epidemics need improvement, particularly in urban health departments.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1985

The changing workload in paediatric urology.

Almost 3000 (2969) paediatric urological procedures carried out by three paediatric surgeons over a 3-year period have been analysed. Almost half of the patients were managed as day cases. The content of the work has been examined and the implications for continuing patient care, surgical training and the desirable paediatric infrastructure noted. Inguinoscrotal operations, surgery for hypospadias and ureteric reimplant for vesicoureteric reflux are the commonest "open" operations. Most paediatric urological procedures will continue to be done by a variety of surgeons of different specialties.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1991

Ongoing pain as a mental workload indexed by P300 depression: discrimination of real and feigned pain conditions.

Two groups of subjects were formed. One, a real pain group, was subjected to aversive pressure on the fingernail surface during pain-only and pain-tracking conditions. The second group (feigned pain) was instructed to feign pain during corresponding runs in which fingernail pressure was applied at a just noticeable (not painful) level. Both groups also simultaneously performed an auditory oddball (.8/.2) task during their pain-only and pain-tracking conditions, as well as during an initial (baseline-1) and final (baseline-2) baseline condition in which only the oddball task was performed. Oddball-evoked P300 amplitudes were significantly different for the groups during the pain-tracking and baseline-2 conditions, with the amplitudes smaller in the real pain groups in both conditions. The pain-only and pain-tracking conditions in both groups caused significant P300 reductions in comparison with baseline-1 values. P300 latencies did not differ as a function of either groups or conditions. 100% of the real pain subjects and 67% of the feigned pain subjects could be correctly classified using P300 amplitude-derived indices.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ongoing ischemic pain as a workload indexed by P3 amplitude and latency in real-versus feigned-pain conditions.

We tested four independent groups: real pain, real pain/tracking, feigned pain, and feigned pain/tracking. After baseline (auditory oddball task only, .8/.2), the real pain groups had an ischemia cuff applied, which generated intense pain after 14 min. The pain feigners were instructed to simulate pain. The oddball task was repeated during low pain (6 min following cuff application) and during high pain (7-15 min following application). Real pain ratings were affected by low versus high pain and by tracking (reporting pain regularly), which elevated ratings. Nontracking feigned- and real-pain subjects differed in oddball-evoked P3 amplitude and latency during high pain. Oddball P3 amplitude decreased and latency increased from real low pain to high pain. Tracked but not untracked real low pain affected oddball P3 amplitude. Real and feigned pain-tracking subjects did not differ in P3 amplitude. P3 latency differed between real-pain and feigning subjects during low-pain tracking. A 91% individual hit rate (real vs. feign) obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Trends in the workload of the two high altitude aid posts in the Nepal Himalayas.

BACKGROUND: Acute mountain sickness (AMS), High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) are well known problems in the high altitude region of the Nepal Himalayas. To assess the proportion of AMS, HAPE, and HACE from 1983 to 1995 in the Himalaya Rescue Association (HRA) aid posts' patients at the Everest (Pheriche 4,243 m) and Annapurna (Manang 3,499 m) regions, the two most popular trekking areas in the Himalayas. A retrospective study was conducted at the HRA medical aid posts in Manang (3,499 m) and Pheriche (4,243 m) in the Himalayas, where 4,655 trekkers (tourists, mostly Caucasians) and 4,792 Nepalis (mostly porters and villagers) were seen at the two high-altitude clinics from 1983 to 1995, for a variety of medical problems, including AMS. METHODS: The number of trekking permits issued for entering the two most popular regions in the Himalayas was calculated and referenced to the proportion of trekkers with medical conditions. Well established guidelines like the Lake Louise Diagnostic Criteria were used in the assessment of AMS, HAPE and HACE. Linear regression analyses were performed on data collected from the two aid posts to determine the effect of time on each variable. For comparison between the aid posts, angular transformation (arcsine) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed on all proportional (incidence) data. RESULTS: Approximately 20% of all visitors (Nepali plus trekkers) who visited the higher Pheriche aid post were diagnosed with AMS compared to around 6% at the lower Manang aid post. There was a linear increase over time in the number of trekkers entering the Everest (r=0.904, p<.001) and the Annapurna (r=0.887, p<.001) regions. The proportion of trekker patients with any medical condition visiting the two HRA aid posts at Manang and Pheriche, expressed as a function of the total number of trekkers entering the Everest and Annapurna regions, was not significantly different between Pheriche (average 4%) and Manang (average 1%). However, the proportion of AMS, HAPE and HACE in patients (Nepali plus trekkers) to the aid posts was greater in those visiting the higher Pheriche aid post compared to the lower Manang aid post (f=56.74, n=13; p<. 001). Importantly, only the proportion of AMS (r=0.568; p<.05) and not HAPE or HACE increased over time in Pheriche, alongside an unchanged proportion of trekker patients, amongst all Pheriche aid post patients. There was no increase of AMS, HAPE or HACE in Manang. CONCLUSIONS: HAPE and HACE are the life-threatening forms of AMS and although there is a linear increase of trekkers entering the Himalayas in Nepal, the findings revealed that HAPE and HACE have not increased over time. One possible explanation may be that awareness drives by organizations like the Himalayan Rescue Association may be effective in preventing the severe forms of AMS.

Altitude Sickness↗
PubMed1985

Changing trends in gynaecological surgical workload.

A reduction has been recorded in National Health Service gynaecological bed occupancy in Winchester and Wessex. At least part of this change may be explained by an increase in private hospital practice. NHS managers should plan for similar changes elsewhere in the United Kingdom.

Bed Occupancy↗