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PubMed1989

Effect of topical prostaglandin D2 on the aqueous humor dynamics in rabbits.

Effects of topically applied prostaglandin (PG) D2 on the aqueous outflow facility, uveoscleral flow, and aqueous flow rate were studied in rabbits to reveal its intraocular pressure (IOP)-reducing mechanism. The outflow facility after PGD2 application (50 micrograms) as measured by 2-min tonography was 0.19 microliters/min/mm Hg and did not differ from that before the application (0.22) or from that of the control contralateral eye (0.21). Direct measurement of the uveoscleral flow by perfusion of the anterior chamber for 30 min with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran solution showed the flow rate to be about 0.15 microliters/min in indomethacin-treated (10 mg/kg, i.p.) rabbits. In these animals, PGD2 (50 micrograms) was ineffective in changing the flow rate, while PGF2 alpha (50 micrograms) significantly increased the flow by about 35%. Indirect assessment of the effects of PGs on this flow system was made using the uveoscleral flow-antagonizing ability of topical pilocarpine (1.5 mg). IOP reduction by PGD2 (50 micrograms) was only slightly inhibited by pilocarpine, while that by PGF2 alpha (10 micrograms) was markedly reduced. Aqueous flow rate measured fluorophotometrically was about 3.5 microliters/min in normal eyes. After PGD2 (50 micrograms) the flow rate was significantly reduced to 3.0 microliters/min. The magnitude of this reduction was estimated to be enough to account for the IOP reduction after application of 50 micrograms of PGD2. These results indicate that IOP reduction caused by topical PGD2 application is due mostly to the inhibition of aqueous flow rate.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

Effect of oral administration of vitamin C on human aqueous humor ascorbate concentration.

AIM: To study oral administration of vitamin C on human aqueous humour ascorbate concentration. METHODS: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrochemical detector (ECD) was used. The effect of oral administration of various doses of ascorbic acid, 0 (control), 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, and 5.0 g, on its concentration in aqueous humour, obtained from volunteer cataract patients was studied. RESULTS: The concentration of ascorbic acid in aqueous humour of control group (without administration of vitamin-C tablet or drug containing ascorbic acid was (254 +/- 119) mg.L-1. This study revealed that the administration of 2.0 g of ascorbic acid saturate the aqueous humour and further increase in the dose (3.0 g and 5.0 g) did not increase its concentration in aqueous humour, although its concentration was increased in plasma. CONCLUSION: Oral administration of 2.0 g of Vc is sufficient to saturate the aqueous humour where it may be helpful in controlling the intra-ocular pressure.

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