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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Infectious and inflammatory diseases.

The systemic conditions described in this paper are (1) sarcoidosis, (2) tuberculosis, (3) toxoplasmosis, and (4) histoplasmosis. The lung is the primary target organ of granulomatous involvement for each of these disorders. This and other similarities may confuse the diagnostic picture; however, appropriate understanding of clinical, epidemiologic, pathophysiologic, immunologic, radiologic, and serologic features assists in clearly establishing a diagnosis. The goals of this paper are to help the clinician develop a working knowledge of these four conditions, as well as an understanding of which tests are appropriate to order, how to interpret their results, and which treatment and management strategies to consider.

Eye Infections↗
PubMed1994

[Contribution of gene amplification in the biological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis].

Biological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is generally based on indirect arguments (serology). In cases of immaturity or of immune depression, however, evidence of the parasite has to be obtained. This involves time-consuming or relatively insensitive culture techniques. Molecular biology, and more particularly the polymerase chain reaction gene amplification technique, makes it possible to identify an extremely small quantity of parasites in a complex biological fluid in a few hours. We summarized our experience with an original technique using toxoplasma ribosomal DNA as the target. Its use in the amniotic fluid provides a distinct improvement in antenatal diagnosis and is fast becoming the technique of reference. Difficult cases have been solved by its application in ophthalmology. Finally, in immunodepressed patients, especially in cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, assessment is currently ongoing. The results obtained so far, especially in the analysis of the cerebral spinal fluid, are encouraging.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Contribution of immunoblot to the diagnosis and monitoring of toxoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

This study evaluates the potential value of immunoblot for serological survey of toxoplasmosis infection in HIV infected patients. This technique was applied to the detection of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. We compared the patterns obtained from sera of immunocompetent and HIV+ subjects in different situations: absence of toxoplasmosis, primo-infection, chronic infection and reactivation of toxoplasmosis. IgA antibodies were demonstrated in sera of all HIV+ patients with chronic infection: so, these antibodies have any diagnosis value in this group. IgE were only detected by immunoblot when clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis occurred in cases of HIV+ patients with reactivation of the parasitosis; previously, these subjects presented a serological rise of IgG specific antibodies. In ten cases of neurotoxoplasmosis immunoblot allowed detection of IgA and IgE antibodies in serum and CSF and demonstrated their intrathecal synthesis in three cases. In conclusion immunoblot is a powerful technique for detection of IgA and IgE to Toxoplasma gondii. Demonstration of IgE antibodies seem to be a good criterion to evaluate the evolutivity of the parasitosis in HIV patients.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1977

Segmental retinal periarteritis as a complication of toxoplasmosis.

Segmental retinal periarteritis is a relatively rare clinical entity with varied etiologies. This report describes a case of acute toxoplasmosis with segmental periarteritis without concomitant periphlebitis. To my knowledge this has never been reported previously. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was proven by both clinical findings and serology.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Toxoplasmic papillitis as the initial manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis has been reported as the initial manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two authors have described two patients with AIDS and toxoplasmic papillitis. We report the case of a patient with a papillitis of unknown origin in whom the workup found systemic toxoplasmosis and subsequent positive human immunodeficiency virus status. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of toxoplasmic papillitis as the initial manifestation of AIDS.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1996

"I think we have a problem in Victoria": MDs respond quickly to toxoplasmosis outbreak in BC.

More than 110 people, including 12 newborns, were infected with Toxoplasma gondii in Victoria last year. A team of doctors, researchers and public-health officials determined that the source of the world's largest recorded outbreak of the infection was the water supply. Anne Mullens looks at how the BC medical and scientific communities responded to a unique challenge.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1996

[Congenital toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis after primary infection of the mother in pregnancy].

An infection with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy means that the unborn baby may be infected as well. In addition to the risk that the baby may be born dead, central chorioretinitis could also occur. Pregnant women with primary infection were treated with spiramycin or a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiacine. A total of 153 children (1 month-1 year) were examined twice with particular attention to the macula region. Only two cases showed central retinochoroiditis. In one case the treatment was insufficient, and in the other the time between the serological examinations was too long. None of the other children showed any central pathological changes within the follow-up period. Screening methods, the appropriate treatment and the results are presented.

Coccidiostats↗
PubMed1996

Characterisation and reactivity of a glycidic antigenic component in Toxoplasma gondii.

Toxoplasma gondii is composed of a complex antigenic mosaic and some antigenic fractions are of major diagnostic interest. We studied an antigenic fraction with molecular weight < 17 kda, identified by SDS-PAGE 15% and immunoblotting. This fraction could be easily extracted from the whole antigen with phenol/CH-Cl3 and its analysis showed a mainly carbohydrate composition. With immunoblotting this fraction showed strong reactivity with specific IgM and IgG in early-acute infection; IgM reactivity disappears or is much less marked in chronic acquired infection. Extraction with phenol/CHCl3 allows this fraction to be used as an antigen in other diagnostic methods.

Animals↗