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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Computer systems for dental practice management. A new generation of independent dental software.

A new generation of computer programs for dental patient management eliminates total dependence on the vendor for programming support. The software design enables information collected with the dental system to be transferred to popular off-the-shelf programs designed for business. A simplified example is used to illustrate for practitioners the advantages of this type of data structure management. Programs designed on this basis offer optimum performance and expandibility for both present and future needs.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of a large collection of extracted teeth for research.

A collection of over 14,000 teeth extracted at the Prince Philip Dental Hospital since 1982 has been organized and catalogued on a computerized database management system. The computer catalogue provides, for each tooth in the collection, information on the age and sex of the patient, and the date of extraction and condition of the tooth. The catalogue can be searched according to any combination of the descriptive variables in the database record. Researchers, including visiting scientists, can borrow teeth from the central "tooth library" on a temporary or permanent basis. Further information on particular teeth (e.g. patient's medical and dental histories, dental radiographs) can be obtained from patients' charts. Establishment of this collection has greatly facilitated the work of researchers in clinical dentistry, dental anatomy, and dental anthropology.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New role of a medical documentation system.

Architecture of a new medical documentation system (MDS) is proposed. First, we studied the traditional MDS in terms of organizational structure, main functions, means (resources) and personnel. Special emphasis is given to the information retrieval (IR) system which is the kernel of a MDS. Then, some achievements of information technology is summarized, and concept of a mixed IR system which is the kernel of the new system is presented. New architecture is then presented. Units which compose the entire system are: host documentation centre, local documentation centres, and documentation units. Eventually, objective and features of every part are discussed.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1993

A service-oriented information sources database for the biological sciences.

Researchers in the biological sciences require access to a variety of information sources located in various places on different computer networks. In order to satisfy the information needs of a researcher, appropriate information sources must be selected and access to these information sources and the computing services supporting them must be provided in a way that does not distract the researcher from problems of real interest. At the University of Missouri-Columbia a service-oriented information sources database is being developed as a key component of a layered-model design of an intelligent system which will provide a research environment appropriate to the needs of researchers in the biological sciences.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1993

Database techniques for biological materials & methods.

The Biological sciences produce an enormous research literature every year. Research papers are highly structured documents whose content is not captured using the traditional techniques of information retrieval: keywords and flat text. This is especially true of the Materials & Methods section of experimental papers. A great deal of highly structured information is packed into this section. It involves logical and temporal sequences of operations that combine and operate on materials using various instruments and depending on many parameters. We are designing and implementing databases that will allow this complex knowledge to be represented, stored in object-oriented databases and retrieved. We are developing an application of this technology called the Laboratory Notebook. This application is a software system that will contain personal laboratory information as well as have access to databases of Materials & Methods sections drawn from the literature.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1990

Marburger concept for computer-aided acquisition, processing and documentation of patient data in the intensive care unit.

The authors report on their experience with the computer-aided acquisition, processing and documentation of patient data in an intensive care unit. The goal of an effective data and information collection system in the intensive care unit is to make therapy, and the patients respond to it, recognizable and understandable through the clear and complete representation of the patients conditions. The focal point of the data documentation is the medical record. In the implementation of a computer-aided data documentation and processing system the application of one central PC is unpractical. Each bed will be equipped with its own PC, and all the individual PCs will be connected to one central PC, which functions as server, and to connected to another PC in the doctors room. The data will be managed in a powerful database-management-system and be stored on an optical-disk. The development of an effective man/machine interface is especially important. In addition we can promote the user acceptance in other ways, so as to ensure a concrete benefit for each user group.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1992

CD-ROM source data uploaded to the operating and storage devices of an IBM 3090 mainframe through a PC terminal.

A powerful method of processing MEDLINE and CINAHL source data uploaded to the IBM 3090 mainframe computer through an IBM/PC is described. Data are first downloaded from the CD-ROM's PC devices to floppy disks. These disks then are uploaded to the mainframe computer through an IBM/PC equipped with WordPerfect text editor and computer network connection (SONNGATE). Before downloading, keywords specifying the information to be accessed are typed at the FIND prompt of the CD-ROM station. The resulting abstracts are downloaded into a file called DOWNLOAD.DOC. The floppy disks containing the information are simply carried to an IBM/PC which has a terminal emulation (TELNET) connection to the university-wide computer network (SONNET) at the Ohio State University Academic Computing Services (OSU ACS). The WordPerfect (5.1) processes and saves the text into DOS format. Using the File Transfer Protocol (FTP, 130,000 bytes/s) of SONNET, the entire text containing the information obtained through the MEDLINE and CINAHL search is transferred to the remote mainframe computer for further processing. At this point, abstracts in the specified area are ready for immediate access and multiple retrieval by any PC having network switch or dial-in connection after the USER ID, PASSWORD and ACCOUNT NUMBER are specified by the user. The system provides the user an on-line, very powerful and quick method of searching for words specifying: diseases, agents, experimental methods, animals, authors, and journals in the research area downloaded. The user can also copy the TItles, AUthors and SOurce with optional parts of abstracts into papers under edition. This arrangement serves the special demands of a research laboratory by handling MEDLINE and CINAHL source data resulting after a search is performed with keywords specified for ongoing projects. Since the Ohio State University has a centrally founded mainframe system, the data upload, storage and mainframe operations are free.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1988

The knowledge workstation: an electronic environment for knowledge management.

This paper focuses on the creation of the IAIMS workstation in the context of the outcomes of a year-long IAIMS strategic planning process at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions (JHMI). These outcomes include a long-term institutional vision for a functional knowledge management environment, a JHMI IAIMS model, a strategic plan, and two model prototypes. The functional requirements and specific implementation strategies for the IAIMS workstation, the prototype for managing the knowledge base of the published biomedical literature, are discussed in detail.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1988

PROPHET--a national computing resource for life science research.

PROPHET is a national computing resource tailored to meet the data management and analysis needs of life scientists working in a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from pharmacology to molecular biology. The PROPHET system offers a fully integrated graphics-oriented environment designed for the manipulation and analysis of tabular data, graphs, molecular structures, biological simulation models, and protein and nucleic acid sequences, and it includes access to molecular structure and sequence databases.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

A new data model for biological classification.

In the domain of biological classification, classifications are performed hierarchically. There are no standard classifications which are unanimously accepted by the community of each domain; many different interacting views of classification exist about the same data, and the discovery of new data results in changes to the existing classification. Even a single individual may change his or her own classification of a particular group. Since multiple classification views interact, they are semantically related. It is difficult to model this kind of dynamically evolving and semantically interacting classification system using traditional data models, which lack the structural flexibility necessary to support dynamic views of hierarchic classifications, and cannot properly capture the history of these complex interactions. We have developed a new data model which is suitable for supporting semantically interacting dynamic views of hierarchic biological classifications. On the basis of our new data model we have developed a prototype database system called HICLAS (HIerarchical CLAssification System); its domain is plant taxonomy. HICLAS is available through the Internet and an X-window interface has been implemented to support queries to classification data.

Classification↗
PubMed1991

Heterogeneous databases integration in a hospital information systems environment: a bottom-up approach.

The paper describes the problem of heterogeneous databases, discusses the need for an integrated hospital information system and provides a five-step method for integrating heterogeneous databases in the hospital environment. The scope of this method facilitates the integration of medical, administrative and fiscal information elements of a hospital into a unified environment.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of Meta-1 for a concept-based approach to the automated indexing and retrieval of bibliographic and full-text databases.

SAPHIRE is a concept-based approach to information retrieval in the biomedical domain. Indexing and retrieval are based on a concept-matching algorithm that processes free text to identify concepts and map them to their canonical form. This process requires a large vocabulary containing a breadth of medical concepts and a diversity of synonym forms, which is provided by the Meta-1 vocabulary from the Unified Medical Language System Project of the National Library of Medicine. This paper describes the use of Meta-1 in SAPHIRE and an evaluation of both entities in the context of an information retrieval study.

Abbreviations as Topic↗
PubMed1995

[Information processing and perinatology--experiences with GebLan at the Mainz University Gynecologic Clinic].

Modern perinatal information management is a subject of growing complexity. The requirements for perinatal computer applications changed totally during the last years. Today we need applications with a high integration level of data from diverse sources, a modern graphical interface and a powerful data management for example a Client Server architecture. The experience with the perinatal documentation and information system "GebLan" in a local area network is very sufficient though we conclude that stand-alone-systems should only be used in smaller obstetrical departments.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1991

SESAM: a relational database for structure and sequence of macromolecules.

A system is described that provides ways of integrating data on protein structure, sequence, and survey results, with molecular graphics and molecular mechanics software. Its major component is the relational database SESAM, presently implemented under the commercial package SYBASE. By design, the database allows full integration--within the same data organization--of raw data on protein structure, sequence, ligands, and heterogroups, obtained from the Brookhaven Protein Databank, with pure sequence information available from other databanks such as SWISS-PROT. It contains in addition higher level descriptions of structural and topological properties, as well as survey results, obtained by executing specialized computer programs. Aside from the very useful attribute of closely combining structural and nonstructural information, other important features distinguish it from analogous systems developed elsewhere. It includes a molecular dictionary with complete description of geometric properties and energy parameters used in modeling and conformational energy calculations. Using this dictionary, structural data are validated by checking for localized inconsistencies in atomic coordinates, atomic symbols, chirality definitions, and flagging errors and incomplete entries. Because of both the dictionary and the validation procedures, SESAM can be readily interfaced with conventional molecular graphics and mechanics software packages, or with other specialized application programs. With the aid of appropriate interfaces, data access is sufficiently fast for SESAM to be interrogated interactively. Prototypes of user interfaces, as well as an interface with the molecular graphics package BRUGEL, are described and the power of the system is illustrated in applications such as homology-based protein modeling, computer-aided protein design, protein structure predictions, analysis of local structure motifs, and of relationships between protein sequence and structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Framework for application of geographic information system to the monitoring of dengue vectors.

In a successful management program of dengue vectors, not only health education, source reduction or insecticide application should be conducted, but all basic information should also be manipulated properly and efficiently. This information includes the surveys of species, dispersal and dynamics of vectors, as well as the detection of breeding sources, and the records of dengue cases and epidemic periods. Most of the above information expressed as regionalized variables always varies spatially and/or temporally. However, due to the deficiency of topological information, the conventional database management system cannot efficiently analyze those dengue related data. Thus, we have applied the geographic information system (GIS) to the monitoring of dengue vectors. The purpose of this report is to introduce the basic concepts of GIS, to describe the framework of the prototype dengue vector monitoring system which was built using data collected from the Sanmin area, Kaoshiung city, Taiwan, and to indicate the possibility of using this system to manipulate spatially correlated data and support decision making in the control of dengue disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Computer networks in clinical practice--a histology data bank system].

In hospital and in private practice huge amounts of data have to be managed. Conventional storage and documentation techniques are being replaced more and more by the use of computers. Local area networks based on the interconnection of stand-alone PC workstations offer several advantages over non-communicating systems. The use of computer networks solves many communication problems and in this way improves the flow of information. The interconnection may be achieved by step-by-step integration of preexisting elements. This paper presents a database system for archiving routine histology data and illustrates the use of a computer network in a dermatology department.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

ISWAC: proposed system for the integrated assembly of chromosomes.

The generation of a physical map as an integral part of sequence project management is a problem that present computer systems do not address. Primarily, the analysis performed is based solely on the information available from a single knowledge level. Management systems that are currently available do not adequately model the multi-layer top down strategy that is most often utilized to manage large scale sequencing projects. Single layered approaches reflect an algorithmic inadequacy since interacting data sets are required to provide a good solution. The analysis tool that is currently under development termed ISWAC, the Integrated System for Wholistic Assembly of Chromosomes, overcomes these limitations by integrating information available from five layers of knowledge. These knowledge layers utilize information from the linkage map, physical map, restriction map, clone strategy map and the DNA sequence itself. The approach we are implementing, reviews current project status and continually refines the experimental strategy necessary to efficiently complete the sequencing task. To facilitate project completion the system is designed to interactively recommend strategies based on partial information. The utility of this tool is enhanced by implementing knowledge representation techniques that allow reasoning with approximate concepts characteristic of these data-sets. In addition, the raw physical data is maintained within an integrated map database to ease data verification. This paper presents the first discussion of the design specifications for a computer system to assimilate the various forms of data that are being generated as part of the human genome project. It was specifically written to stimulate discussion regarding data standardization, translation, analysis and most important, an understandable user-interphase for the molecular biologist. We would hope that interested readers would respond by assisting in the definition of a set of universal data standards and adopting them in their laboratories.

Algorithms↗