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PubMed1991

Pseudologia fantastica, dissociation, and potential space, in child treatment.

Pseudologia fantastica is discussed from the classical viewpoint as a defensive effort based primarily on denial and directed towards unacceptable wishes and impulses. This view is contrasted with British object relations theory which stresses schizoid and dissociative elements and the function of pseudologia fantastica in maintaining a viable self. While appearing at times to reflect creativity, pseudologia fantastica in fact constitutes a failure of potential space. The treatment of an adolescent boy is presented to illustrate the technical necessity of providing a holding and containing function which allows for the gradual emergence of potential space. As the patient's self develops, the treatment may eventually address internal conflicts typical of adolescence.

Child↗
PubMed1991

The work of hypochondria. A contribution to the study of the specificity of hypochondria, in particular in relation to hysterical conversion and organic disease.

The authors present a metapsychological conception of hypochondria. Following Freud, they contrast the complaints of the hypochondriac with the belle indifférence of the hysteric, and they then inquire into the heuristic value of hypochondria as an actual neurosis; this leads them to a consideration of psychosomatic illness and the importance of the object cathexis in hypochondriacal anxiety. In the development of Freud's theory of the drives, the explanatory concept of the damming up of ego libido proves insufficient and has to be coupled with the notion of primary erotogenic masochism: from this point of view, hypochondria can be seen as a form of binding which thus distinguishes it from other somatic outcomes. On the basis of three case histories, the authors endeavour to show hypochondriacal anxiety not only as a pathological process but also as a type of necessary minimum cathexis of the body; this leads to the idea of hypochondria as psychical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Aspects of the analytic relationship.

In this article the analysand-analyst relationship is investigated from the classical and from the post-classical point of view. This leads to the distinction of four fundamental aspects of the analytic relationship: the realistic relationship, the working relationship, the transference relationship, and the primary relationship. Similarities and differences between these various aspects of the analytic relationship are discussed. Examples of confusion about the aspects are given. Disagreement about the issue is mentioned. Emphasis is laid on one of the four aspects: the primary relationship. Its importance in ordinary psychoanalysis has not received the attention it deserves.

Countertransference↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Art therapy--an additional possibility in group psychotherapy with adolescents].

Following a discussion of fundamentals of psychoanalytically oriented art therapy, clinical examples are shown to illustrate its practical application within the field of adolescent group psychotherapy. The mutually stimulating and complementing possibilities of expression within the creative process, the art works themselves and the verbal interaction offer a concrete, yet very flexible opportunity for dealing with group activity, transference, individual conflicts and difficulties within the developmental tasks of adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A dream of the red shoes: separation conflict in the phallic-narcissistic phase.

A case is described in which a patient's dream of red shoes stimulated associations to the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale of The Red Shoes, and the movie of the same name. Analysis of the dream provided valuable insight into the structure and evolution of her neurotic conflicts. At the same time, the symbolic significance of The Red Shoes to this patient helped to clarify one of the meanings of the fairy tale. The interplay of these elements, dream and cultural daydream, within the context of the transference, focused on conflicts in the phallic-narcissistic phase of development, with particular emphasis on separation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Aspects of a dilemma of middle age: whether or not to place aged, failing parents in a nursing home.

A middle-aged person's involvement in making a decision about whether or not to institutionalize an aged parent whose physical and/or mental capacities have failed inevitably arouses intense feelings, memories, fantasies, and conflicts. Fantasies that equate putting the parent in a nursing home with abandonment and murder, as well as the narcissistic threat posed by seeing one's own future in a parent's deterioration, are common. The conflicts aroused may upset long-standing psychological balances. This paper explores ego, superego, id, and reality issues that are aroused as they were seen in the psychoanalysis and psychotherapy of several patients involved in making this decision. The importance of looking for the unique aspects of the conflicts set off in each individual facing this dilemma is stressed, as is the potential for countertransference responses.

Aged↗