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Results for “Cervical Mucus Method”

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PubMed1991

Further analysis of contraceptive failure of the ovulation method.

Reanalysis of data on the ovulation method of natural family planning collected by the World Health Organization yields the following conclusions. The method is effective during perfect (correct and consistent) use, with a first-year probability of failure of 3.4%. However, it is extremely unforgiving of imperfect use, with a first-year probability of failure of 84.2% if the method is not used correctly. During the initial year, 87% of the cycles were characterized by perfect use. Nevertheless, the 13% of cycles characterized by imperfect use had a tremendous impact on the overall failure rate. During the first year of typical use 22.5% of the women in the clinical trial became accidentally pregnant.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and intimacy: a comparison among couples using NFP and oral contraceptives.

The purpose of this study was to compare the intimacy, spiritual well being (SWB), and self-esteem of couples using natural family planning (NFP) with those couples using oral contraceptives (OCs). 22 couples who were using the Creighton Model Ovulation Method of NFP for 1 year to avoid pregnancy were matched with 22 couples who were using OCs for a least a 1-year period and administered a SWB, self-esteem, and intimacy inventory. Student t-tests were calculated to determine differences in the mean scores of the 3 inventories between the 2 groups. The results showed that the NFP couples had statistically higher self-esteem (T=3.15, p0.01), SWB (T=4.25. p0.001), and intellectual intimacy (T=2.53, p0.05) than the OC couples. There were no differences in emotional, social, recreational, and sexual intimacy between the groups. Although the results provide some evidence that NFP can enhance a couple's relationship, other factors such as a sampling bias and educational levels could explain the difference.

Americas↗

PubMed1986

Correlation of vaginal hormonal cytograms with cervical mucus symptoms as observed by women using the ovulation method of natural family planning.

The first study was done in which vaginal hormonal cytograms were correlated with cervical mucus symptoms as charted by women using the ovulation method of natural family planning. Daily vaginal smears obtained by 67 women during 78 menstrual cycles provided the basis of the study. The women had used the ovulation method for at least three cycles and were not breast-feeding. All vaginal smears examined cytologically had a microbiologic diagnosis of lactobacilli. All the vaginal hormonal cytograms revealed ovulatory-type patterns. Karyopyknotic index (KPI) peak correlated with peak mucus day +/-2 days in 74, or 94.9%, of the cases, with a mean of peak mucus at +0.14 days. The average number of mucus days prior to the KPI peak was 6.1. Seven women also provided daily blood specimens for bioassay of luteinizing hormone (LH). KPI peaked with a mean of 0.7 days after the LH peak.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Impact of estrous synchronization methods on cellular proportions in cervical mucus and serum hormone concentrations.

The objective of this study was to examine cytological changes of cervical mucus following the induction of estrus with intra-vaginal drug release (CIDR) devices in dairy cows. Sixty healthy Holstein Frisian cows, averaging 80 (+/-10) days post-partum, were selected from a commercial dairy farm around Shiraz. Cows in the control group were synchronized by the Ovsynch protocol. Cows in the second group (OV+CIDR) were subjected to the same Ovsynch protocol but in addition were administered a progesterone-releasing CIDR. Cows in the third group (OV+S-CIDR) were subjected to Ovsynch procedures but received the skeleton of a CIDR device, which did not release progesterone. Cows in the fourth group (E2+CIDR) received a progesterone releasing CIDR but were injected with estradiol benzoate. Cows in group 5 (E2+S-CIDR) received a CIDR skeleton and estrodial benzoate. CIDR devices were removed from cows in groups 2-4 and all cows were injected with PGF2alpha on day -3. Blood samples and cervical mucus discharges were collected from all cows on days -10, -3, 0 and 12 relative to AI. On the day of AI, the mean+/-S.D. percentage of neutrophils was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the S-CIDR+OV and S-CIDR+E2 groups than in Ovsynch group. Comparing the percentage of neutrophils in cervical mucus of Ovsynch group (less than 1%) with that of other treatment groups on the day of AI (from 5 to 39%) revealed the influential effect of a CIDR device on the reproductive tract. Results of the current study did not reveal hormonal effects but did identify mechanical effects of CIDRs on cell percentages in cervical mucus. The hormonal effects were probably masked by mechanical effects. Therefore, we were not able to confirm hormonal effects on proportions of different cells in cervical mucus. Consequently, additional research on hormonal effects and the mechanical effects of CIDR on the uterus is required.

Administration, Intravaginal↗

PubMed1983