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Results for “Dental Pulp Calcification”

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PubMed1999

Dental anomalies associated with amelogenesis imperfecta: a radiographic assessment.

Amelogenesis imperfecta, a group of hereditary conditions primarily affecting the enamel, has been associated with dental anomalies, including taurodontism, congenitally missing teeth, delayed eruption, crown resorption, and abnormal enamel density. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of these anomalies in an amelogenesis imperfecta population. The study group consisted of members of 9 unrelated families--22 family members with amelogenesis imperfecta and 13 unaffected family members. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated for taurodontism, congenitally missing teeth, delayed tooth eruption, pathologic dental resorption, pulp calcification, and radiographic enamel density. The prevalence of taurodontism was similar in people with amelogenesis imperfecta and normal people; all of the remaining parameters were more commonly observed in people with amelogenesis imperfecta. The radiographic enamel density was quantitatively reduced in teeth affected by amelogenesis imperfecta in comparison with teeth with normal enamel. These findings suggest that some of the features associated with amelogenesis imperfecta result from abnormal enamel formation (eg, decreased enamel density, crown resorption) whereas others may occur as a result of expression of the genetic mutation in cells other than ameloblasts (eg, abnormal eruption, pulp calcification).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulp calcifications].

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Dental Pulp Calcification↗
PubMed2001

Immunohistochemical localization of osteopontin in human pulp stones.

The organic matrix component of human pulp stones was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Two pulp stones were extracted from the upper molar teeth of two patients suffering from irreversible pulpitis. Both were formed in the center of the pulp cavity and located apart from the dentin walls. After demineralization, serial sections of the stones were prepared and subjected to immunohistochemical procedures using specific antibodies to type I collagen and noncollagenous proteins (osteopontin, osteonectin, and osteocalcin), which are reported to be involved in calcified matrix formation. Type I collagen was localized evenly in the stones, indicating that it is a major matrix component of pulp stones. Strong immunostaining of osteopontin appeared in the peripheral area of the stones, whereas osteonectin and osteocalcin were not detected. We previously reported that dental pulp cells produced osteopontin in vitro. Osteopontin has been commonly found in other pathological calcification, such as urinary stones, atherosclerotic plaques, and dental calculus. Taken together, the present findings suggest that osteopontin produced by dental pulp cells is possibly associated with calcification of the pulp stone matrix.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1998

Tube-like mineralization in the dental pulp of traumatized primary incisors.

Mineralization in the pulp is a common finding in permanent as well as primary teeth and is associated with caries, aging, traumatic injuries and systemic conditions. This article describes an unusual pattern of pulpal calcification. A tube-like calcified structure formed in the dental pulp of primary incisors following mild traumatic injuries. It was studied by clinical, radiographic and histologic evaluation and by scanning electron microscopy. The tube-like structure was found to extend along the entire length of the pulp canal. Generally it was separated from the root dentin by normal pulp tissue, but was connected to the dentin in some sites. It had the histologic appearance of osteodentin with cell inclusions in a ring-like formation that was incomplete in places. The scanning electron microscope study showed rough inner and outer surfaces of a tube-like structure with openings that seemed to be dentinal tubules.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Light-microscopical investigation of the distribution of extracellular matrix molecules and calcifications in human dental pulps of various ages.

The distribution of extracellular matrix molecules, especially collagen types I, III, V, and VI, in the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue of human dental pulp of various ages was studied by polarization and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy by using a conventional fluorescence microscope and a confocal laser scanning microscope. Polarization and immunofluorescence microscopy of paraffin sections showed thick fibers of collagen type I, which represented the main component of the connective tissue matrix of the dental pulp. By indirect immunofluorescence, thin fibers and small bundles of collagen type III were determined to be one of the main fibrillar elements present in the dental pulp matrix. Collagen type IV was detected by a clear intense staining of the basement membrane of blood vessels at all ages examined. Collagens type V and VI formed a dense meshwork of thin microfibrils throughout the stroma of the connective tissue of the dental pulp. These fibers were localized around blood vessels and appeared to be enriched in the subodontoblastic layer. Investigations by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed fibers of collagen type VI spiralling between fully differentiated odontoblasts toward the predentin layer. With advancing age, the connective tissue matrix appeared to be condensed and aggregates of thick fiber bundles could be observed. Furthermore, the participation of various collagen types in the composition of pulp stones was shown. These calcifications and diffuse calcifications increased in frequency with advancing age in a statistically significant manner.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Criteria for management of calcific metamorphosis: review with a case report.

Calcific metamorphosis is seen commonly in the dental pulp after traumatic tooth injuries and is characterized by deposition of hard tissue within the root canal space. Opinion differs among practitioners as to whether to treat these cases upon early detection of calcific metamorphosis or to observe them until symptoms or radiographic signs of pulpal necrosis are detected. In this article, the clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic appearance of calcific metamorphosis is described; a review of the literature is presented to address these issues in an attempt to establish sound rationale for treatment. Approximately 3.8% to 24% of traumatized teeth develop varying degrees of calcific metamorphosis. Studies indicate that of these, approximately 1% to 16% will develop pulpal necrosis. Most of the literature does not support endodontic intervention unless periradicular pathoses is detected or the involved tooth becomes syptomatic. It may be advisable to manage cases demonstrating calcific metamorphosis through observation and periodic examination. A report of a case where in non-surgical endodontic intervention was successfully carried out a patient suffering from calcific metamorphosis with periapical pathoses is also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Calcific bridging of dental pulp caused by iatrogenic hypercalcemia. Report of a case.

A case of renal osteodystrophy treated with high doses of vitamin D is presented. The treatment, carried out when the patient was between 3 1/4 and 6 years of age, induced hypercalcemia (up to 13.9 mg./dl.) which resulted in dentinal bridging corresponding chronologically to the part of the root developing at this age. Dentinal bridging associated with iatrogenic hypercalcemia has not been reported previously.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1993

Effect on human teeth of renal transplantation: a postmortem study.

Extracted teeth from five deceased patients treated by renal transplantation were examined radiographically and histologically, and compared with teeth from healthy persons of approximately the same age. In three of the patients with a renal transplant, the radiographs showed normal pulp chamber sizes, but histologic examination revealed a widened predentin zone, approximately four times greater than in the controls. In two of the patients the radiographs showed marked reduction of the pulp chamber size. The histologic changes of these teeth were mainly an extensive amount of secondary dentin along the pulp chamber walls and the root canals, with a markedly reduced pulp space. One explanation for the difference between the patients was that patients with extensive pulp calcifications were given a higher total amount of corticosteroids than patients with a widened predentin zone.

Adult↗