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Results for “Behavioral problems”

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PubMed1989

[Behavior problems at homes for the aged. An inventory of 6 homes for the aged and a comparison with various nursing homes].

An inventory of behavioural problems by means of the 'Beoordelingsschaal voor Oudere Patiënten' (BOP, Behaviour Rating Scale for Elderly Patients), was made in six residential homes. About half of the 673 residents made little social contact and showed depressive behaviour. Apathy and difficulties spending their time were found in 30% of the residents. Behaviour associated with cognitive dysfunctions was observed in 14%. Approximately 5% of the residents had very severe physical disabilities. Thus, in the residential homes we found a wide range of behavioural problems. These place high demands on the organisation and quality of the care. The BOP-scores of the subjects in the residential homes were compared with those sampled in the same period in a nursing home for patients suffering from physical disabilities (N = 152) and a psychogeriatric nursing home (N = 169). Highly significant differences between the inhabitants of the residential homes on the one hand and the nursing homes on the other, were found for the subscales dependency, social disturbance, physical disability, orientation/communication and apathy. Only depression-scores were the same in the three types of institutions. These results contradict the often-heard opinion that the problems of care and assistance in residential homes increasingly resemble those of nursing homes.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1991

The influence of parenting stress and child behavior problems on parental estimates of expressive and receptive language development.

This study examined the relative contributions of parental reports of child-related and parent-related stress to their estimates of expressive and receptive language skills on the Minnesota Child Development Inventory in 152 children referred to a communicative disorders clinic. Correlational analysis showed moderately high agreement between parental estimates and objective measures of expressive and receptive language ability. Multiple-regression analyses revealed that independent measures of language acquisition accounted for the greatest amount of variance in parental estimates of expressive and receptive language skills. Stressful child behavior accounted for a small but statistically significant proportion of the variance in estimates of expressive and receptive language skills. Parental stress, in contrast, did not contribute significantly to language estimates. These findings suggest that parents are able to formulate estimates of language development which are relatively independent of personal or child-related stressors.

Child↗

PubMed2004

Effects of adolescent manic symptoms on agreement between youth, parent, and teacher ratings of behavior problems.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the extent to which manic symptoms might influence the self-report ratings of adolescents as compared to parent and teacher ratings, although there are clinical reasons to believe that mania would increase disagreement. METHODS: Parents and youths between the ages of 11 and 17 years were evaluated with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (KSADS), Young Mania Rating Scale, and Child Depression Rating Scale-Revised. Based on the KSADS results, subjects were assigned to either a bipolar spectrum group (e.g., meeting criteria for a diagnosis of bipolar I, II, cyclothymia, or NOS) or a "nonbipolar" group (including depressive disorders, disruptive behaviors disorders, and other axis I diagnoses). Parents and youths both completed the Achenbach rating scales and the General Behavior Inventory (GBI). Teachers also completed the Achenbach scales. RESULTS: Youth self-report of manic symptoms showed lower correlations with clinician ratings than did parent ratings. Youths with a bipolar diagnosis also show poorer agreement about their depressive symptoms. There was some evidence that bipolar youths underreported symptoms, even after controlling for parent history of mood disorder. The youth's own manic symptoms partially mediated the effect of a bipolar diagnosis on rater disagreement. LIMITATIONS: Diagnoses and mood ratings were based on both parent and youth interviews. CONCLUSIONS: Findings strongly suggest that cross-informant agreement can be substantially affected by the youth's own psychopathology. Youths with a bipolar diagnosis tend to underreport their manic symptoms compared to parental report. Results emphasize the importance of gathering collateral sources of information in evaluating juvenile mania, and also suggest that parent reported problems should not be discounted out of hand.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Prediction of dental behavior problems in preschool children].

Aim of this study was to investigate behavioural and emotional problems in preschool children in relation with behaviour problems during a highly stress provoking dental treatment. Eighty one healthy children between 2 and 4 years referred to the clinic of Special Dental Care (SBT) in Amsterdam were selected, based on dental need (extraction of one or more primary incisors). Each child was sedated with oral midazolam. Their behaviour was rated by registering the degree of acceptance during four consecutive time periods of the dental treatment. Prior to the treatment parents were asked to fill in a questionnaire. No significant correlations between temperament and behaviour were found with the total CBCL profile or its subscales. This confirms the results of earlier studies that the relationship of temperament, dental anxiety and behaviour problems is a complex matter and not yet fully understood. It is also indicated that within the entire treatment a child's behaviour is closely related to its behaviour in the preceded treatment step.

Child Behavior↗

PubMed1998

The persistence of teacher-reported behavioral problems among children aged 8 to 12.

This investigation assessed psychiatric symptoms in children reported by teachers at two points of time, and the persistence of symptom groups over an interval of four years. 1128 children born in 1981 (mean age 8.5 yr in Study 1 and 12.5 yr in Study 2) were studied, using the Rutter Scale B2 questionnaires in both studies. The frequencies of teacher-reported problems generally decreased over an interval of four years. Hyperkinetic symptoms were the most prevalent at both occasions. Gender differences were seen in both studies, boys outnumbering girls on most items. Symptoms were classified into five groups representing hyperactivity, internalizing and externalizing behaviour, relationship difficulties, and habits. The correlations of these different groups in Study 1 with those in Study 2 were moderate. Among deviant girls, correlations were high or moderate for externalizing, hyperactivity and internalizing behavior between the two studies. For deviant boys, high correlations between the studies were found for hyperactivity and habits. Externalizing behavior was also highly correlated with relationship difficulties among deviant boys. Two symptom groups (hyperactivity and relationship difficulties) and low performance level in Study 1 increased the probability of being deviant in Study 2 among boys, and four interactional terms (hyperactivity by relationship difficulties, hyperactivity by performance level, internalizing by performance level, and externalizing by relationship difficulties) also had an effect. Among girls, the probability of being deviant in Study 2 was increased if they were hyperactive or had relationship difficulties in Study 1. Furthermore, one interactional term (hyperactivity by performance level) had an impact on deviance among girls.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

PubMed1999

[Mediative behavior therapy in complex behavioral problems. Illustrative cases from a psychogeriatric nursing home].

An application in a psychogeriatric nursing home. This article describes the application of mediative behaviour therapy in a psychogeriatric nursing home. Behavioural interventions carried out by the nursing team addressed a variety of problems: quarreling between an institutionalised woman and her visiting husband, complaining about this staff by the husband to team members of another department, and the patient who let herself drop on the floor about once a week. Special regard is given to the analysis of the problems, the learning of appropriate responses by team members, as well as changing their cognitions and emotions about the problem behaviours. A meaningful reduction of the problem behaviours and of the burden experienced by team members was achieved.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed2004

Emotional and behavioral problems of children living with drug-abusing fathers: comparisons with children living with alcohol-abusing and non-substance-abusing fathers.

Although the effects of paternal alcoholism on the psychosocial adjustment of children are well documented, the impact of fathers' illicit drug abuse on their children is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the adjustment of children living in families with drug-abusing fathers (n = 40) with that of children with fathers who abused alcohol (n = 40) and children with non-substance-abusing fathers (n = 40). Children with drug-abusing fathers experienced more internalizing and externalizing symptoms than children with alcoholic or non-substance-abusing fathers. Interparental conflict and parenting behavior mediated the relationship between family type and children's adjustment. Interventions to improve fathers' parenting behavior and reduce partner conflict may lead to better adjustment among custodial children of drug-abusing fathers.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Effect of tacrine on language, praxis, and noncognitive behavioral problems in Alzheimer disease.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of tacrine hydrochloride in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and detectable baseline deficits in discrete cognitive and noncognitive parameters who are enrolled in a previously reported multicenter, double-blind, 30-week trial. DESIGN: An exploratory analysis using last observation carried forward. The study population included a placebo group (n = 181) and all patients randomized to treatment within 160 mg/d of tacrine hydrochloride (n = 234), regardless of highest dose achieved or duration of tacrine therapy. STUDY POPULATION: Male and female subjects, at least 50 years of age, with mild to moderate AD and detectable baseline deficits in discrete cognitive and noncognitive parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change from baseline to last observation carried forward in discrete subscale scores of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS): cognitive (memory, language, praxis) and noncognitive (mood, behavior). Improvement was defined as a decrease of at least 1 point from baseline; stabilization was defined as no change or a decrease from baseline. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the percentage of patients receiving tacrine whose conditions improved or stabilized was significantly greater for 8 of 11 ADAS-cognitive items (word recall, word recognition, orientation, language production, comprehension, word finding, following commands, ideational praxis) and for the ADAS-noncognitive items: cooperation, delusions, and pacing. CONCLUSIONS: Tacrine stabilizes or improves specific behavioral deficits and symptoms in AD. The previous demonstration of tacrine's effect on global cognitive function has been extended by suggesting an association between tacrine therapy and improvements in individual cognitive and noncognitive items of the ADAS. Effects of tacrine in clinical practice might be more accurately and efficiently assessed by measuring individual ADAS cognitive and noncognitive items relevant to individual patient pretreatment clinical status.

Aged↗

PubMed1988

[The GIP. 14 observation scales for psychogeriatric behavior problems].

Compared with other methods of psychological assessment, the observation of behaviour shows some advantages, especially when standardised rating scales are used. Such a scale is developed for use in psychogeriatric nursing homes, geriatric wards of psychiatric hospitals and daycare units: the Gedragsobservatieschaal voor de Intramurale Psychogeriatrie (GIP). Scales that already existed were too limited or tested insufficiently. Rasch analyses are used to develop fourteen separate subscales of the GIP.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

The association between psychopathology in fathers versus mothers and children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems: a meta-analysis.

In light of the selective focus on maternal (vs. paternal) psychopathology as a risk factor for child development, this meta-analysis examines the relative strength of the association between psychopathology in mothers versus fathers and the presence of internalizing and externalizing disorders in children. Associations were stronger between maternal than paternal psychopathology and the presence of internalizing (but not externalizing) problems in children, with all average effect sizes being small in magnitude. Relations were moderated by variables that highlight theoretically relevant differences between psychopathology in mothers versus fathers (e.g., age of children studied, type of parental psychopathology) and by variables related to methodological differences across studies (e.g., method of assessing psychopathology in parents and children, type of sample recruited, familial composition).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

[Genetics of human behavior: problems, results and prospects].

In this paper, the main problems of modern behaviour genetics of man are formulated and methods for their study proposed. As a result of the Mendelian analysis of some psychometric scales of personality inventories, a major-gene mode of inheritance is found for 20% of scales of three questionnaires: MMPI, 16 PF and the Pathocharacterologic Diagnostic Inventory (PDI). Perspectives of further studies in the field of human behaviour genetics are outlined.

Genetics, Behavioral↗

PubMed2000

Expressed emotion, parenting stress, and adjustment in mothers of young children with behavior problems.

Expressed Emotion (EE), a measure of the emotional climate of the family, predicts subsequent adjustment of adults with mental disorder (Leff & Vaughn, 1985). Despite the acknowledged importance of the family in childhood disorders, there have been relatively few studies of expressed emotion with adolescents and school-aged children and virtually none focused on preschoolers. The present study utilized the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) to examine how Expressed Emotion relates concurrently and longitudinally to child problem status in a community sample of 112 preschool-aged children. At preschool, the proportion of high EE increased significantly across three child groups: Comparison (8.1%), Borderline Problem (15.8%), and High Problem (41.2%); however, preschool EE was not predictive of subsequent child status at 1st grade. Expanded FMSS codes. tapping positive affect and worry about the child, were also related to child problem group at preschool and were predictive of subsequent child status at 1st grade. Because parents' stress and adjustment were also highly related to child problem group status, we examined whether the FMSS codes were essentially a proxy for these or whether they explained unique variance. In two stepwise regressions on preschool child group status (divided by total problems and by externalizing problems), maternal stress was the only variable to enter. Also, in predicting to 1st grade externalizing child group status, only maternal stress entered. Discussion focused on the extension of the EE construct and other FMSS coding to young children, and the need to recognize that to some extent these variables may reflect maternal stress and adjustment.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Self-reported competence and emotional and behavioral problems in a sample of Finnish adolescents.

The Youth Self-Report (YSR) was completed by 586 15- to 16-year-old Finnish adolescents. The internal consistency of the YSR problem scales ranged from 0.61 to 0.90. Girls reported significantly more internalizing, withdrawn, somatic, anxious-depressive thought and attention problems. The adolescent was defined as having maladjustment if he she had used mental health services or had more severe problems than the peer group according to parent or self-report (11% of the sample). There were significant differences at the 0.001 level on all YSR scales between maladjustment and non-maladjustment groups. In logistic regression analysis anxious-depressive and delinquency scales had the strongest association with maladjustment. The results are compared with results from previous population-based studies using the YSR in Nordic countries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Identifying children with school learning and behavior problems served by interdisciplinary clinics and hospitals.

Questionnaires were sent to interdisciplinary UAF programs across the country to assess the types of handicapped school children who were receiving services at their facilities. A return rate of 65 percent was obtained and the total sample of children was 2088. Results indicated that a wide variety of ages and handicapping conditions were reported. Referral sources and services rendered were analyzed, and implications for cooperation with public school personnel were discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Motivational readiness and the participation of children with learning and behavior problems in psychoeducational decision making.

Efficacy of a brief cognitive-affective intervention to enhance motivational readiness for participating in a psychoeducational decision-making conference was explored. Although outcomes specific to the preconference intervention were not found, findings of relevance to the hypothesized positive relationship between motivational readiness and actual participation in decision making are reported. The positive and negative findings are discussed in terms of implications for enhancing motivational readiness and for understanding the limited impact of skill training to improve participation and decision making.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Behavior problems in patients with dementia. The impact on the career life].

Many studies have suggested that caring for patients with dementia may be associated with increased burden, particularly when subjects present with prominent behavioural problems. The present work aimed to review studies appearing on MedLine between 1990 and January 1998 that included the following keywords: 'burden or impact or cost' and 'dementia or Alzheimer's disease' and 'carer or caregiver or caregiving or family'. Only fourteen of the studies retrieved fulfilled the entry criteria for this review: crossectional or longitudinal studies looking at the association between behavioural problems in patients with dementia and burden of carers. All studies indicated that behavioural disturbances are an important cause of burden, although there was little consistency on the definition of 'behavioural disturbances'. As a consequence, it is still unclear which behavioural symptoms are more closely associated with increased burden of care. Future research in the area should aim to clarify these issues and develop management strategies to decrease burden on carers of patients with dementia.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Complexity of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in very young children with language and/or behavior problems].

Any partial, prolonged treatment schedule undertaken without a sufficient elaboration of the initial diagnosis and without the possibility of mobilizing the family, will lead to failure. There is no such thing as a linear causality, but rather a host of determining factors where the psychic reality both of the child and of his or her environment plays a preponderant part. We are faced with paradoxical situations. These very young, dysharmonic children cannot be "dealt with" by stimulating approaches. Distance is essential. The analysis of our transfer and of our counter-transfer must be carefully undertaken as from the very first referral.

Child Behavior Disorders↗

PubMed1980

A short term community based early stage intervention program for behavior problem youth.

Describes an early stage intervention program for delinquent youths, a short term (6-month) and long term (2.7-year) follow-up evaluation. The program consists of three integral parts: (1) working with children through camping; (2) family therapy; and (3) working with the child's school. Youths (247) (X age = 11.4) participated over a 3-year period in short-term camping expeditions. Primary therapy is accomplished through cooperation for survival, meals, planning and utilization of peak experiences. The child's family was involved in learning coping skills, problem solving, etc. Relevant information and strategies were shared with the schools to aid the child further. The short term follow-up revealed significance on 15 of 17 criterion items. The long term follow-up clearly indicates an overall positive trend in support of the program. Selection and evaluation instruments, criteria, and the 16PF are discussed. Further investigations to isolate and study the effects of camping, family therapy, and the schools are being planned.

Adolescent↗