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PubMed1975

Fertility rates and abortion rates: simulations of family limitation.

A computerized model that simulates reproductive events during the childbearing years of a cohort of women is used to analyze the impact of contraception and induced abortion on fertility. Four different reproductive regimens are investigated: (2) contraception only, (2) abortion only, (3) abortion as a backstop to contraception, and (4) combinations of abortion and contraception. It is concluded that in historical as well as in modern populations, levels of fertility near replacement are unlikely to be obtained without the use of induced abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

[Pregnancies with intra-uterine devices in-situ (author's transl)].

Pregnancies occurring with an intra-uterine device in situ were reviewed. Of 438 insertions since 1966, 31 patients became pregnant. 25 pregancies occurred with a Lippes Loop C or D of 277 insertions. Six pregnancies occurred with the Dalkon Shield among 161 patients. About 50% of the pregnancies occurred in the age group from 26 to 29 years and only 13% in the age group 20 to 25 years. Pregnancy did not occur in the age group below 20 years and in the age group above 40 years. The highest number of pregnancies occurred in Para 2's and Para 3's. 84% of all pregnancies occurred within the first 18 months after the insertion of the I.U.C.D. 13 of the pregnancies ended in therapeutic abortion and nine of these were combined with sterilization. Five pregnancies (about 20%) ended in a spontaneous abortion and one pregnancy ended in a premature delivery at 22 weeks. Five pregnancies went to term and three of these patients had tubal ligations post-partum. -- The three ectopic pregnancies are described in detail. There was one ovarian pregnancy, one tubal pregnancy and one pregnancy in the uterosacral ligament. -- The intra-uterine device is considered to be an acceptable method of contraception. The incidence of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy with an intra-uterine device in situ is increased. Because of the increased incidence of infertility following an ectopic pregnancy, the intra-uterine contraceptive device is only recommended with great reservation as a contraceptive method for nulligravidas.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1975

Attitudes toward family planning, marriage, and family size among unmarried women in Korea.

Data from the 1973 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey show that young unmarried women aged 18-27 desire small families and support family planning. These women express a lower son preference than did young currently married women surveved in 1973 and earlier. A majority of the respondents approve of the "stop at two" slogen of the family planning association, and they want to obtain more information about contraception before marrying. Unfortunately, survey results show that present sources of contraceptive information, including the schools, have not proved adequate.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

A report on six months experience of committee for the control of abortion.

During the first six months experience of a committee for the control of abortions, within the framework of Kupat Holim (Workers' Sick Fund of 'Histadrug' in Israel), 70 pregnant women sent by their physicians appeared before the committee for the interruption of their pregnancies. The reasons brought before the committee were of a medical, genetic, psychiatric or social nature. Discussed here are the socio-psychiatric cases, under the heading of the country of origin, age of the women, their cultural background and social situation of their families. Some conclusions are drawn in connection with the motivations which seem to have determined the positive or negative position of the committee and some possible implications are discussed concerning the legislation of the whole subject.

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed1975

A follow-up of 72 cases referred for abortion.

Whilst the medical indications for therapeutic abortion and the legal limitations set vary enormously from one country to another there is in general an undoubted trend towards giving the pregnant woman herself a greater say in the decision. During the first year of the operation of the Abortion Act, 1967, in England some 72 pregnant women were referred to the author and his colleagues for a recommendation on abortion. A psychiatric examination and follow-up over a period of one year was made both in those cases where abortion was performed as well as in those cases who were refused therapeutic abortion. In this communication a comparison is made between the reactions and outcome in the two groups. A provisional conclusion is reached that no significant psychiatric disturbance could be attributed to the performance of the operation or on the other hand to refusal of the woman's request.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relinquishment of premarital births: evidence from national survey data.

According to 1982 and 1988 NSFG data, unmarried white women are far less likely than they were in the early 1970s to place their children for adoption. The levels of relinquishment among black women have remained low throughout this period, and relinquishment among Hispanic women may be virtually nonexistent. Multivariate analysis of the determinants of relinquishment among unmarried non-Hispanic white women suggests that having a well-educated mother, being in school at the time of conception, having no labor force experience, and being older are positively associated with placing a child for adoption. Sons were found to be less likely to be relinquished than daughters.

Adoption↗
PubMed1992

Unintended conception and unwanted fertility in Gondar, Ethiopia.

This is a report on unintended conception and unwanted fertility in Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia. The purpose of the study was to explore the extent of the problem and to inquire whether there is a need for fertility regulation. To this end, relatively numerous questions on reproductive history of women aged 15-49 have been raised. Results showed that the proportion of abortion to delivery was 0.3984 to 0.6016 and the ratio of unintended conception to intended conception was 0.4043 to 0.5957. The proportion of unwanted fertility to wanted was 0.4099 to 0.5901. Mean desired interpregnancy interval was substantially higher than actual interpregnancy interval. The relatively high rate of abortion, high proportion of unintended conception and unwanted fertility combined with the wide difference between desired interpregnancy interval and current interpregnancy interval all point to the need for a policy that increases the capacity to regulate fertility.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics and attitudes of early contraceptive implant acceptors in Texas.

In 1991, shortly after Norplant became available in the United States, 678 women who had received the implant from 17 providers in Texas were surveyed. Forty-five percent of these women were under 21 years old. The majority (56%) had tried the implant because they were dissatisfied with their previous contraceptive method. Forty-four percent of the sample indicated that the implant was one of the first contraceptive methods they had used and that they had only recently decided to prevent unplanned pregnancy. The average number of children per woman was 1.2, and one-third of the sample had had at least one abortion. While 37% of the women said they wanted no more children, 63% said they were using the implant as a spacing method. The reasons for choosing the implant and concerns about it varied according to the user's age, educational level and race or ethnic group.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abortion in Canada: religious and ideological dimensions of women's attitudes.

This paper examines a number of demographic and sociocultural factors (e.g., age, marital status, family size, religion, religious assiduity, sex-role ideology) as predictors of women's attitudes toward abortion, using data from the Canadian Fertility Survey of 1984. The findings suggest that women's abortion attitudes are to a greater extent based on ideological positions. It appears that anti-abortion stance affects those women who are religious, presumably by increasing the relationship between their general sex-role ideological stances and abortion attitudes. Abortion attitudes also vary according to a woman's education, her size, and province/region of residence.

Abortion, Induced↗