PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Community Participation”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Qualitative methodologies and community participation in examining reproductive experiences: the Harlem Birth Right Project.

OBJECTIVES: Racial disparities in health present a challenge to public health because of the complexity of interacting social forces. The Harlem Birth Right Project sought to improve understanding of these forces by using qualitative and community participatory methods. In this paper we 1) describe the process of qualitative inquiry and community involvement, 2) evaluate the impact of community participation, and 3) present a brief summary of the findings on social context as it relates to pregnancy outcomes of women in Harlem. METHODS: We operationalized the qualitative method by combining participant observation, longitudinal case studies, and focus groups. An ethnographic survey was used to verify and triangulate findings across methods of data collection. We involved the community in the design, implementation, and analysis by collaborating with community-based organizations, setting up a community advisory board, and the use of dialogue groups and community meetings. RESULTS: The use of qualitative methods and community partnership uncovered important aspects of the social context of women's lives that may not have emerged through traditional epidemiologic research. We found that pregnancy may serve as a catalyst to increase perception of the magnitude of preexisting social stressors. Several stressors and chronic strains associated with structural forces were identified. For example, the high percentage of households headed by women is seen as one consequence of larger structural forces. While social support networks serve as an important coping mechanism to buffer against the stress caused by these structural forces, the types of support women seek differs by social strata, and some strategies were identified as being substantially more effective than others. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative and community participatory research can be successfully conducted to support public health goals and can derive important new information on the social context of women's lives.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1996

[Seven theses on health education for community participation]

This article attempts to establish some postulates to orient health education aimed at promoting community participation. Theories on human action serve as the point of departure for establishing two currents of thought explaining action or non-action by people. Two working principles are proposed, i.e., that it is necessary to both know and rely on human beings. These two principles are expressed in two premises: "Only by knowing individuals and their living circumstances is it possible to take efficient and on-going action in health," and "No one can care for someone else's health if that person does not wish to do so himself/herself." The author goes on to raise seven theses: 1. There is no such thing as one person knowing and another not knowing; rather, there are two people who know distinct things. 2. Education is imparted not only through educational programs, but in all health-related action. 3. Ignorance is not a void to be filled, but a plenitude to be changed. 4. Education should be dialogical and participatory. 5. Education should reinforce people's self-confidence. 6. Education should seek to reinforce the effort-achievement model of knowledge. 7. Education should promote individual responsibility and collective cooperation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Community participation in natural resources management: reality or rhetoric? Lessons learnt from the Kasanka Game Management Area (GMA) communities, Serenje District, Zambia.

In the developing world, the term 'participation' has in recent years become a household word in the same way that 'democracy' or 'gender' have. Development agencies are demanding increased participation in their programmes. The use of the word or its application has become a centre of debate. Due to the difficulties involved in measuring 'participation' or indeed determining levels at which participation should take place, who participates and when, many 'doubting Thomases' have questioned its effectiveness. It has, however been acknowledged in many areas that popular participation changes policies and enhances management and governance. In complex issues of natural resources management, participatory techniques have helped communities develop collective responsibilities towards management of their resources and projects. This paper discusses the complexities of community participation in natural resources management, ranging from interrelations among stakeholders to resource ownership based on the experiences in the Kasanka Game Management Area (KGMA).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community participation in rural health care.

Shortage of health professionals in rural health is a reality with which health care providers in Cameroon are battling and will continue for some time to come. In the meantime, while attempts are being made to solve the problem by increase in the training of health personnel there are alternative approaches which offer some solutions. One of these approaches is community participation. This can take several forms, some of which we shall describe in this paper. In the context of this paper we consider community health in its wide sense of disease prevention and disease treatment.

Cameroon↗
PubMed1998

Preventing Halloween arson in an urban setting: a model for multisectoral planning and community participation.

Arson is a violent crime and a public health problem that causes injuries and deaths, destroys homes, and destabilizes neighborhoods. During the late 1970s, pre-Halloween pranks in Detroit, Michigan, turned destructive when hundreds of fires were set deliberately throughout the city; in 1984, a record of 810 fires were set during the Halloween period. In 1985, a city wide anti-arson campaign that involved the mobilization and training of thousands of community volunteers was begun in Detroit. This report describes the multiple components of the anti-arson intervention from 1985 through 1996 and changes in the incidence of Halloween fires. Both the decrease in annual Halloween arson fires after the intervention began and the inverse relationship between the number of volunteers and the number of fires suggest a causal effect. This study illustrates the capacity of an urban community to mobilize its residents and stakeholders, the importance of community participation and multisectoral partnerships in program planning and implementation, and the challenges faced in retrospectively evaluating an apparently successful, complex, community-based intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Extension of health service coverage using primary care and community participation strategies.

PAHO's Directing Council recently requested a special Health Ministers' meeting to examine the subject of extended health coverage and to look into adjustments needed to achieve goals established in this field with all possible speed. The present document, which was prepared for that meeting, outlines the basic concepts involved in extending health coverage through adapted and expanded primary care and community participation. Its principal purpose is to serve as a reference source for subsequent analyses that PAHO's member countries will wish to carry out.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1991

[Enlarged program of vaccination and community participation in Benin].

The lack of financial resources to make function health services and non implication of community in the management of the system is one of the major constraints to the improvement of health african populations. Within the EPI and to sustain its results, community financing has been implemented in order to focus on the resolution of the health problems of mother and child. The present analysis of the results of community financing in 166 health centers confirms the hope placed on this system which is one aspect of community participation. The cost recovery level of peripheral health services remains globally satisfactory. A better immunization coverage is noticed in the centers that benefit from this system compared to the others.

Benin↗
PubMed2004

[Dengue vector control and community participation in Catanduva, São Paulo State, Brazil].

This study aimed to identify changes in knowledge and practices learned to prevent dengue fever in two areas of Catanduva, São Paulo State, from 1999 to 2001: a study area and a control area. The study included an initial quantitative survey, qualitative research, a preliminary diagnosis presented to the community to launch a discussion aimed at defining future actions, implementation of the actions in the study area with community participation (but without changes in the control area), and a final comparison of the two areas. Changes in the study area included: vector control workers began demonstrating preventive measures without removing potential breeding places or using larvicide; use of educational aids specific to the local reality; activities related to the residents priorities; and activities such as music, theater skits, scavenger hunts, and games to demonstrate the vector cycle. Potential domiciliary breeding sites were significantly reduced; the proportion of houses without breeding sites was significantly increased; and there was an increase in the percentage of individuals who recognized the larval form of the vector in the study area as compared to the control area.

Aedes↗
PubMed1992

Community participation in Quebec's health system: a strategy to curtail community empowerment?

Since the beginning of the 1970s, the province of Quebec has undergone a major reform of its health and social services system. Following this reform, the state has become a major protagonist, and the participation of the population is a built-in element in the system, guaranteed by law. Now, about 20 years later, there is a major effort to reorganize health services, in the wake of a "dewelfarization" mood that has reached Canada and Quebec. This article reviews the successes and pitfalls of public participation in Quebec's health system, presents the way in which participation is dealt with in current reform proposals, and draws lessons for people in many countries who have recently been encouraged to jump onto the bandwagon of participation as a strategy to promote the health of populations.

Community Health Centers↗
PubMed1980

Rural water and sanitation. Community participation in appropriate water supply and sanitation technologies: the mythology for the Decade.

The International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-90) is almost upon us. During this period, massive international efforts will be made to accelerate the provision of domestic water supply and sanitation facilities for the rural population of developing countries. Certain concepts and approaches are being developed and promoted as guiding themes that will help to steer and coordinate the activities of the Decade. Among them are 'appropriate technology' 'community participation' and a 'village level' or 'user-choice' approach. The validity and importance of these concepts are discussed. It is concluded that these concepts are often applied in an over-simplified manner and that they divert attention away from the fundamental political and administrative realities that primarily determine the success or failure of rural water and sanitation programmes.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2002

The construction of community participation: village family planning groups and the Indonesian state.

Indonesia's family planning program has been one of the most effective in the developing world in promoting contraceptive use and contributing to fertility transition. In evaluating why the program has worked, analysts have given much credit to a network of village family planning groups that developed from the 1970s to the 1990s and that blanketed the archipelago. These groups, composed primarily of female volunteers, made contraception available to women in even the most remote parts of the country, and acted as agents of family planning motivation. They have been labeled by the Indonesian state family planning agency as an example of effective community participation on a national scale. In this paper, I investigate this claim and find it to be simplistic. I provide extensive evidence that the creation of this network was orchestrated by the Indonesian state. On the other hand, I show that these groups are not fully state entities, as they have several characteristics that mark them as socially embedded institutions. They are best labeled as unusual state-society hybrids. In my investigation I draw on one of the newest paradigms in the discipline of political science--the state-society approach--to uncover the odd nature of this family planning network. More deeply, I argue that the state-society approach ought to be adopted in family planning analysis on a comprehensive basis. The traditional organizational and social-demographic approaches that have dominated the field offer only limited understanding of the nature of family planning programs in developing countries. The state-society approach is ideally suited to identifying how family planning programs are institutions of a political nature, embedded in states and societies, and transformed by and transformative of each.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Olmstead decision: landmark opportunity or platform for rhetoric? Our collective responsibility for full community participation.

Occupational therapy's core values and founding beliefs reflect a commitment to the attainment of a self-directed life that enables full community participation. The reality that this desired outcome remains unattainable for millions of persons with disabilities due to the institutional bias of current public policies cannot be ignored. The Supreme Court's landmark Olmstead decision provides a judicial mechanism to right this fundamental injustice. The executive branch's response to the Olmstead decision, the New Freedom Initiative (NFI), offers the potential to finally end the societal segregation of persons with disabilities. Occupational therapy practitioners share a moral collective responsibility to advocate for the major systemic changes that will be needed to fully implement the NFI and achieve the promise of the Olmstead decision. By joining with the disability rights movement, occupational therapy practitioners can become effective activists to help persons with disabilities attain full participation in life.

Caregivers↗
PubMed1991

[Health instruction in adult education as instrument for community participation. Analysis of an experiment in La Nora (Murcia)].

AIM: The main aim of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of establishing stable contacts between the PC study and citizens' groups, in order to promote Health Education. The experience of Adult Education in a Health Centre, initiated by its Consejo de Salud (Health Council), was analysed. DESIGN: The study's methodology is of Participatory Research based on an earlier descriptive analysis, which had followed the educational input. PLACE: It takes place in a PCC and is a Community-based activity. PARTICIPANTS: The PC study, Adult Education teachers, the Social Health Department of the Faculty of Medicine and 136 adult students from nine villages in the rural area of La Nora (Murcia), took part in the study. ACTIVITIES: Essentially to develop a programme of Health Instruction within Adult Education, in order to encourage Community Participation. RESULTS: They focus on checking the effect of the programme on all the groups concerned and analysing the characteristics of the adult student body. CONCLUSIONS: The most important have been the generally positive feelings about the experiment and thus the possibility of tackling new ones. It was important that the study had been the fruit of a programme of Community Participation, with the Health Centre as the point of reference.

Adult↗