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PubMed1975

[The tumor-tetanus assay--experimental studies on the biological differentiation between carcinogenesis and organ regeneration of the rat (author's transl)].

The characteristic clostridial growth which is testable, after systemic administration of tetanus spores, as a positive tumour tetanus - correlation, was manifested by a highly selective tetanus lethality of rats with progressive hepatomas following induction with dimethylaminoazobenzene and diethylnitrosamine, respectively, as well as with methylcholanthren-induced fibrosarcomas of the rat. Control tumours with transplantable Walker carcinoma cells anYoshida sarcoma cells also developed tetanus most frequently whereas healthy tumour-free rats did not show any signs of tetanus for the period of observation. There was strict time-dose-relationship of tetanus after partial hepatectomy, using the same injection technique of the spores, in sofar as the spores injected 24 hours postoperatively caused tetanus as opposed to the completely negative results following spore administration 4 days postoperatively. The mean tetanus survival time of the rats with regeneration of the liver roughly corresponded to that of the wound regeneration assay using pregant rats post partum. The interpretation of these results allows for demonstrating a fairly good agreement between the growth capacity of tumour cells on the one hand and the permanently strong tetanus reactivity on the other, as compared with the time-limited "take" and course of tetanus following regeneration of the liver.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1990

Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infections and their relationships to lymphoid malignancies in cats: a retrospective study (1968-1988).

Sera from 353 cats with naturally occurring feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection were collected in Boston, Los Angeles, New York City, and Seattle between 1968 and 1988. These sera were retrospectively assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Fifty-one (14.4%) of the FeLV-positive sera had antibodies to FIV, indicating dual oncovirus and lentivirus infections. FIV infections were confirmed by Western blot analysis, antibodies against the 15 and 27 kDa proteins being used as definitive markers. FIV infection was diagnosed in one cat sampled in 1968 and in eight other cats sampled before 1975 in New York City. Illnesses exhibited by coinfected cats were similar to those of cats infected with FeLV only. Two unrelated cats with multicentric fibrosarcomas were found to be simultaneously infected with FIV, FeLV, and feline sarcoma virus. FIV was less contagious than FeLV in 73 cats residing in an exposure household between 1977 and 1980 as determined by evaluation of sera collected sequentially. In this household, 15 resident cats became FeLV infected whereas no cats contracted FIV infection. Comparison of serologic results from 53 cats with leukemia/lymphoma and matched controls confirmed a strong correlation between FeLV viremia and leukemia/lymphoma. A significant correlation between FIV infection and lymphoproliferative malignancies was also found independent of FeLV infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunosuppressive properties of a virion polypeptide, a 15,000-dalton protein, from feline leukemia virus.

The 15,000-molecular-weight polypeptide (p15) of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was shown to impair normal lymphocyte function in vitro and to abrogate immunity to feline oncornavirus disease in vivo. FeLVp15 suppressed concanavalin A-induced blast transformation of normal feline lymphocytes by 68%, while other virion proteins had no effect. p15 suppression was not due to toxicity, nor was p15 a competitive inhibitor of concanavalin A binding. Capping of receptors for concanavalin A on normal feline lymphocytes also was inhibited by either inactivated FeLV or FeLV p15. Groups of cats were immunized with either killed feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen bearing tumor cells or tumor cells plus FeLV p15. After challenge with feline sarcoma virus, three of four p15-treated cats developed progressive fatal fibrosarcoma as compared to one of five non-p15-treated cats. The cats receiving p15 also had lower cytotoxic antibody titers against feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (mean peak titer, 1:6) than did the non-p15 group (1:74). These data support the hypothesis that the immunosuppression in cats infected with FeLV is mediated by FeLV p15.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

In vivo antitumor effect of lymphokine-activated rodent polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

In vivo tumor inhibitory activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) treated in vitro with lymphokine(s) (LK) was investigated with Winn's assay. Culture supernatants of BALB/c mouse spleen cells incubated with a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, were used as an LK source. With the use of a [3H]uridine release assay, RL male-1 tumor cells were lysed to some extent by peritoneal BALB/c mouse PMN treated with this LK preparation. With Winn's assay, LK-treated PMN from BALB/c mice completely inhibited the growth of the admixed syngeneic tumor at a high effector to target ratio, when normal mice were used as recipients. When X-irradiated mice or nude mice were used as recipients, the tumor growth was partially inhibited by admixed LK-treated PMN, but the tumor began to grow gradually and finally killed the recipient mice, even when a high effector target ratio was used. When nude mice which had been given i.v. transfers of nylon wool column effluent spleen cells were used as recipients, the tumor inhibitory activity of LK-treated PMN was recovered to the same level as when normal mice were used as recipients. On the other hand, tumor inhibition by admixed LK-treated PMN in nude mice was not recovered by the transfer of X-irradiated nylon column effluent T-cells. As a mechanism of tumor inhibition by LK-treated PMN, a possible role of LK-treated PMN in reduction of tumor load is discussed.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMed1987

Resection of the distal tibia in bone tumours.

The authors report five cases of tumour of the distal tibia treated by resection and reconstruction by autoplastic grafting and tibiotarsal arthrodesis with fixation by a Kuntscher nail or a plate. This type of surgery is indicated for the treatment of benign tumours, aggressive pseudotumours (Enneking stage 3), or for Enneking stage 1A or 2A malignant tumours. Infection was the most frequent complication (2 out of 5 cases, both of which healed after surgical cleansing). The long-term functional results were good in all cases, and there was neither pseudoarthrosis nor recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of vitamin A and C status in normal and malignant conditions and their possible role in cancer prevention.

A comparative study has been made on the levels of vitamins A and C in normal and malignant conditions in human and murine subjects. Further, the effect of supplemental vitamins A and C on tumor take, host-survival and tumor growth have been studied in a number of transplantable and induced tumors in mice. The vitamins were assayed in sera samples from normal subjects, patients with cancer of the uterine cervix or ovary, and leukemia and lymphoma patients. Among the murine group the tumors included sarcoma 180 in solid and ascitic form, benzo[a]pyrene-induced fibrosarcoma, Dalton's ascitic lymphoma and Schwartz lymphoblastic leukemia. The serum level of vitamin C was found to be lower than that of the normal controls in all cases studied. The level of vitamin A was found to be higher in cancer patients in the human group and lower in the murine group when compared with their normal controls. Studies on murine tumors showed that supplementary vitamins administered at the initial phase of tumor development reduced the percentage tumor take and the rate of tumor growth, and improved host survival, indicating that these vitamins have a protective role in the murine system.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Systemic chemotherapy with super-high dose cisplatin and sodium thiosulfate (STS) rescue in mice].

We have devised a new systemic chemotherapy using cisplatin (DDP) with sodium thiosulfate (STS) rescue; basically, STS was given repeatedly 6 hours after DDP administration combined with metoclopramide. The effect of STS-rescue on the antitumor activity of DDP was studied using a BALB/c syngeneic fibrosarcoma (KKN-1). A graded dose of DDP was given i.p. with or without STS-rescue and its effects were evaluated according to N. C. I. protocol. A DDP dose-related antitumor activity was observed and the minimal effective doses were calculated as 8.2 and 9.8 mg/kg for groups treated with DDP alone and with STS-rescue, respectively. When STS-rescue was combined, however, super-high doses of DDP (9-16.5mg/kg) could be administered and this resulted in a 52% increase in chemotherapy index.

Animals↗