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PubMed1984

[Epidemiology of acute infectious diarrhea in Switzerland (endemic diarrhea)].

Acute infectious diarrhoea and its etiology are described. Toxin-induced diarrhoea, usually caused by foodstuffs, and travellers' diarrhoea (etiologically different from endemic diarrhoea) are mentioned. The epidemiology of acute diarrhoea in adults in Switzerland, which has so far not been investigated extensively, is documented from results of our own prospective study. These results demonstrate that 30% of endemic diarrhoea cases in Switzerland are caused by Salmonella and Campylobacter and 10% by Clostridium difficile and Rotavirus. Shigella and Protozoa are rarely sole agents in endemic diarrhoea.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1978

[Study on diarrhea in young calves. 2. Pathomorphological studies in clinically healthy calves and in calves with diarrhea].

Pathological-anatomical and histological investigations were performed in 49 calves aged from 1 to 18 days, 26 of them being affected by diarrhoea, 23 being without clinical signs. In both the groups above all rhinitis, gastritis and typhlocolitis could be observed, thus the affection could be characterized as rhinogastrocolitis. Significant differences only existed between diarrhoea affected and clinical incospicuous calves concerning the macroscopic signs of the colon, periportal infiltrates of the liver and thymus in involution. The peak of inflammatory reaction is in general reached at the 7. to 10. day of life. In concordance with bacteriological findings the results refer to an affection not due to coli infection. Virus etiology may not be excluded and has to be examined in further studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Diarrhea in young calves. 4. Redox potential of the gastrointestinal tract of clinically healthy calves, and calves with spontaneous diarrhea, experimental Escherichia coli infection, and cyclophosphamide treatment].

The redox potential (ROP) dropped strongly in a calf, from two hours after birth to 48 hours of age. The drop in the colon was more strongly pronounced than that in the small intestine. -The Eh values recorded throughout the small intestine of clinically intact calves, aged between four and ten days, were more negative than those in the stomach. The most negative ROP values, which differed with significance from those of all proximal gastro-intestinal sections, were recorded from the caecum. -Intracolonic negativation of ROP in calves, during the first hours of life, must be attributed to progressing germ population. The same relationship is borne out clearly by a pronounced rise in anaerobic germ count accompanied by significant ROP negativation in the colon. -Growing age was accompanied by drastic change in ROP values throughout the gastro-intestinal tract. Calves aged between six and nine weeks were compared to animals aged between four and ten days. ROP values in stomach, proximal and distal jejunum as well as in the ileum of the former group were negative with significance, whereas ROP values in the caecum and colon of the same group were more positive. -Animals with diarrhoea exhibited significant ROP deviations only in the ileum. They were more negative, as compared to clinically intact calves aged between four and ten days. Pathophysiological intestinal disorders which could be measured via ROP were found to play no role at all in the genesis and course of diarrhoea of calf. -No pronounced gastro-intestinal ROP deviations were exhibited by calves with experimentally induced Escherichia coli infection and manifest coli dysentery nor by animals which received cyclophosphamide treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Pathology and pathogenesis of coli dysentery and coli diarrhea in suckling piglets. 1. Studies on the pathomorphology of the gastrointestinal tract in coli dysentery as well as coli diarrhea in the suckling piglet].

The following findings were obtained from histomorphological examination of 45 piglets with coli-bacillosis (with serotypical Escherichia coli detected) and ten piglets with coli-diarrhoea (with non-serotypical E. coli detected): Diarrhoea accompanying either disease was not attributable to catarrhal or haemorrhagic gastro-enteritis. The mucous membrane of the gastro-insestinal tract remained histomorphologically intact in either disease. No change was recorded particularly from villous or surface epithelia and glandular epithelium, and the villous structure was not basically altered. Different degrees of hyper aemia of the gastro-intestinal mucous membrane and moderate oedematisation of the villous stroma were irregular findings. Adhesion of enteropathogenic E. coli to mucous membrane surface was observed but rarely and did not exhibit any visible relationship with the incidence in E. coli of L-antigen K88. In coli-bacillosis and coli-diarrhoea both the diarrhoea and morphological situation of the gastro-bacillosis tract were in conformity with the cholera-type "intestinal noninflammatory secretory diarrhoea" as caused by enterotoxins. Other issues relating to pathology and diagnosis are also discussed.

Animals↗