SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Retinal Detachment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

Experimental retinal detachment. I. Effect of subretinal fluid composition on reabsorption rate and intraocular pressure.

Retinal detachments (RDs) were produced in rhesus monkeys by a 1-ml subretinal fluid injection combined with simultaneous vitreous aspiration. Four groups of five eyes each were studied according to type of fluid injected: autologous serum, glutathione-bicarbonate Ringer's solution (GBR), silicone oil, or no fluid (sham operation). Retinal detachments created with GBR reattached within two to seven days; RDs created with serum decreased in volume at a rate ten times slower than that of eyes detached with GBR; RDs created with silicone oil and sham-operated eyes remained unchanged during three weeks of observation. Active transport of fluid out of the subretinal space best explains these findings. Transient hypotony developed in all eyes in association with postoperative inflammation and reduced aqueous humor formation. Eyes with persistent detachment (serum and silicone oil) retained mild hypotony three weeks after operation, suggesting a pressure-lowering effect of the detachment itself.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Foveal reattachment after macula-off retinal detachment occurs faster after vitrectomy than after buckle surgery.

PURPOSE: To investigate the time course of foveal reattachment after successful surgery for macula-off retinal detachments. DESIGN: Prospective comparative nonrandomized interventional trial. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three patients (16 female and 17 male, 65+/-3 years old) with a spontaneous rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with peripheral breaks and a shallow elevation of the fovea. INTERVENTION: Nine patients were treated with episcleral buckle, cryotherapy, and, in selected cases, external drainage of subretinal fluid. Twenty-four patients were treated with vitrectomy, cryotherapy, and either complete (n = 8), or partial (n = 16) fluid-gas exchange. Patients with complete fluid-gas exchange were kept first in a prone position for 6 hours to help evacuation of subretinal fluid and, afterwards, on their side. Patients with partial fluid-gas exchange were kept in a supine position with the head elevated for 12 hours, allowing spontaneous absorption of submacular fluid. Patients were examined at 1, 6, and 10 to 12 months after surgery with a complete ophthalmic examination as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Mean follow-up was 10.0+/-0.5 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Foveal attachment was determined clinically and by OCT. RESULTS: Postoperative OCT examination 1 month after buckle surgery (n = 9) showed a small subclinical area of subfoveal fluid in 67% of patients (n = 6). Fluid was still present in 45% of cases (n = 4) at 6 months and in 11% of cases (n = 1) even at 12 months. Optical coherence tomography examination 1 month after vitrectomy showed a completely attached fovea with no subfoveal fluid in all cases (n = 24). CONCLUSIONS: Complete foveal reattachment after macula-off retinal detachment occurs without delay after vitrectomy, whereas subfoveal fluid may persist subclinically for several months in patients operated with a buckle.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Histopathologic study of the effect of retinal detachment surgery on 49 eyes obtained post mortem.

We studied 49 eyes obtained post mortem from 43 patients who had previously had retinal detachment surgery to evaluate some of the factors known to complicate retinal detachment. The retina had been successfully reattached in 44 of 49 eyes. We found epiretinal membranes in 37 eyes (75.5%), and in 15 eyes (30.6%) these membranes caused some degree of macular pucker. Other important findings included atrophy of the photoreceptor layer in 13 eyes (26.5%), intrusion of the implant in ten eyes (21.7%), cystoid macular edema in five eyes (10.2%), ciliochoroidal effusion in five eyes (10.2%), anterior segment necrosis in four eyes (8.2%), and choroidal neovascularization in three eyes (6.1%).

Choroid↗

PubMed1982

Retinal detachment and HLA typing.

105 patients with retinal detachment were HLA types and divided into hyperopic, emmetropic and myopic groups. None of these different groups showed a statistically significant correlation with any of the HLA antigens. For the patient group as a whole, there was a slightly significant correlation with HLA-B8 at the corrected p level of 0.05.

HLA Antigens↗

PubMed2006

Detection of PEDF in subretinal fluid of retinal detachment: possible role in the prevention of subretinal neovascularization. preliminary results.

UNLABELLED: PEDF (pigment-epithelium-derived factor) is a member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors. It is considered to be an important regulator of human eye disease and is known to inhibit angiogenesis. We have therefore investigated the presence of PEDF in the subretinal fluid of patients with retinal detachment. METHODS: Eighteen samples from SRF were collected from patients during retinal detachment surgery. Specific ELISA analysis was performed with specific IgG against human PEDF. RESULTS: PEDF was detected in the subretinal fluid of all cases. The mean concentration of PEDF was 33.9 ng/ml (SD 23.7 ng/ml; range 5.3-74.7 ng/ml). The majority of samples had however a concentration of more than 22 ng PEDF/ml fluid. CONCLUSION: PEDF appears to be a constant component of the fluid accumulating in the subretinal space after retinal detachment. The known effects of PEDF, however, suggest that it may be involved in physiological processes of wound healing in the subretinal space.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Treatment of retinal detachment by vitrectomy and injection of silicone oil. Long-term results and complications in 105 cases].

The present study is a two year-follow up of 105 eyes (including 27 aphakic eyes), operated on retinal detachment by silicone oil injection after pars plana vitrectomy. This procedure was chosen either as an initial treatment (37 eyes) or after a classical treatment by external indentation had failed (68 eyes). All cases of retinal detachment were of bad prognosis: macular hole, massive periretinal proliferation, isolated or associated with a tear. Cases of vitrectomy with silicone injection for proliferative retinopathy due to diabetes or hemoglobinopathy were excluded. Operations were performed under a surgical microscope with the help of a corneal contact lens (Goldmann, Kl oti or O' Malley ). Functional and anatomical results, as well as complications, were evaluated at least 2 years after treatment. In 24,7% of cases, vision was improved as compared to preoperative visual acuity. Cataract was a constant complication in all phakic eyes, as silicone oil had not been removed within the first 6 months. Intraocular hypertension developed frequently both in phakic and in aphakic eyes (29,5 and 33% of cases, respectively) and responded poorly to medical or surgical treatment. Other complications occurred less frequently. They were corneal edema, conjunctival hyperemia and uveitis. Pain imposed the evisceration of 2 eyes. These complications were the consequence of silicone oil toxicity and/or the mechanical effects of intraocular oil. Besides treatment-associated complications, early (36 during the first 6 months) as well as late (2 between the 12th and 18th months) recurrences of retinal detachment were observed. In contrast to these fair functional results, anatomical results were good in most cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Traction retinal detachment. A cell-mediated event.

In posterior-segment penetrating injuries, the role of cellular and extracellular structures for the development of fraction retinal detachment is a matter of controversy. With the use of immunofluorescence techniques, we studied the cellular components of intravitreal membranes, with particular attention to the presence of intracellular contractile proteins. Our results demonstrate increasing concentrations of intracellular actin filaments in 12- to 21-day-old membrane specimens at the time when traction retinal detachment is most likely to occur in the rabbit eye. The sequence of events reflects the same process that occurs in the wound-healing response throughout the body. The specialized anatomy of the eye, particularly the vitreoretinal relationship at the vitreous base, accounts for the disastrous consequence of fraction retinal detachment.

Actins↗

PubMed1981

Silastic sponge implants in retinal detachment surgery.

Two hundred consecutive primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments repaired with Silastic sponge implants were evaluated. A primary reattachment rate of 94% and an overall reattachment rate of 95% were achieved. Two of the successful repairs became detached after six months giving a redetachment rate of approximately 1%. Eight of the 12 failures were due to massive periretinal proliferation (MPP) (overall incidence of MPP = 4%). To date, only one Silastic sponge has had to be removed because of late infection. No cases of extrusion or erosion occurred. We recommend this procedure as safe and effective.

Follow-Up Studies↗

PubMed1980

Experimental tractional retinal detachment in rabbits. Clinical picture and histopathologic features.

A simple reproducible model for the creation of tractional retinal detachments in rabbits is presented. This model comprises retinal membranes composed of different cell types derived from ocular tissues, and eliminates the need for lengthy and expensive tissue culturing procedures. The injected cell bolus rapidly migrates to the optic disc and forms surface retinal membranes. These lead to tractional retinal detachment confined to the area of the vascular medullary rays. The rapidity and severity of the clinical process seems to be directly dependent upon the number of cells injected. Good visibility of the posterior pole is maintained throughout the course of the development of detachment. This model is acceptable for testing agents to suppress intraocular cellular proliferation. It can also serve to teach surgical techniques for the management of vitreo-retinal membranes without endangering human eyes.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Primary vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment.

AIM/BACKGROUND: Viewing the peripheral retina is the major problem in the repair of pseudophakic retinal detachments. Conventional buckling procedures in pseudophakic eyes are complicated by persistent retinal (re-) detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) more often than in phakic eyes. METHODS: Primary vitrectomy was performed in 33 consecutive cases for pseudophakic retinal detachment with the help of liquid perfluorocarbons and a wide angle viewing system, following a standardised procedure. All eyes have passed the 12 month follow up examination. RESULTS: The primary reattachment rate was 94%. PVR was observed in one case (3%). Seventy nine per cent (26 eyes) regained vision of 20/50 or better, with a median visual acuity of 20/30. The most frequent complication was transient glaucoma during the early postoperative period in 48% (16 eyes) requiring carboanhydrase inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The main advantage of primary vitrectomy over conventional buckling seems to be the better intraoperative sight to the most peripheral retinal holes, controlled removal of vitreous traction, and focused endolaser coagulation. This may explain the low rate of PVR after primary vitrectomy. Also, visual results tended to be better compared with conventional surgical techniques possibly because of removed vitreous opacities, and because of a superior retinal reattachment rate as well as the reduced rate of PVR.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Surgical management of secondary glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for complex retinal detachment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention for secondary glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for repair of complex retinal detachment. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-three eyes of 43 patients who underwent incisional surgery for secondary glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for repair of complex retinal detachment over a 9-year period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intraocular pressure (IOP), intraoperative and postoperative complications, visual acuity, and the need for further surgical intervention for glaucoma. Success was defined as IOP < or =21 mmHg and > or =5 mmHg with or without medication but without surgical reoperation for glaucoma. RESULTS: Findings associated with elevated IOP included emulsified oil in the anterior chamber (n = 14), pupillary block from silicone oil (n = 13), open-angle glaucoma without silicone oil in the anterior chamber (n = 9), and angle-closure glaucoma without pupillary block (n = 7). The mean (+/- standard deviation) IOP was 41.4 +/- 15.1 mmHg before surgery for glaucoma and 17.2 +/- 10.2 mmHg after an average follow-up of 19.6 months (P < 0.001). Cumulative success was 69%, 60%, 56%, and 48% at 6, 12, 24, and 36-months respectively. In patients who underwent silicone oil removal alone for surgical management of glaucoma (n = 32), 11 of 12 IOP failures (92%) were due to uncontrolled IOP, whereas most IOP failures in the group who underwent silicone oil removal plus glaucoma surgery (n = 8) failed because of hypotony (3 of 4, 75%, P = 0.027). Of three patients who underwent glaucoma surgery alone to control IOP, one failed because of hypotony. There was no significant change in visual function at last follow-up (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] 2.01) compared with preoperative visual function (logMAR 2.07, P = 0.74). CONCLUSION: Surgical management of secondary glaucoma after silicone oil injection for complex retinal detachment may achieve good IOP control and stabilization of visual function in most patients. Patients who undergo silicone oil removal alone to control IOP are more likely to have persistent elevation of IOP and possibly undergo reoperation for glaucoma, whereas patients who undergo concurrent silicone oil removal and glaucoma surgery are more likely to have hypotony.

Female↗

PubMed1985

Ocular deviation after retinal detachment surgery.

Thirty patients with untreated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments underwent complete ocular muscle examinations before scleral buckling procedures. The examination was repeated three weeks, six weeks, three months, and six months after surgery. We found a high incidence of heterotropia after surgery; in most cases this resolved during the first six postoperative months. This resolution progressed from heterotropia to heterophoria to orthophoria. We believe this change results from phoria adaptation. Diplopia occurred in three patients. We found no statistically significant association between this diplopia and the type of surgery used.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Changes of cone electroretinograms to colour flash stimuli after successful retinal detachment surgery.

AIM: To examine the changes in the short wavelength (S) and mixed long (L) and middle (M) wavelength sensitive cone (L,M-cone) electroretinograms (ERGs) after successful retinal detachment surgery. METHODS: Cone ERGs elicited by different colour flashes were recorded from 19 eyes with unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated successfully by conventional buckling surgery. Ganzfeld colour flashes on a bright white background were used to elicit S-cone and L,M-cone ERGs. The ratio (operated eye/fellow eye) of the S-cone b-wave elicited by a 450 nm stimulus and the ratio (operated eye/fellow eye) of the L,M-cone b-wave elicited by a 633 nm stimulus were evaluated preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Preoperatively, no significant difference was observed between the ratio of the S-cone ERG amplitudes and the ratio of the L,M-cone ERG amplitudes. Postoperatively, the ratio of the L,M-cone ERGs increased significantly over the preoperative value (p=0.001) but the ratio of the S-cone ERG did not improve. There were significant differences between the ratios of the S-cone and the L,M-cone ERGs at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The postoperative recovery of the S-cone ERG was significantly greater in eyes treated within 4 weeks after the onset of the detachment than in eyes treated later than 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the impairment of the L,M-cone system caused by retinal detachment may be reversible. However, the S-cone system may have more profound permanent damage.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Cataract and retinal detachment in patients with severe atopic dermatitis who were withdrawn from the use of topical corticosteroid.

Many patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japan are afflicted with persistent erythema of the face (atopic red face) that is not only resistant to topical corticosteroid, but often becomes worse with its use. During a three-year period (1991-1993), we treated 79 inpatients with severe AD by a combination of careful daily skin care, use of emollients, and exclusion of exacerbating factors. Occular complications before and after treatment were examined in these cases. After withdrawal of topical corticosteroid, almost all of the patients showed a temporary worsening of their skin condition. Immediately thereafter, their occular symptoms did not change. Cataract was found in 20 cases (25.3%), and retinal detachment in 9 (11.4%). After 2 months, 11 cases of cataract and 5 cases of retinal detachment in the peripheral retina were observed. However, these incidences were similar to the numbers reported in Japan during conventional treatment with topical corticosteroid. The development of cataract or retinal detachment had no relationship to serum IgE levels, personal history of respiratory atopy, the duration of topical corticosteroid use on the face, or treatment with systemic corticosteroid. Our observations suggest that patients who habitually tap or rub their faces strongly tend to develop cataract or retinal detachment at a statistically significant higher frequency. Patients with AD should have ophthalmologic examinations every one to two months for at least one year after a facial oozing attack or withdrawal of corticosteroid.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1976

[Echooculometry in retinal detachment surgery without subretinal drainage (author's transl)].

Changes of the height of retinal detachments up to 0.1 mm can be visualized by A-scan-ultrasonography; such small changes cannot be ascertained by means of ophthalmoscopy. Based on echooculometric measurements of the maximal height of retinal detachments during the first hours and days after surgery without subretinal drainage, the final success (24 cases) or failure (2 cases) could be predicted 24 hours at latest. Thus in cases of retarded resorption of the subretinal fluid it can be decided by means of echography, wether a reattachment of the retina can be expected or a failure, the cause of which needs early detection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with unilateral vitreous base avulsion as the presenting signs of child abuse.

PURPOSE: To describe a 7-year-old boy with bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachments and unilateral vitreous base avulsion as the presenting signs of child abuse. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: Examination demonstrated no external signs of trauma or ocular findings typically found in battered child syndrome; however, findings of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments and vitreous base avulsion raised the suspicion of child abuse, which was confirmed with further history. A scleral buckle procedure and pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade were performed in the right eye followed by a similar procedure in the left eye 1 week later. CONCLUSION: Vitreous base avulsion and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments may be the only presenting signs of child abuse.

Battered Child Syndrome↗

PubMed1978

Selection of type of operation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Primary success in scleral buckling operations may be enhanced by ophthalmoscopically locating all retinal breaks and accurately localizing the posterior margin of the retinal breaks at the time of operation. A scleral buckle created by either an explant or an implant must be large enough to seal the retinal break completely. In 95 per cent of retinal detachments this may be accomplished by using 7 to 7.5 mm wide buckling material in a 10.5 to 11 mm wide scleral bed which creates a buckle extending from the ora serrata to a point 5 mm posterior to the localized posterior margin of the retinal break. Although in selected cases localized scleral buckles may successfully cure a retinal separation, greater initial success will usually be obtained by a buckle which covers the greater portion of the circumferential extent of the retinal detachment.

Humans↗

PubMed1988

The development of severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery. Grade B: a determining risk factor.

A prospective clinical study was conducted to determine wether preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), grade B, was a significant risk factor in the development of severe PVR after surgery for retinal detachment repair. Two series of consecutive retinal detachments associated with horseshoe retinal tears were compared. The first series included 40 eyes of 40 patients with preoperative PVR, grade O-A. The second series included 30 eyes of 27 patients with preoperative PVR, grade B. All eyes were operated on with conventional microsurgical techniques. At the first operation, no vitrectomies were carried out in any eyes. The incidence of postoperative PVR, grades C and D, was 20% (6/30 eyes) after a single operation in the series of eyes with preoperative PVR, grade B as compared to 0% in the series of eyes with preoperative PVR, grade O-A. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.01). It was also found that the incidence of postoperative proliferative PVR was significantly higher in eyes with preoperative vitreous hemorrhage (30.7%) as compared to eyes with no preoperative vitreous hemorrhage (0%; P = 0.02). Incomplete posterior vitreous detachment without collapse of the vitreous gel occurred significantly more frequently in eyes with preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy, grade B (68.4%, than in eyes with preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy, grade O-A (27.5%; P = 0.02).

Adult↗