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PubMed1998

Parafoveal identification asymmetry: interactive effects of shape and color.

If two adjacent letters project to the parafoveal region of the retina, both accuracy and discriminability measures have revealed that a letter flanked to its foveal side is identified more accurately than a letter the same distance from the fovea that is flanked to its peripheral side. This parafoveal identification asymmetry is greater if the letters are dissimilar in shape than if they are similar. Color and brightness were introduced as variables in the present experiments. The identification asymmetry was greatest for dissimilar letters in different (complementary) colors. Although those colors differed also in brightness, two letters that were achromatic but merely different in brightness did not produce an asymmetry interaction with shape. Interletter separation was varied between .15 and 1.95 deg, and the pattern of results just described persisted across both distances. The synergistic interaction of shape relation and color relation in determining the amount of identification asymmetry suggests that color and shape affect perceptual processing at the same level.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Aging, perception, and visual short-term memory for luminance-defined form.

The sensory, perceptual, and visual short-term memory (VSTM) capacity of young and older observers for processing luminance-defined shape information was assessed in a series of experiments. The following were assessed: each individual's threshold necessary to detect a square from its background as measured by luminance thresholds; the capacity for making simultaneous size discriminations when compensating for individual differences in sensory input; the capacity for making sequential size discriminations; and the capacity for remembering size differences over time. The results show a selective deficit for simultaneous perceptual processing for older subjects, which cannot be attributed to differences in sensory input, task difficulty, interhemispheric transfer, or VSTM.

Adult↗