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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

RadStation: client-based digital dictation system and integrated clinical information display with an embedded Web-browser.

RadStation is a digital dictation system having an integrated display of clinical information. The three-tiered system architecture provides robust performance, with most information displayed within one second after a request. The multifunctional client tier is a unique client/browser hybrid. A Web browser display window functions as the client application's data display window for clinical information, radiology reports, and laboratory and pathology results. RadStation provides a robust platform for digital dictation functionality. The system's internal status checks ensure operational integrity in a clinical environment. Also, the programmable dictation microphone and bar-code reader supplant the mouse as the system's primary input device. By merging information queries into existing work flow, radiologist's interpretation efficiency is maintained with instant access to essential clinical information. Finally, RadStation requires minimal training and has been enthusiastically accepted by our radiologists in an active clinical practice.

Computer Peripherals↗
PubMed2001

Displaying clinical data relationships using scaled rectangle diagrams.

A method is presented to draw rectangles to represent categorical data relationships. The idea is an adaptation of a scaled Venn diagram. Rectangles are drawn with area proportional to the frequency of categories and the rectangles are positioned to overlap each other so that the areas of overlap are in proportion to the joint frequencies of the characteristics. The diagrams are especially useful to illustrate symptom co-occurrence.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1987

Data acquisition and analysis of pulsatile signals using a personal computer: an application in cardiovascular physiology.

Software is described which collects and analyzes pulsatile analog signals using an APPLE PC and a modestly priced analog-digital interface. The program will input and output data, store and retrieve data to disk and display data on the monitor. Four types of data analysis determine mean, maximum and minimum values and frequency in various combinations. For example, the present program analyzes cardiovascular signals for heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, systolic, diastolic and mean pressures over a representative 10 s period. Simple modifications to the program are described which extend its range of application.

Computers↗
PubMed2005

Assessing reliable and clinically significant change on Health of the Nation Outcome Scales: method for displaying longitudinal data.

OBJECTIVE: Many authors recommended that reliable and clinically significant change (RCSC) should be calculated when reporting results of interventions. To test the reliability of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) in identifying RCSC, we applied the Jacobson and Truax model to two HoNOS assessments in a large group of people evaluated in 10 community mental health services in Lombardy, Italy, in 2000. METHOD: The HoNOS was administered to 9817 patients; of these, 4759 (48%) were re-assessed. Reliable change (RC) was calculated using Cronbach's alpha (alpha), as a parameter of the reliability of the measure. Clinical significance cut-offs were calculated using a classification of severity based on HoNOS items. RESULTS: In the whole sample, the clinical improvement cut-off was 11 and the remission cut-off was 5. Considering the severe patients, the clinical improvement cut-off was 12. The RC index calculated on the whole group and on the subgroup of severe patients indicated that eight-point and seven-point changes, respectively, were needed to be confident that a real change had occurred. Longitudinal changes were depicted on two-dimensional graphs as examples of reporting RCSC on HoNOS total scores in a routine data collection: 91.6% of the whole sample (4361) was stable, 5.6% (269) improved and 1.8% (129) worsened. CONCLUSION: Our study proposes a methodological framework for computing RCSC normative data on a widely used outcome scale and for identifying different degrees of clinical change.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Problems with telemetry monitoring systems.

The purchaser of telemetry monitoring systems for operating and recovery rooms has little information available on the practical aspects of ownership and usage. To explore this problem, we recorded 76 telemetry failures (both operator and machine failure) occurring over six months among 18 telemetry channels located in operating and recovery rooms. We experienced approximately one telemetry failure every three days or every 60 surgical procedures. Factory repairs were required on 29 transmitters and 19 receivers during a two-year period. We observed that 28% of the failures were attributable to lead and electrode problems, 25% to battery depletion, 22% to mechanical or electronic component failures, 12% to inappropriate control settings and frequency mismatching, and 13% to miscellaneous difficulties. The following problems were observed. Transmitters were dropped frequently and occasionally immersed in liquids. Thus, waterproofing is recommended for OR use, and lead-failure warning circuitry is mandatory. Inappropriate control settings and frequency mismatching led to a previously unrecognized hazard: that is, it is possible to receive and display ECG data from the wrong patient located in a distant room. (Stethoscopic monitoring can be used to confirm that the data being displayed are from the correct patient.) Battery failure can occur at inopportune times, e.g., during cardiac arrest. Transmitters are frequently "lost" because of their small size and high mobility. This study indicated to us that, in the operating room, telemetry is not desirable because of its high cost compared to hard wired systems, poor reliability, and the possible hazard of displaying data from the wrong patient if improperly used.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2006

qPCR-DAMS: a database tool to analyze, manage, and store both relative and absolute quantitative real-time PCR data.

Quantitative real-time PCR is an important high-throughput method in the biomedical sciences. However, existing software has limitations in handling both relative and absolute quantification. We designed quantitative PCR data analysis and management system (qPCR-DAMS), a database tool based on Access 2003, to deal with such shortcomings by the addition of integrated mathematical procedures. qPCR-DAMS allows a user to choose among four methods for data processing within a single software package: 1) ratio relative quantification, 2) absolute level, 3) normalized absolute expression, and 4) ratio absolute quantification. qPCR-DAMS also provides a tool for multiple reference gene normalization. qPCR-DAMS has three quality control steps and a data display system to monitor data variation. In summary, qPCR-DAMS is a handy tool for real-time PCR users.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1983

Topography of brain electrical activity: a bioengineering approach.

The aim of this work is to describe a system for the mono- and bi-dimensional analysis of brain electrical activity. The analysis was carried on either by visual inspection of mono- and bi-dimensional data, or by automatic feature extraction from the bidimensional data. Because of the importance of visual inspection for the analysis of experimental data, particular care was devoted to optimize the displayed data perceptually. For automatic screening of large amounts of data (and to allow long term studies of clinical records), statistical facilities were also provided. One purpose of the system was to develop image processing algorithms oriented toward biomedical images, that could be easily implemented on special purpose, low cost hardware, like VLSI or microcomputer arrays. This was possible because of the modularity of the larger part of bidimensional processing, such as interpolation and statistical analysis. Results of an experiment on Visual Evoked Response are presented, showing that through abidimensional analysis of the recorded data the resolution achievable in the localization of brain electrical activity can be increased to less than 1 cm.

Brain↗
PubMed1997

Advanced alerting features: displaying new relevant data and retracting alerts.

We added two advanced features to our automated alerting system. The first feature identifies and displays, at the time an alert is reviewed, relevant data filed between the login time of a specimen leading to an alerting result and the time the alert is reviewed. Relevant data is defined as data of the same kind as generated the alert. The other feature retracts alerts when the alerting value is edited and no longer satisfies the alerting criteria. We evaluated the two features for a 14-week period (new relevant data) and a 6-week period (retraction). Of a total of 1104 alerts in the 14-week evaluation, 286 (25.9%) had new relevant data displayed at alert review time. Of the 286, 75.2% were due to additions of comments to the original piece of alerting data; 24.1% were due to new or pending laboratory results of the same type that generated the alert. Two alerts (out of 490) were retracted in a 6 week period. We conclude that in our system, new clinically relevant data is often added between the time of specimen login and the time that an alerting result from that specimen is reviewed. Retractions occur rarely but are important to detect and communicate.

Data Display↗
PubMed2004

Understanding data in clinical research: a simple graphical display for plotting data (up to four independent variables) after binary logistic regression analysis.

In clinical research, suitable visualization techniques of data after statistical analysis are crucial for the researches' and physicians' understanding. Common statistical techniques to analyze data in clinical research are logistic regression models. Among these, the application of binary logistic regression analysis (LRA) has greatly increased during past years, due to its diagnostic accuracy and because scientists often want to analyze in a dichotomous way whether some event will occur or not. Such an analysis lacks a suitable, understandable, and widely used graphical display, instead providing an understandable logit function based on a linear model for the natural logarithm of the odds in favor of the occurrence of the dependent variable, Y. By simple exponential transformation, such a logit equation can be transformed into a logistic function, resulting in predicted probabilities for the presence of the dependent variable, P(Y-1/X). This model can be used to generate a simple graphical display for binary LRA. For the case of a single predictor or explanatory (independent) variable, X, a plot can be generated with X represented by the abscissa (i.e., horizontal axis) and P(Y-1/X) represented by the ordinate (i.e., vertical axis). For the case of multiple predictor models, I propose here a relief 3D surface graphic in order to plot up to four independent variables (two continuous and two discrete). By using this technique, any researcher or physician would be able to transform a lesser understandable logit function into a figure easier to grasp, thus leading to a better knowledge and interpretation of data in clinical research. For this, a sophisticated statistical package is not necessary, because the graphical display may be generated by using any 2D or 3D surface plotter.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed2006

Issues and concerns of young Australian women with breast cancer.

GOALS OF WORK: Young women tend to experience many similar issues to that of their older counterparts, although more negatively and intensively. However, they also have specific concerns, which are not so apparent in studies that include a wide age range of participants. The aim of this study was to identify and explore the issues and concerns of Australian women diagnosed with breast cancer before age 41 years. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a self-selected, convenience sample of 35 Australian women with breast cancer, diagnosed at 40 years of age or younger and no more than 4 years previously. Themes found within the literature about 'younger' women up to 50 years of age provided guidance to the interviews. The audiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed using the basic analytical principles of data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The data were initially subdivided according to the literature-derived themes. Content analysis was performed on the categories developed, revealing the most pressing concerns of participants. MAIN RESULTS: Second to fear of recurrence and future uncertainty, children and family were the most commonly reported major personal concern. Consumer-related issues and concerns for children and family were equally reported as the greatest general concern of young women with breast cancer. The greatest unmet need of participants was support. CONCLUSIONS: Age-appropriate information and support for this group of young women with breast cancer remains a challenge. This paper suggests ways young Australian women with breast cancer can access additional support with the use of technology.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Validation of cDNA microarray gene expression data obtained from linearly amplified RNA.

BACKGROUND: DNA microarray technology has permitted the analysis of global gene expression profiles for several diseases, including cancer. However, standard hybridisation and detection protocols require micrograms of mRNA for microarray analysis, limiting broader application of this technology to small excisional biopsies, needle biopsies, and/or microdissected tissue samples. Therefore, linear amplification protocols to increase the amount of RNA have been developed. The correlation between the results of microarray experiments derived from non-amplified RNA and amplified samples needs to be evaluated in detail. METHODS: Total RNA was amplified and replicate hybridisation experiments were performed with linearly amplified (aRNA) and non-amplified mRNA from tonsillar B cells and the SUDHL-6 cell line using cDNA microarrays containing approximately 4500 genes. The results of microarray differential expression using either source of RNA (mRNA or aRNA) were also compared with those found using real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). RESULTS: Microarray experiments using aRNA generated reproducible data displaying only small differences to data obtained from non-amplified mRNA. The quality of the starting total RNA template and the concentration of the promoter primer used to synthesise cDNA were crucial components of the linear amplification reaction. Approximately 80% of selected upregulated and downregulated genes identified by microarray analysis using linearly amplified RNA were confirmed by QRT-PCR using non-amplified mRNA as the starting template. CONCLUSIONS: Linear RNA amplification methods can be used to generate high fidelity microarray expression data of comparable quality to data generated by microarray methods that use non-amplified mRNA samples.

Gene Amplification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Real-time display of flow-pressure-volume loops.

Graphic display of respiratory waveforms can be valuable for monitoring the progress of ventilated patients. A system has been developed that can display flow-pressure-volume loops as derived from a patient's respiratory circuit in real time. It can also display, store, print, and retrieve ventilatory waveforms. Five loops can be displayed at once: current, previous, reference, "ideal," and previously saved. Two components, the data-display device (DDD) and the data-collection device (DCD), comprise the system. An IBM 286/386 computer with a graphics card (VGA) and bidirectional parallel port is used for the DDD; an eight-bit microprocessor card and an A/D convertor card make up the DCD. A real-time multitasking operating system was written to control the DDD, while the DCD operates from in-line assembly code. The DCD samples the pressure and flow sensors at 100 Hz and looks for a complete flow waveform pattern based on flow slope. These waveforms are then passed to the DDD via the mutual parallel port. Within the DDD a process integrates the flow to create a volume signal and performs a multilinear regression on the pressure, flow, and volume data to calculate the elastance, resistance, pressure offset, and coefficient of determination. Elastance, resistance, and offset are used to calculate Pr and Pc where: Pr[k] = P[k]-offset-(elastance.V[k]) and Pc[k] = P[k]-offset-(resistance.F[k]). Volume vs. Pc and flow vs. Pr can be displayed in real time. Patient data from previous clinical tests were loaded into the device to verify the software calculations. An analog waveform generator was used to simulate flow and pressure waveforms that validated the system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1985

Resident tracking health information system. Inpatient setting.

The tracking of residents' patient care activities in the hospital setting is valuable to the residency program directors for consideration of curricular changes and to the resident for documentation of experience. Furthermore, the cost-effective method of using patient data generated by hospital billing systems eliminates the need for double entry and assures a high degree of accuracy. This article discusses the use of a computerized tracking system, providing examples of data displays and interpretations.

Area Health Education Centers↗