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PubMed2001

Implementation of the ART approach in South Africa: an activity report.

The Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach has been adopted in public dental services in South Africa as an appropriate and economical means to provide basic restorative care in communities where it was not possible before. The approach also offers a less-traumatic treatment concept for fearful patients and children in the private dental practice. In 2000, the Division of Community Dentistry, University of the Witwatersrand, implemented a training, research and service programme in the ART approach. The aim of these activities was the promotion of ART at various levels within the oral health care system in the Republic of South Africa. The objectives of the programme were to initiate and provide training of oral health workers in ART, to evaluate the outcome of training and service programmes and to disseminate results. This paper describes the Division's ART activities in 2000, regarding public, private and refugee health services.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis of secondary caries.

A systematic review of the diagnosis of dental caries was produced before the conference. It did not include the diagnosis of secondary or recurrent caries. This was a wise decision because what little literature exists on the subject potentially clouds the issue. Diagnosis is a mental resting place on the way to a treatment decision. A vital part of caries diagnosis is to decide whether a lesion is active and rapidly progressing or already arrested. This information is essential to plan logical management. However, lesion activity should be judged in the patient. Thus, research on the diagnosis of secondary caries must be carried out in vivo and this usually precludes histological validation. Even if such validation is possible, it has its own problems, particularly in distinguishing recurrent from residual caries. The diagnosis of secondary caries is very important since so many restorations are replaced because dentists think there is a new decay. It will be important to establish valid criteria for the diagnosis of active secondary caries, which will be facilitated by the suggestion that secondary caries is no different from primary caries except that it occurs next to a filling. This implies that it can be seen clinically and on a radiograph, next to a restoration.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed2001

Trends in treatment performed in the Phelophepa Dental Clinic: 1995-2000.

Mobile clinics are a cost-effective method of meeting the dental needs of rural communities in South Africa. Phelophepa, the first primary health care train of its kind world-wide, provides eye care, education, medicine, basic health care and since June 1995 dental treatment to rural communities. All services are rendered by students under supervision of qualified staff. The aim of this study was to analyse and report the data for treatment performed in the dental clinic from June 1995 to May 2000. During its first five years of operation, dental services were provided at 183 towns in all provinces except Gauteng. Of the 42,073 patients treated during this time (an average of 229.9 per town), 67.4% were adults. 71.3% of the 103,283 procedures performed were extractions, 15.7% could be classified as preventive with the remaining 13% as restorative procedures. The average value of the service provided to each patient was R218.53. The exposure of dental, dental therapy and oral hygiene students to rural areas of South Africa serves the important purpose of sensitising students to the realities of oral diseases in these communities.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Quantify quality].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Restoration, Permanent↗
PubMed2000

Enhanced resilience and esthetics in a Class IV restoration.

The purpose of this article is to give the reader a better understanding of the complex restorative challenge in achieving true harmonization of the primary parameters in esthetics (i.e., color, shape, and texture) represented by the replacement of a single anterior tooth. The case presented demonstrates the restoration of a Class IV fracture taking esthetic consideration of the anatomic variations of the adjacent teeth to produce a direct composite resin in harmony with the surrounding dentition. The basic procedure includes tooth preparation, development of the body layer, internal characterization with tints, development of the artificial enamel layers, shaping and contouring, and polishing. In understanding the total morphology of a tooth and using natural teeth as the basis for morphological thinking, the clinician possesses the knowledge to create restorations with a more natural appearance. Use of a recently developed optimized-particle composite and this morphological thinking allowed the author to achieve a restoration in harmony with the surrounding dentition. Continuing technological breakthroughs allow the clinician to implement and maximize new products to attain more predictable and esthetic results as demonstrated by this methodological protocol of incremental application of composite resins and modifiers to transform the Class IV fracture into a final restoration that mimics nature.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Esthetic restorations designed with confidence and predictability.

When the ProCAD product line is used in combination with the CEREC system, clinicians have at their disposal an armamentarium of materials with which to achieve greater predictability, precision, and control in fabricating chairside all-ceramic restorations. At a time when time is the dentist's and patient's most precious commodity, the ProCAD line enables clinicians to definitively restore form, function, and esthetics in a single visit, regardless of the specific individual indirect treatment indication (Figures 13A through 13C, and 14A through 14C).

Cementation↗
PubMed1996

[Occlusion-building with tooth-colored restoration materials].

Severe localized or generalized tooth wear will result in loss of vertical dimension. Rehabilitation of the dimensional height is often required. A causal approach is the choice of preference to prevent progression of destructive processes. However, the etiology of pathological wear is not yet clarified, so reversible and non-destructive tooth saving restorative procedures are essential. For adjustment and stabilization of the occlusion of CMD problems the philosophy and treatment approach are similar. Tooth coloured adhesive restorations can be fabricated in different manners, directly and indirectly. In this article treatment objectives for occlusal rehabilitation are described and two cases presented where tooth coloured restorations are used.

Color↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surface finish of a new hybrid aesthetic restorative material.

This study compared the surface finish of a new hybrid aesthetic restorative material (Reactmer) over time to four different types of existing materials. The latter included a composite (Spectrum TPH), a compomer (Dyract AP) and conventional (Fuji II) and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Fuji II LC). Six specimens of each material were fabricated and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for one week. The materials were subsequently finished with a series of Sof-Lex contouring and polishing disks. The average surface roughness (Ra, microm) of each specimen was measured at three days and three months by a surface profilometer. Storage medium was distilled water at 37 degrees C during the hiatus periods. Data was analyzed by ANOVA/Scheffe's and independent samples t-tests at significance level 0.05. At both time periods, Fuji II and Fuji II LC were significantly rougher than Spectrum, Dyract and Reactmer. For all materials, surface roughness at three days was not significantly different from that at three months. The surface finish of the giomer (Reactmer) was significantly better than conventional/resin-modified glass ionomer cements and comparable to the composite and compomer evaluated. The quality of surface finish for all materials was not significantly affected by long-term storage in water.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

[Comparative in vitro evaluation of color and color stability of composite and ceramic ionomer materials for esthetic repair of teeth].

Comparative colorimetric evaluation of shades and translucency of different samples, fabricated from Filtec Z-250, Unirest, Dyract AP and Vitremer, shows, that differences in their compositions and industrial technologies result to great differences between the shades of the same number of Vita Shade Guide. The less color stability after long term action by foods media to the samples was found for the glass ionomer cement. The best color stability was found for composites, partially, for Unirest. All of these, let us conclude, that the main changes, not only in shades, but in translucency of materials, as a result the action of model media, take place at the early periods (the first month). Usually, the most main changes in restorative materials take place in this period of beginning and connect with the end of setting processes and achieving the balances between water absorption and solubility.

Color↗