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A child with congenital fibrosarcoma in the forearm, of microscopically differentiated type, is described. Early radical extirpation of the fibrosarcoma with the periosteum led to an apparent cure after 15 years.
The authors report on a case of fibrosarcoma of the secondary petrous part of the temporal bone following irradiation, eight years earlier, of a cerebellar astrocytoma. Based on a review of the literature, they recall the characteristic traits of these tumors: development in the field of irradiation, prolonged latency period, exact histology, rarity of cervico-cephalic locations. The treatment usually associates wide surgical exeresis and chemotherapy. The prognosis remains poor due to local recurrences and visceral metastases (20 to 60% at five years).
Lymph node metastases occur in an appreciable number of soft-tissue sarcomas. The histologic subtype plays a most important role. Synovial sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma manifest relatively frequently such metastases, whereas fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, and malignant schwannoma do so very infrequently. With the use of the newer radiologic techniques, it is expected that this feature will be more clearly defined and taken into account in planning the treatment. For histologic subtypes known frequently to manifest metastases to the regional lymph nodes, the latter should be considered for inclusion in the surgical and/or radiation treatment plan, particularly for primary tumors situated close to a nodal basin; and careful follow-up of these nodes should be practiced.
The dangers are emphasised of conservative surgery for soft-tissue malignancy of the hand, based on three cases. In the first, a fibrosarcoma which had developed in a longstanding fistula was treated by partial amputation, lymph node dissection and radiotherapy. Two recurrences arose locally at a later juncture. In the second case, a bone cyst diagnosed a "proliferative synovioma" was resected locally, only to recur on two further occasions being finally characterised as a spindle-cell sarcoma. In the third case, autopsy revealed metastatic Ewing's sarcoma in a patient initially treated by local resection of a "mesenchymal blastoma".
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The effect of serum from mice bearing methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas on the lympho-proliferative responses of their spleen and lymph-node cells to 3 M KCl-solubilized tumor antigens has been investigated. Low concentrations of serum (less than or equal to 2.5%) collected throughout the course of tumor growth were inhibitory. Normal sera collected from age-matched control mice were often slightly inhibitory, but to a significantly lesser extent at identical serum concentrations. The inhibitory effect of tumor-bearing serum was not limited to homologous tumors, but was also observed when cross-reacting syngeneic tumor antigens or serum from animals bearing other syngeneic tumors were added to the assay mixture. At the low concentrations used, tumor-bearing sera inhibited only tumor-antigen-induced proliferation, and not proliferation induced by T cell mitogens. The inhibitory effects of tumor-bearing sera on lympho-proliferative responses to soluble tumor antigens appear to be similar to the inhibition seen as "serum blocking" in other assays of tumor immunity.
The BALB/3T3 clone A31 mouse embryo cell line has been used by many investigators as a model "normal" "fibroblast" line for a variety in vitro studies. It has been shown, however, that these cells are not "normal" because they will produce tumors within 2-4 months if 3 x 10(4) cells are implanted subcutaneously in BALB/c mice attached to 0.2 x 5 x 10-mm plastic plates. Previous studies also suggested that these cells were not fibroblasts because they gave rise tumors with the characteristics of vascular endothelium not fibroblasts. We now report that BALB/3T3 (clone A31), BALB/3T3-T, a proadipocyte subclone of clone A31 cells, and six recent subclones of BALB/3T3-T cells show additional differentiation patterns were tumors derived by implantation of these cells attached to plastic plates are examined. Differentiation into pericytes, chondrocytes, and fibroblasts was observed. We conclude that the BALB/3T3 clone A31 cell line and related lines are multipotent mesenchymal cells which are capable of differentiation into a variety of cell types.
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Daily intralesional injections of bradykinin (250 microgram) into syngeneic SV40 virus-induced fibrosarcomas in inbred hamsters for 21 days produced marked inhibition of tumour growth, marked lymphoid cell infiltration of tumours, and significant elevations in plasma kallikrein and prekallikrein activity, compared with intralesional saline injections. All tumours were of comparable size and growth rates before injections were begun. Plasma kallikrein levels of animals which received the standard tumour cell inoculum subcutaneously and did not develop tumours were elevated significantly above normal levels and above levels of animals with large tumours. Kallikrein inhibitor activity of animals which did not develop tumours was depressed below normal levels. Intralesional injections of saline produced a significantly lesser response in plasma kallikrein and plasma prekallikrein activity than was encountered with subcutaneous saline injections in normal animals. Intralesional injections of bradykinin produced a response equivalent to that encountered with subcutaneous bradykinin injections in normal animals.
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A Pseudomonas aeruginosa (i.v.) treatment (10(8) killed organisms) has shown the capacity to induce the release of tumor-necrotizing factor in the serum of BCG-pretreated mice to the same extent as an LPS treatment. Lower doses of P. aeruginosa (10(7) killed organisms) were applied in BCG-pretreated mice (1 mg given IV 7 days prior to or 1 day after tumor graft) bearing a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma. In both cases this combined treatment significantly delayed tumor growth without a toxic side effect.
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The epoxide hydratase inhibitor, 1,1,1-trichloro-2,3-propene oxide (TCPO) in combination with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) was injected s.c. in ddN mice. The formation of fibrosarcoma by B[a]P was slightly accelerated at low dose of TCPO, and remarkably inhibited at high dose of TCPO. The correlation of carcinogenesis with B[a]P metabolism was discussed.
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Glutamate dehydrogenase activity was found to be present at a high level in neoplastic cytosol and microsomes, 3.45 and 9.90 nmoles NADH/min mg protein, respectively. This remains in accordance with the high rate of RNA and protein synthesis in the neoplastic process.
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