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Bleaching teeth: new materials--new role.

Today, bleaching alone can be effective in restoring appearance to teeth stained from various causes. Moreover, bleaching can be combined with other restorative treatment to produce results not otherwise possible. Bleaching requires careful diagnosis and techniques but offers a relatively simple, safe, and successful way to significantly improve appearance. In the future, bleaching will be a routine, conservative treatment option.

Dental Restoration, Permanent↗

Restorations of eroded areas.

Class V erosion lesions must be restored to reinstate esthetic appearance, overcome sensitivity, or prevent further loss of tooth structure. Restoration has been a problem, but, with the advent of adhesive techniques, it is far less traumatic. The most widely advocated method currently uses composite resin as the primary restorative material with dentin bonding agents. Type III glass ionomer lining cements are also suggested to provide bonding to the dentin. This paper details the requirements for clinical success in the restoration of the Class V erosion lesion using Type II restorative esthetic glass ionomer cements as the primary restorative material with the possible addition of composite resin as a final veneer only if circumstances warrant it.

Composite Resins↗

Composite resin esthetic dentistry survey in New England.

This study collected information on various aspects of esthetic dentistry, including the time used and income produced while delivering treatment to noncarious teeth. A mail survey was sent to 521 randomly selected dentists in the six-state New England area (approximately 7% of the total active dentists in that region); the response rate was 74%. The results indicated that dentists are providing a substantial amount of esthetic treatment on noncarious teeth.

Adult↗

Economic impact of dental service utilization by older adults.

A total of 747 general dental practitioners--in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, and Minnesota--responded to a questionnaire in 1988 by completing a detailed productivity report of patient services performed during a specified period. The results, based on 11,909 patient visits and 22,712 dental procedures, indicated that stereotypes of older adults as underutilizers of dental care are incorrect. This finding and others, detailed within this article, indicate that older adults make up a substantial portion of regular patients and that their utilization of dental services should increase throughout 1990.

Adolescent↗

Patient maintenance of esthetic restorations.

There are probably as many ways to maintain esthetic restorations as there are restorations. After esthetic treatment is completed, schedule a mandatory postoperative appointment to make certain that whatever technique the patient uses is effective. At the postoperative visit, it should be apparent that the patient's tissue is healthy. If the tissue has not healed, some change in home care or additional periodontal or restorative treatment may be necessary. There are virtually hundreds, perhaps even thousands of home plaque removal devices. The ones mentioned here have worked for us and are therefore discussed. It isn't the type of device that is critical, however, but patient compliance. The described regimens have worked effectively for us in overcoming this obstacle of compliance. Appropriate recall visits with the hygienist should be made at one- to six-month intervals. In the final analysis, your success with esthetic restorations may well depend on your patients' success with esthetic maintenance.

Dental Devices, Home Care↗

Resin restorations for anterior teeth--1995.

Resin restorations for anterior teeth, properly planned and well placed, should be expected to serve many years. Small resin restorations in anterior teeth may even be lifetime restorations. Class III, IV and V resin restorations with large facial display are best when hybrid resin is placed internally and microfill resin is placed facially. Restorations without significant facial display are best treated with hybrid resin alone. Although new, more refined resin systems will come, the current state of the art for anterior resin restorations is excellent and certainly the best it has ever been.

Composite Resins↗

The coming demise of the cast gold restoration?

Cast gold restorations have overall characteristics unavailable in any other restorative procedure for inlays and onlays, including low restoration wear; low wear of opposing teeth; lack of breakage; burnishability-malleability; and proven long-term service. Bonding cast gold restorations with resin cement improves their characteristics even more. However, they are not tooth-colored, which eliminates them from consideration for many patients. Although tooth-colored inlays and onlays, both ceramic and filled polymer, are increasing in use, and their serviceability is acceptable at a moderate level, cast gold restorations remain the standard of care for long-term indirect restorative service.

Composite Resins↗

Amalgam at the new millennium.

Dental amalgam has served as an excellent and versatile restorative material for many years, despite periods of controversy. The authors review its history, summarize the evidence in regard to its performance and offer predictions for the future of this material. For the present, amalgam should remain the material of choice for economical direct restoration of posterior teeth. When esthetic concerns are paramount, tooth-colored materials, placed meticulously, can provide an acceptable alternative.

Biocompatible Materials↗

The spectrum of composites: new techniques and materials.

BACKGROUND: During the past 25 years, advances in adhesive technology and composite-based resins have provided dentists and patients with new treatment options. This technology provides patients with more tooth-conserving and highly esthetic restorations. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This article reviews advances in composite-based resin materials. It discusses composition and classification of current resin-based composite. It also reviews techniques for successful placement of these materials and provides a discussion of current concepts of polymerization.

Adhesives↗

Do no harm.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chronic Disease↗

Defining oral rehabilitation.

"Oral rehabilitation" is a phrase that is used to encompass several levels of oral therapy. Usually, dentists think of an oral rehabilitation as meaning restoration of all of the teeth in a given mouth. However, when only the defective teeth in any mouth are restored, that too could be defined as an oral rehabilitation. The advent of esthetic dentistry has encouraged oral rehabilitation for esthetic reasons only. This article suggests that such oral rehabilitations should be preceded by thorough informed consent and education about other, more conservative, therapies. Patients should have full knowledge that such rehabilitations are not required, and that they may require frequent re-treatment at significant cost. Qualified specialists or experienced general dentists are capable of treating all levels of oral rehabilitation, and completion of courses at specific commercial institutes is not necessary.

Dental Restoration, Permanent↗

What has happened to conservative tooth restorations?

There is an obvious tendency in dental practice to place more full crowns than may be necessary. This article has discussed some of the reasons for this increased use of full crowns, and for a reduction in the use of full crowns. I have supported the desirability of placing more conservative restorations, and I have discussed the financial and longevity implications offered by more conservative restorative dentistry.

Crowns↗

The major part of dentistry you may be neglecting.

Observation of occlusion, providing patient education about occlusion and treatment of occlusal conditions sadly are neglected in the profession. Occlusal equilibration is one of the major treatments for occlusally oriented diseases, and I estimate that this procedure is not accomplished frequently by many practitioners. I have discussed the conditions needing occlusal equilibration and suggested procedures for the conditions. I encourage practitioners needing education in occlusion to seek it.

Bruxism↗