SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Computer Systems”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1974

Implementation of a British computer system for laboratory data handling.

This paper describes the development and implementation of a small real-time British computer system for the handling of patient and test result data in the chemical pathology laboratories of the King's Health District (Teaching). Work destined for subsequent reporting by the computer system is entered by continuous on-line teletype. Test result data from multichannel analyzers are input using an on-line trace reader. Cumulative reports are printed both by line printer at the central laboratory and by on-line teletypes at two peripheral hospital laboratories. In a working day over 4000 new items of data are generated and 300-500 reports printed. The use of a trace reader as an inputing device and the method of employing a high capacity disk to give both speed of operation and limited archive facility are discussed.

Computers↗

PubMed1987

Initial impact of a clinical laboratory computer system. Themes common to expectations and actualities.

A longitudinal study is being conducted of a clinical laboratory computer information system's impact. This paper reports on effects that laboratory directors anticipated prior to installation, and effects reported by laboratory technologists 7 months postimplementation. Primary changes caused by the computer system were increases in the amount of paper work performed by technologists, and improvements in laboratory results reporting. The system generally was well accepted, but laboratory technologists differed in their responses to it. Technologists in some laboratories focused on work increases, whereas in other laboratories they emphasized improved information flow. The paper considers how changes in processes and outcomes of work might affect responses to a computer system. It also considers the implementation process, and suggests some areas where management could benefit from an improved understanding of responses to a computer information system.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1995

The use of computer systems dedicated to day surgery.

As a management consulting firm and a system house which has developed computer systems specifically to support Day Surgery activities, we are often asked by nurses, doctors and managers of Day Surgery units to help clarify their needs for an information system. This article summarises the key questions which are asked, together with answers which we have given, based on our in-depth reviews at many hospitals which are reorganising and making significant investments in Day Surgery facilities.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed1995

Cooperative computer system for genome sequence analysis.

Analysis of the huge volumes of data generated by large scale sequencing projects clearly requires the construction of new sophisticated computer systems. These systems should be able to handle the biological data as well as the results of the analysis of this data. They should also help the user to choose the most appropriate method for a simple task and to string together the methods needed to solve a global analysis task. In this paper we present the prototype of a software system that provides an environment for the analysis of large-scale sequence data. In a first approach this environment has been put to the test within the B. subtilis sequencing project. This system integrates both a descriptive knowledge of the entities involved (genes, regulatory signals etc.) and the methodological knowledge concerning an extendable set of analytical methods (i.e. how to solve a sequence analysis problem through task decomposition and method selection). A knowledge representation based on two existing object-oriented models, named Shirka and SCARP, is used to implement this integrated system. In addition, the present prototype provides a suitable user interface for both displaying the results generated by several methods and interacting with the objects. We present in this paper an overview of the knowledge-based models used to build this integrated system, and a description of the way in which biological entities and sequence analysis tasks are represented. We give illustrations of the co-operation between user and system during the problem solving process. Such a system constitutes a computer workbench for molecular biologists studying the genetic programs of living organisms.

Bacillus subtilis↗

PubMed1995

Interactive computer system for tuning the cochlear 22-channel implant in young children.

A computer system has been developed that has a games computer and a vibrotactile device linked into the Cochlear Diagnostic and Programming System. It uses a child's response to a computer game as a way of eliciting initial electrical thresholds and of maintaining attention, so that a large number of thresholds may be measured in a single session. Results have given times of 15 and 35 minutes for initial programming of all 22 electrodes in two 4-year-olds, and the system has been found to be useful in children from 3 years to early teens.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1998

Computer system validation: an overview of official requirements and standards.

A brief overview of the relevant documents for companies in the pharmaceutical industry, which are to be taken into consideration to fulfil computer system validation requirements, is presented. We concentrate on official requirements and valid standards in the USA, European Community and Switzerland. There are basically three GMP-guidelines. their interpretations by the associations of interests like APV and PDA as well as the GAMP Suppliers Guide. However, the three GMP-guidelines imply the same philosophy about computer system validation. They describe more a what-to-do approach for validation, whereas the GAMP Suppliers Guide describes a how-to-do validation. Nevertheless, they do not contain major discrepancies.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1988

Semantically assisted medical bibliographic retrieval: an experimental computer system.

An experimental computer-based bibliographic retrieval system has been implemented to explore how semantic (conceptual) relationships between MeSH terms might assist the retrieval process. To construct the experimental system's database, lists of abstracts were produced using MEDLINE. Each list contained papers discussing a specified pair of terms. Each abstract was then analyzed to determine the specific relationship(s) between the two terms discussed in that paper. The project then explored how these semantic relationships could be incorporated into the computer to enhance bibliographic retrieval.

Information Systems↗

PubMed1986

[Use of a personal computer system at a cardio-pulmonary function laboratory for text processing, graphics and statistics].

To improve the off-line data processing a personal-computer-system was set up, including a HP-85A desk-computer with a dual-disc-drive, a plotter, a printer and a digitizer (graphical tablet). The application of the personal-computer-system is focused on the work up of medical reports and records, transformation of physiologic data into graphics (ergometric stress testing, myocardial function curve, lung mechanics) and on speeding up the flow and distribution of information. Further applications include a literature storage and retrieving system, the quantitative analysis of left ventricular wall motion by two dimensional echocardiography and a graphic aided system for medical statistics. Hopefully the data processing at a cardio-pulmonary function laboratory will lead to a better definition of diseased states in quantitative terms and by this support the rational basis for medical intervention. Slow communication of medical information is a critical factor in the practice of high quality medical care (cost/efficiency).

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1980

A computer system for the analysis and synthesis of field potentials.

It is shown how field potentials due to neuronal membrane processes can be computed by means of a digital computer system. The essence of the method consists in evaluating a discrete expression for the field potential as a function of membrane potentials. This expression is considered as a three-dimensional convolution. In the computer system this convolution is performed by multiplication in the spatial Fourier domain. Introduction of a density function provides the possibility of evaluating in an easy way the field potential of a population of neurons. To demonstrate the applicability of the system, field potentials of different membrane potential configurations in the brain have been computed.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

A computer system for combined neuronal mapping and morphometry.

A computer system has been developed which allows both mapping and planimetry of histological preparations. Data consist of cytoarchitectonic boundaries defined in low-power micrographs of thick sections, and nuclear and vascular profiles defined in high-power micrographs of semi-thin sections taken from the original thick tissue, and landmarks common to both. Data from these different preparations and magnifications are entered into the computer on a digitizing tablet and are stored as points in a real-world coordinate system, along with profile labels, landmarks for alignment purposes, and section depth. Subsequent programs determine parameters such as area and perimeter for each profile, as well as its geometric center and relationship to the cytoarchitectonic boundary. This mapping parameter allows morphometric analysis of profiles as a function of their position. Other programs allow display and manipulation of data in 3 dimensions, cell counts, and stereology. Data acquisition is done in the laboratory, using a micro-computer; analysis and display are done on a large time-sharing computer connected to the small machine by a telephone interface.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Computer system for a hospital microbiology laboratory.

An online computer system has been developed for a university hospital laboratory in microbiology that processes more than 125,000 specimens yearly. The system performs activities such as the printing of reports, fiscal and administrative tasks, quality control of data and technics, epidemiologic assistance, germ identification, and teaching and research in the different subspecialties of microbiology. Features of interest are smooth sequential transmission of clinical microbiologic test results from the laboratory to medical records, instantaneous display of all results for as long as 16 months, and updating of patient status, room number, and attending physician before the printing of reports. All data stored in the computer-file can be retrieved by any data item or combination of such. The reports are normally produced in the laboratory area by a teleprinter or by batch at night in case of mechanical failure of the terminal. If the system breaks down, the manually completed request forms can be sent to medical records. Programs were written in COBOL and ASSEMBLY languages.

Computers↗

PubMed1976

A computer system for handling data from bacterial sensitivity testing.

A computer system for handling data collected from antibiotic sensitivity testing of clinical bacterial isolates is described. The system allows a rapid handling of the information collected, supplying the ward and laboratory with cummulative data on each patient. The bacteriologist and the clinician are thus suitably armed when creating a rational antibiotic therapy.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

An unmanaged computer system can stop you dead.

Many businesses today are discovering that technology alone will not ensure the success of their information systems. In fact, the growing availability of computer-driven technology has made it harder for many companies to keep pace, and some have already fallen behind. Complicating this grim picture is a growing shortage of trained personnel. Such serious problems jeopardize not only the computer systems but the very existence of some companies, says Brandt Allen. Senior executives must become closely involved with their information systems to reassess and perhaps reorganize their computer resources. He details some measures for first aid and long-term care of the information system that should help to avert life-threatening situations.

Computers↗

PubMed1988

Ambulatory computer system for recording and controlling locomotion.

Description of an original miniature computer system capable of recording biomechanical parameters during locomotion, providing auditory signals which can be used in biofeedback locomotor learning, and triggering functional electrical stimulation of nerves and muscles at preselected moments in the locomotor cycle. The system, which is worn on the patient's back, is connected to appropriate gauges with which it is possible to measure knee angle and to record the time of heel contact with the ground. The relevant data are stored in the system memory and can be transferred to a microcassette and later displayed as a function of time on a video screen or printed on paper. The same data can be used on-line to provide a patient with a sound signal as a basis for biofeedback training. This kind of training has been successfully used to correct knee hyperextension during locomotion in hemiplegic patients. The system can also be used to trigger a stimulator and thus constitutes a valuable tool for investigations and treatments involving functional electrical stimulation. Many other applications may be developed, both in basic research and in various fields where motor training is required.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗

PubMed1991

Exploring the optometric application of expert computer systems: refractive error correction.

Using the commercially available shell programs NeuroShell and EXSYS, example-based and rule-based expert computer systems were developed to explore how such systems could be applied in an optometric environment. To demonstrate such an application, the example-based NeuroShell system was taught to prescribe sphere and cylinder powers for low refractive error myopes. When the system learned with only the chief complaint, habitual prescription and acuity through the habitual, and best refraction with resulting acuity, it predicted the sphere and cylinder powers prescribed by human optometrists within 0.25 diopter 97 and 98 percent of the time, respectively, for 60 test eyes. With a set of only three rules, the rule-based EXSYS system predicted sphere powers within 0.25 diopter of the prescribed powers for 100 percent of the 60 test eyes. Results with these very simple refractive problems suggest that teaching expert computer systems to prescribe ophthalmic lens corrections is possible, and further suggest that the concept could be extended to more complex and challenging patient populations.

Eyeglasses↗

PubMed1978

A dynamic computer system for the clinical laboratory.

The Clinical Laboratory Computer System currently in use at the Medical University of South Carolina is described. Not only is the existing hardware listed and shown in some detail, but also the workload, laboratory data center personnel, typical procedures, and examples of selected input and output documents are included. Particular emphasis is placed on the dynamic nature of the system, which allows the user to proceed easily in developing new programs as the requirements of the laboratory continue to change and grow. To illustrate this point, programs written by the user are described in general terms.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A computer system designed for a hospital transfusion service.

A computer system that enhances the efficiency of a hospital transfusion service is described. It reduces the possibility of clerical errors; shortens the time elapsed between the ordering and the delivery of blood products; decreases the outdating of these units; and provides easy access to medical, demographic, and statistical information.

Blood Banks↗

PubMed1988

[Use of a computer system in perinatal data collection].

We present a computer system for obstetrical and perinatological data collection. All deliveries of the years 1984, 1985, and 1986 have been collected with this data collection program, so that there is how a data base containing 7,975 data records. A relational data base was chosen for data collection and storage. Either off-line or on-line data collection is possible by medical users via menu monitoring. Various possibilities of use are described.

Birth Weight↗