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Gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants and children.
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Endoscopic sphincteropapillotomy: an analysis of 108 cases.
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Endoscopic variceal band ligation: a local experience.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVBL) in the local set-up. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data of all patients who had EVBL. SETTING: Patients having EVBL at the office endoscopy suite. The Nairobi Hospital, the Aga Khan Hospital and M.P. Shah Hospital. METHODS: The varices were diagnosed at oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) in patients with hemetemesis and EVBL performed after xylocaine throat spray and intravenous pethidine and bendiazepam sedation. Majority of the patients had EVBL performed on an outpatient basis on weekly intervals until variceal obliteration. RESULTS: A total of 43 patients underwent 119 EVBL sessions at which 523 varies were banded. Four patients had active bleeding and the rest had EVBL for secondary prophylaxis. The variceal kill time was shorter and the transfusion requirements were less and none of the patients developed oesophageal strictures. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic variceal band ligation was noted to give better results in the management of patients with oesophagealvarices in the local set-up, when compared to sclerotherapy in the past.
Endosonographic characteristics of submucosal tumors (SMT). Approach and algorithm.
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The wallstent endoprosthesis.
The Wallstent endoprosthesis is the most widely used self-expanding metal stent for treating digestive disease worldwide. This article presents detailed metallurgical and physical information on the Wallstent endoprosthesis, and addresses implications for its clinical use. Detailed product information provides technical insight into the implantable stent and associated delivery systems. Current worldwide product indications and configurations are discussed, as well as insight into new products in clinical evaluation.
[Planned cholecystectomy: preoperative endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract].
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[The emergency management of foreign bodies: our own experience in 46 cases].
Foreign bodies ingestion is a common cause of emergency endoscopic therapy. Usually ingestion is accidental for children and elderly patients, instead is voluntary in some others as psychopathic people or prisoners. The authors report their experience with 46 cases from January 1992 to December 1998: this technique is safe, with low rate of complications and hospitalization.
[Problems raised by screening for digestive tract superficial neoplastic lesions].
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[Endoscopic diagnosis of superficial neoplastic lesions of the digestive tract].
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[Staging superficial neoplastic lesions of the digestive tract: contribution of endoscopic ultrasonography].
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[Recent endoscopic treatment in gastroenterology].
Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment became to be necessary in gastroenterology for last two decades. Indication of endoscopic treatment is amazingly expanding because of developing new techniques and easy-to-use devices. Nowadays, the indication for endoscopic treatment includes the removal of foreign bodies in alimentary tract, the dilatation of stricture lesions by balloon or expandable metallic stent, the resection of polypoid and superficial tumors by polypectomy and EMR (endoscopic mucosal resection) techniques, the injection sclerotherapy and ligation method for gastroesophageal varices, the hemostasis of gastrointestinal hemorrhages by injection method or heat-burn method. In biliary and pancreatic area, there are some endoscopic treatments that are removal and destruction of stones in common bile duct, biliary and pancreatic drainage by tubing method. Our results of endoscopic resection for esophageal and gastric tumors are shown in this papers. In conclusion, complete resection that means histologically tumor negative of lateral and vertical margin of resected specimen is important to prevent recurrence of tumors after resection.
[Endoscopic surgery for management of cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis: basic and clinical aspects].
At present, laparoscopic surgery is considered to be the method of first choice for the management of cholecystolithiasis or choledocholithiasis. The clinical advantages and problems inherent to endoscopic surgery for the management of cholecystolithiasis or choledocholithiasis described in the literature are summarized and their reasons are discussed in this paper. Moreover, methods overcome the problems of endoscopic surgery are discussed. Among the problems inherent to laparoscopic surgery, the prevention of perioperative and postoperative complications has reserved serious attention of surgeons because surgery is carried out using mismatched instruments in a two-dimensional field monitored on a TV screen. However, the main causes of complications are attributable to the immature techniques of surgeons. Therefore, an increase in the number of educated surgeons is strongly awaited. To solve the problems mentioned above, better training in endoscopic surgery should be included in postgraduate surgical educational programs.
Endoscopic and histologic evaluation of reflux esophagitis.
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[Differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and acute surgical diseases of abdominal organs].
The results of differential diagnosis of hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome and acute surgical diseases of abdominal organs in 1250 patients were analyzed. It was revealed that the course of the disease was similar to acute abdomen in 13.2% of them. The combination of fibrogastroduodenoscopy and diagnostic laparoscopy is optimal for differential diagnosis and permits to reveal typical symptoms of hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome.
[New developments in endoscopic diagnosis].
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Introduction to endoscopic mucosal resection.
The advent of videoendoscopes showed the very minute details of the gastrointestinal tract. Three American and five Japanese endoscopists who are experts and founders in their original EMR for the entire gastrointestinal tract were invited. All of them have tremendous experience with EMR. One can appreciate the technique and pitfalls of EMR through their data analyses based on a large number of cases. In western countries, early esophageal cancers arising from Barrett's esophagus seem to be the most likely candidates for EMR. It is hoped that these techniques aid the reader's endoscopic practice and provide a better quality of life to patients.
Perspectives in endoscopic mucosal resection.
The birth of endoscopic mucosal resection probably can be traced back to the early days of colonoscopy and polypectomy. With the advent of colonoscopy, endoscopists began encountering pedunculated and sessile mass lesions arising from the mucosal surface. The concept of snare polypectomy developed quickly, and this technique has become the standard of care in the management of colon polyps. Large sessile lesions, however, remain problematic, especially when they arise from the thin wall of the cecum and ascending colon. Serosal burns and frank perforations represent the most significant complication of this technique.