PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Immunization Programs”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Health in the United States.

On the whole, the American people consider themselves healthy and, according to the major health indicators, they are becoming healthier all the time. The expectation of life at birth is one and one-half times what it was at the beginning of the century. Many of the leading causes of death have experienced significant declines in rates in the last decade. Nevertheless, the minority populations frequently lag behind the white population with respect to health indicators. Prevention in the health field is being stressed through immunization programs and programs to influence individuals to change their habits. Nutrition is playing a larger role in public life; considerable publicity has been given to dietary goals for promotion of good health. The health service industry has grown rapidly. Health care has expanded and its costs have trebled since 1970. In the 1980s, interest will undoubtedly focus on minority populations and health, on how the economically disadvantaged may better be served, on the effects of an aging population on the health care system, and on how life-styles which undermine health care can be changed. The U.S. Surgeon General has established national health goals for the 1980s that will improve the nation's health if they are achieved.

Health Expenditures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchoaspiration as a possible cause in a case of tetanus. A reminder on the importance of adulthood immunizations.

Although preventable by immunization tetanus still takes a large death toll, mostly in developing countries, where adult population is often unprotected and opportune medical care unavailable. We present a case of tetanus in an elderly patient with bronchoaspiration pneumonia after a near-drowning incident, in which no objective entry site could be suspected with as much temporal relation as the bronchoaspiration incident. Bronchoaspiration of organic matter and feces provides both a source of the causative agent and an adequate polymicrobial environment for the development of the disease. It is under such conditions that we propose this unusual entry site as the cause of tetanus in our patient. Special emphasis is made on the importance of adulthood immunization programs and how incidents like this one should be taken into account in the overall care provided to the elderly population.

Accidents↗
PubMed1999

Pulse polio immunisation, 1995-96: an evaluation in West Bengal.

An evaluation of the Pulse Polio Immunisation Programme (PPI), 1995-96 in West Bengal was undertaken. It was observed that the PPI coverage (with two rounds) was 84.1%. Variations in the PPI coverage level were documented in relation to age, sex, residential status and parental literacy status of the beneficiaries. However, significantly lower PPI coverage was observed among Muslims (p < 0.001) and Scheduled Tribes (p < 0.01). The principal agency responsible for disseminating information about PPI was identified to be the multipurpose health workers. Some of the major reasons for non-acceptance of PPI were lack of information, illness of the child, absence of the child on the "PPI day", lack of faith in immunisation and fear of adverse reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Making a difference: immunizing infants and children.

Childhood immunizations, particularly for those under the age of two, is a major health issue. Since the measles epidemic in 1989-1991, the American Nurses Association/Foundation has collaborated with Every Child By Two (ECBT) to protect the nation's youngest from the ravages of vaccine preventable disease. Immunizations are the first line of prevention for infants and children. Healthy People 2000, together with the Presidential Administration's Childhood Immunization Initiative has mandated a goal of 90% immunizations for children under the age of two by the year 2000. As a nation, we are very close to meeting that goal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Recommendations regarding the use of vaccines that contain thimerosal as a preservative.

On October 20, 1999, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) reviewed information about thimerosal in vaccines and received updates from CDC's National Immunization Program and several vaccine manufacturers on the current and anticipated availability of vaccines that do not contain thimerosal as a preservative. The review was prompted by a joint statement about thimerosal issued July 8, 1999, by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Public Health Service (PHS) (1) and a comparable statement released by the American Academy of Family Physicians (2). These statements followed a Congressionally mandated Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review of mercury in drugs and food, which included a reassessment of the use of thimerosal in vaccines.

Legislation, Drug↗
PubMed1999

Delayed immunization against vaccine preventable diseases--factors responsible among children under 5 years of age.

In the present case-control study, out of the the eleven risk factors of delayed immunization, only seven, namely family size, sex, number of children < 5 years, material education, paternal education, distance from health centre and low socio-economic status were found to be significantly associated. The common causes for delayed immunization were negligence on part of parents, unawareness about the use of vaccine and sickness of child. Thus, health education of the parents is recommended.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2000

[Suspected palpebral anthrax in children. (Apropos of 3 cases)].

Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. It is primarily a disease of domestic animals. Human beings can be infected by contact with infected animals, soiled objects, thorns or insect stings. In its cutaneous form, it may produce lesions of the eyelids. The authors report three suspected cases of palpebral anthrax in children. The clinical diagnosis was evident. Scraping from the necrotic tissue showed thick Gram positive rods in two children. This aspect evokes Bacillus. All the patients responded to the Penicillin G. No complications were noted. Prevention of anthrax in Africa poses the difficult problem of health education for the local population and immunization programs for animals which can be infected by Bacillus anthracis.

Anthrax↗
PubMed1999

Measles control in Israel: a decade of the two-dose policy.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The introduction of routine measles immunization in Israel in 1967 was followed by a 95% reduction in reported measles incidence. In 1990, a second measles immunization dose was instituted, and up until the end of 1999, 16 birth cohorts were offered the second dose. We present here changes in reported measles incidence in Israel following institution of the two-dose policy. RESULTS: First-dose coverage is 94%, and coverage for the second school-based dose exceeds 95%. A further 90% reduction in measles incidence has been observed and, following a modest national outbreak in 1994, measles incidence for 1995-99 stands at less than 3/100,000/year. CONCLUSIONS: Since measles is highly contagious, very high immunization coverage rates will be required to preserve these accomplishments, and measles elimination is still years away, but there is tentative evidence that measles containment is at hand. Even greater measles control can be anticipated as vaccine immunogenicity improves and successive cohorts of children come under the 2-dose regimen.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed2000

Child vaccination, part 2: childhood vaccination procedures.

In 1996, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the American Medical Association recommended a well-child office visit at age 11 to 12 years to check vaccination status. Vaccination status should be assessed for varicella, hepatitis B, the second dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, and tetanus-diptheria (Td) toxoid if not given in the past 5 years. Adolescent patients should be screened for high-risk conditions indicating the need for influenza, pneumococcal, or hepatitis A vaccines. The Accelerated Immunization Schedule and Minimal Interval Table should be consulted for children who are behind schedule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Adult vaccination, part 1: vaccines indicated by age. Teaching Immunization for Medical Education (TIME) Project.

The morbidity and mortality of vaccine-preventable diseases among adults are high, particularly among populations at high risk because of underlying medical conditions. Influenza vaccination is recommended annually, optimally during campaigns held between October and mid-November, for all persons 50 years and older and for younger persons with high-risk conditions. Because of production delays, influenza vaccination campaigns are delayed until November of this year. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination is recommended for healthy persons 65 years and older and younger persons with high-risk conditions. A 3-dose series of adult tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) is recommended for those who have not had a primary series or whose vaccination history is uncertain. Adults who have completed the primary vaccination series should receive a booster dose of Td vaccine every 10 years. Specific strategies for improving the rate of these vaccinations have been developed for medical offices and clinics, hospitals, and other health care institutions, and other settings where there is high risk of vaccine-preventable disease.

Adult↗