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Results for “Fertilization rate”

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PubMed1998

Electroejaculation in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection in patients with psychogenic anejaculation results in lower fertilization rates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with sperm obtained by electroejaculation in men with psychogenic anejaculation. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: In Vitro Fertilization Unit, Bikur Cholim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. PATIENT(S): Seven men with psychogenic anejaculation who underwent 16 sessions of electroejaculation in combination with ICSI. INTERVENTION(S): Electroejaculation, ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Semen analysis, ICSI, fertilization rates. RESULT(S): All patients had poor sperm motility. One hundred forty-seven oocytes were injected, with a fertilization rate of 27% (39/142). One ongoing pregnancy was achieved. CONCLUSION(S): Sperm obtained by electroejaculation have low motility and reduced fertilization potential. Nevertheless, ICSI should be offered to improve the possibility of successful pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Fertilization rates using intracytoplasmic sperm injection are greater than subzonal insemination but are dependent on prior treatment of sperm.

OBJECTIVE: To determine a suitable method of sperm preparation for use in micromanipulation. To compare the fertilization rates of sibling oocytes inseminated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and subzonal insemination (SUZI). DESIGN: Two methods of gamete micromanipulation to overcome male factor infertility were compared. Within this study, three trials were conducted to determine the most suitable method of sperm preparation. This method then was used to complete the study. SETTING: Procedures were performed in a teaching hospital research environment. PATIENTS: Ninety-six patients were recruited for this study, undergoing 99 stimulation cycles. INTERVENTIONS: Sibling oocytes were inseminated by subzonal sperm or intracytoplasmic injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fertilization, zygote development, and pregnancy rates. RESULTS: In the absence of manipulative pretreatment of sperm (trial 1), there was no difference in normal fertilization rates between ICSI and SUZI (19% and 25%, respectively). In the second trial there again was no sperm pretreatment for SUZI but, for ICSI, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution was used to reduce sperm velocity and the sperm tails were incised before injection. The fertilization rates were significantly different between ICSI (44%) and SUZI (17%). In the third trial, PVP was added to the sperm used for both types of insemination and the sperm tails also were incised for the ICSI insemination. Fertilization was again significantly different (16% for SUZI and 44% for ICSI). The trial 2 method of sperm preparation then was used to complete the study (trial 4) and confirmed the results of trial 2 (21% for SUZI and 42% for ICSI). The results suggest that ICSI can give improved fertilization compared with SUZI provided the sperm are treated before injection. No significant differences were found in the development rates of zygotes suitable for transfer or cryopreservation between the two micromanipulation methods.

Cytoplasm↗

PubMed2005

[Factors influencing total fertility rate (TFR) in Africa].

AIM: The aim of the study was to estimate how the cultural and religious factors contribute to high total fertility rate in Africa and to denying the use of contraceptives. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A group of 100 women, mainly from rural areas, was interviewed in Southern Africa during the period of 1996-2002. Questions concerned motivation to high total fertility rate (average number of lifetime births per woman in particular country or population) and low rate of contraception use. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The main motivating factors to high TFR were cultural and religious beliefs, like the value of children as carriers of traditions, religion, genetics and also the emphasis on Old Testament in African Christianity. In 92 cases husbands played dominant role in deciding about the size of the family and denying the use of free contraceptives by women.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Sperm stimulants can improve fertilization rates in male-factor cases undergoing IVF to the same extent as micromanipulation by partial zona dissection (PZD) or subzonal sperm insemination (SUZI): a randomized controlled study.

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of direct insemination (IVF), micromanipulation by partial zona dissection (PZD), and subzonal sperm insemination (SUZI) using sperm-treated with pentoxifylline (PF) +/- 2-deoxyadenosine (2DA). RESULTS: The overall fertilization rate achieved was similar for all three fertilization techniques (33.1, 30.2, and 26.9% for IVF, SUZI, and PZD, respectively). Patients who had reduced fertilization in previous IVF attempts showed improved fertilization with sperm stimulants, either PF alone or PF in combination with 2DA in standard IVF. In certain cases, SUZI or PZD gave significantly improved fertilization rates in comparison to IVF. CONCLUSION: Selective use of sperm stimulants in IVF can achieve fertilization for the majority of male-factor cases. However, PZD and SUZI techniques are useful, especially when sperm stimulants fail to achieve fertilization or achieve poor fertilization in direct insemination.

Deoxyadenosines↗

PubMed1992

[[Work behavior of youth and recent changes in the fertility rate in Japan]].

"This paper observes and analyzes labor supply behavior and work attitude of...youth and discusses the impact they may have had on the recent change in [the] fertility rate in Japan." The author observes trends toward later marriage and a leisure-oriented life-style, and concludes that these shifts have helped to lower the fertility rate to 1.53 as of 1991. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Asia↗

PubMed1983

[The influence of primary and secondary infertility on fertility rates in Africa].

"The authors try to show the influence of primary or secondary sterility on the fertility rate of the African populations from 1954 to 1965 on the basis of fourteen surveys conducted in western and central Africa. Special emphasis is laid on the specific aspects of infertility in intertropical Africa." (summary in ENG, SPA)

Africa↗

PubMed1997

High fertilization rate obtained after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with 100% nonmotile spermatozoa selected by using a simple modified hypo-osmotic swelling test.

OBJECTIVE: To report a high fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in patients with 100% nonmotile spermatozoa selected by a simple modified hypo-osmotic swelling test. DESIGN: Clinical study. SETTING: Hospital-based IVF center. PATIENT(S): Three couples with infertility due to asthenospermia. INTERVENTION(S): The hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution was used to select viable spermatozoa before ICSI. Three patients provided semen samples and one of these three also had a testicular biopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Selection of viable spermatozoa using the hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution for ICSI. RESULT(S): No motile spermatozoa were found in three ejaculated semen samples and one testicular biopsy. Fifty-seven metaphase-II oocytes were injected with hypo-osmotic swelling test-positive ejaculated or testicular spermatozoa. Fifty-five (96.5%) of these oocytes were intact after injection. Forty-two (76.4%) of 55 oocytes showed two pronuclei, and 40 of the 42 fertilized oocytes cleaved. One patient had all embryos cryopreserved because of the risk of hyperstimulation; two other patients had embryos transferred. One ongoing pregnancy resulted. CONCLUSION: This hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution is a simple and efficient method for selection of viable spermatozoa. A high fertilization rate can be obtained using ICSI with viable spermatozoa selected by using this hypo-osmotic swelling test.

Cryopreservation↗

PubMed1991

The relationship between follicle diameter, fertilization rate, and microscopic embryo quality.

The diameter of preovulatory ovarian follicles was measured at the time of transvaginal US-guided oocyte retrieval, and the oocytes were subsequently examined to assess fertilization rates and the quality of developing embryos. With follicles divided into three groups of increasing diameter, there were no significant differences in the fertilization rates of oocytes recovered from follicles of different size. Embryo quality improved with increasing follicle size, although the differences were not highly significant. Our results demonstrate that an acceptable laboratory outcome can be achieved with oocytes retrieved from smaller sized follicles.

Embryo, Mammalian↗

PubMed1966

Fertility rates.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗

PubMed2006

IgG-antiphospholipid antibodies in follicular fluid of IVF-ET patients are related to low fertilization rate of their oocytes.

PROBLEM: Patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failures show an increased incidence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in their blood. The physiological manifestations of aPL in this patient group are nonetheless controversial. Pathological effects of aPL on embryos in vitro have been documented. We questioned whether aPL if found in follicular fluids (FFs) could result in embryonic damage. METHOD OF STUDY: Blood from 44 patients with three or more IVF-ET failures were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM and IgA aPL. Both the 29 aPL-positive and 15 aPL-negative patients gave permission for FF collection during their next IVF-ET attempt for additional aPL determinations. RESULTS: Patients with no aPL in their blood, had no aPL in their FFs. Patients with IgG and/or IgM aPL in their blood had IgG but not IgM in their respective FFs. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of IgG aPL in FFs and increased infertility length were significantly related to lower fertilization rates, independently. Follicular fluid IgG aPL appears as a risk factor in association with successful IVF-ET outcomes.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Comparison of the in vitro fertilization rate by human sperm capacitated by multiple-tube swim-up and Percoll gradient centrifugation.

Two sperm preparation methods, a multiple-tube swim-up and Percoll-gradient centrifugation, were employed in our human in vitro fertilization program. The fertilization rate of these two sperm preparation methods was compared when they were employed in semen samples of less than 60 million motile sperm/ml. The results described here suggest that both of these methods gave a similar fertilization rate in these semen samples, i.e., 72 +/- 8% for the Percoll-gradient centrifugation method and 66 +/- 8% for the multiple-tube swim-up method.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗

PubMed1986

Oocyte recovery and fertilization rates in women at various times after the administration of hCG.

Volunteer women requesting laparoscopic sterilization were subjected to a fixed schedule of ovulation induction and oocyte recovery. Follicle aspiration was carried out in four groups: those to whom hCG was not administered and 12, 24 or 36 h respectively after the administration of hCG. For each group oocytes were cultured in vitro for 42 h, 30 h, 18 h and 6 h respectively, before insemination with donor spermatozoa. Oocyte recovery rates improved with longer hCG-to-recovery intervals (36% with no hCG to 81% 36 h after hCG). Although there was a slight reduction in fertilization rates when oocytes were not exposed to hCG in the follicle, normal cleavage was noted in more than 50% of oocytes in all four groups. It therefore appears that the final maturation stages of the human oocyte are not dependent on the midcycle gonadotrophin surge, provided the oocyte is matured in vitro before insemination. However, it was also evident that the fertilization rates were reduced when oocytes were removed from less mature follicles, as reflected by high androstenedione/oestradiol ratios.

Androstenedione↗

PubMed1998

A first prospective study of the individual straight line velocity of the spermatozoon and its influences on the fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

The straight line velocity of 500 individual spermatozoa was measured immediately before their direct injection into the cytoplasm of 500 metaphase II oocytes. The straight line velocity (VSL) did not have a normal distribution (P < 0.01) and ranged between 0 and 35 microm/s. The fertilization rate (84%) was significantly (P < 0.008) higher in the quartile of the sperm population with the highest VSL compared to the fertilization rate (68%) in the quartile with the lowest VSL. Embryo cleavage and embryo quality were not different in the quartiles of the sperm population used for injection.

Cleavage Stage, Ovum↗

PubMed2003

Effect of time of ovulation and sperm concentration on fertilization rate in gilts.

In normal production practices, sows and gilts are inseminated at least twice during estrus because the timing of ovulation is variable relative to the onset of estrus. The objective of this study was to determine if a normal fertilization rate could be achieved with a single insemination of low sperm number given at a precise interval relative to ovulation. Gilts (n=59) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: low dose (LD; one insemination, 0.5 x 10(9) spermatozoa), high dose (HD; one insemination, 3 x 10(9) spermatozoa) or multiple dose (MD; two inseminations, 3 x 10(9) spermatozoa per insemination). Twice daily estrus detection (06:00 and 18:00 h) was performed using fenceline boar contact and backpressure testing. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed every 6 h beginning at the detection of the onset of standing estrus and continuing until ovulation. Gilts in the LD and HD groups were inseminated 22 h after detection of estrus; MD gilts received inseminations at 10 and 22 h after detection of estrus. Inseminations were administered by using an insemination catheter and semen was deposited into the cervix. The uterus was flushed on Day 5 after the onset of estrus and the number of corpora lutea, oocytes, and embryos were counted. Time of insemination relative to ovulation was designated as 40 to >24 h, 24 to >12 h, and 12 to 0 h before ovulation and >0 h after ovulation. The LD gilts had fewer embryos (P<0.04), more unfertilized oocytes (P<0.05) and a lower fertilization rate (P<0.07) compared to MD gilts. The effects of time of insemination relative to ovulation and the treatment by time interaction were not significant. We conclude that a cervical insemination with low spermatozoa concentration may not result in acceptable fertility even when precisely timed relative to ovulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on boar performance and tissue responses, semen quality, and subsequent fertilization rates in mature gilts.

Three experiments involving 192 crossbred boars evaluated the effects of dietary Se (0 or .5 ppm) and vitamin E (0 or 220 IU/kg) on growth, tissue Se, and alpha-tocopherol concentrations, and on semen quality and its subsequent effect on fertilization rate in mature gilts. Diets formulated used torula yeast and dextrose or cornstarch as the basal feedstuffs and were provided from weaning through sexual maturity. The basal diets averaged .063 ppm Se and 3.46 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg diet. Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial and conducted as a randomized complete block design in six replicates. Boars were allotted at weaning (initial BW 7.7 kg) with growth and feed performance determined to 145 kg BW. Five boars were killed at weaning and three from each treatment group at periodic intervals to 145 kg BW. Serum and tissue Se and alpha-tocopherol concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were subsequently determined. No performance benefit from either nutrient was demonstrated. Tissue (serum, liver, and testis) GSH-Px activity and Se and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were higher (P < .01) at each period when that respective nutrient fortified the diet. Testis GSH-Px activity increased from weaning to 145 kg BW even when Se was not added to the diet. Experiment 2 was conducted after training three boars from each treatment group of Exp. 1 for semen collection. From 9 mo of age and for a 16-wk period, semen was collected three times weekly and the volume, sperm concentration, motility, and percentage of normal and abnormal sperm were determined. Boars fed either the nonfortified Se or vitamin E diets had sperm with lower motilities (P < .01) and a higher percentage of sperm cells with bent and shoehook tails (P < .01). Diets low in added Se seemed to have a greater detrimental effect on the percentage of motile and abnormal sperm than diets inadequate in vitamin E. Sperm cells had a high concentration of Se and alpha-tocopherol, and a high GSH-Px activity. Experiment 3 was conducted using the boars from Exp. 2; 34 mature gilts were inseminated at 12 and 24 h after estrus. Gilts were killed 5 to 7 d postcoitum and the reproductive tracts were recovered. The semen from boars fed the nonfortified Se diet had a lower fertilization rate of oocytes with fewer accessory sperm penetrating the zona pellucida. The results from these experiments indicate that dietary Se and vitamin E can affect boar semen quality, but the greater effect seemed to be from Se.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Fertilization rates and embryonic development in CD-1 mice fed fungal endophyte-infected tall fescue seed.

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue (KY-31) seed (80% infected, containing Acremonium coenophialum ) on the fertilization rates and embryonic development of CD-1 mice. Twenty-four pairs of mature CD-1 mice were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments containing 40% mouse chow and 1) 60% noninfected tall fescue seed or 2) 60% infected tall fescue seed (w/w). The mice were preconditioned on their respective diets for 60 d prior to 96 h of cohabitation between pairs of males and females. Following the removal of the males, equal numbers of females (n = 4) from each dietary treatment were sacrificed at 80 h, 6 and 10 d after vaginal plug establishment. The female reproductive tracts were excised and flushed to recover eggs and embryos or dissected to identify the number and status of the implanted fetuses. The number of eggs-embryos and/or fetuses per mouse present at the time of sacrifice were 9.8, 8.8 and 11.5 vs 8.2, 5.3 and 4.8 for the mice fed the noninfected and infected fescue seeds, respectively. Similarly, the conception rates (%) were 100, 100 and 100 vs 73, 50 and 50 for the two treatments. The mice sacrificed at 80 h and fed the noninfected fescue had 9.8 expanded blastocysts per animal, whereas those fed the infected fescue had only 4.0 expanded blastocysts. The results suggest that the infected fescue seed consumed by these mice had a significant effect on fertilization rates. More importantly, the infected fescue seed influenced negatively the development of these embryos during the embryonic-preimplantation period.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1994

Fertilization rates in superovulated and spontaneously ovulating mares.

Embryo recovery per ovulation has been shown to be lower in superovulated mares than in untreated controls. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine whether follicles stimulated with superovulatory treatment ovulate or luteinize without ovulation, 2) determine fertilization rates of oocytes in oviducts of superovulated and control mares, and 3) evaluate viability of early stage embryos from superovulated and control mares when cultured in equine oviductal cell-conditioned medium. Cyclic mares were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups (n=14 per group) on the day of ovulation (Day 0): Group 1 received 40 mg of equine pituitary extract (EPE; i.m.) daily beginning on Day 5 after ovulation; mares assigned to Group 2 served as untreated controls. All mares were given 10 mg PGF(2alpha) on Day 5 and Day 6, and 3,300 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were administered intravenously once mares developed 2 follicles >/=35 mm in diameter (Group 1) or 1 follicle >/=35 mm in diameter (Group 2). Mares in estrus were inseminated daily with 1 x 10(9) progressively motile spermatozoa once a >/=35 mm follicle was obtained. Two days after the last ovulation the ovaries and oviducts were removed. Ovaries were examined for ovulatory tracts to confirm ovulation, while the oviducts were trimmed and flushed with Dulbeccos PBS + 10% FCS to recover fertilized oocytes. All fertilized oocytes (embryos) recovered were cultured in vitro for 5 d using TCM-199 conditioned with equine oviductal cells. Ninety-two percent of the CL's from EPE mares resulted from ovulations compared with 94% for mares in the control group (P>0.05). The percentages of ovulations resulting in embryos were 57.1 and 62.5% for EPE-treated and control mares, respectively (P>0.05). Eighty-eight (Group 1) and 91% (Group 2) of the freshly ovulated oocytes recovered were fertilized (P>0.05). After 5 d of culture, 46.4 and 40.0% of the embryos from EPE-treated and control mares developed to the morula or early blastocyst stage (P>0.05). In summary, the CL's formed in superovulated mares were from ovulations not luteinizations. Although embryo recovery was less than expected, fertilization rates and embryo development were similar (P>0.05) between superovulated and control mares.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

The effect of preincubation period of oocytes on nuclear maturity, fertilization rate, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcome in IVF and ICSI.

PURPOSE: To clarify the effect of preincubation of oocytes on the results of IVF and ICSI. METHODS: A total of 176 IVF and 64 ICSI cycles received long protocol ovarian stimulation. The oocytes were incubated for 1-8 h before insemination or sperm injection. Metaphase II (MII) percentage was evaluated in the ICSI arm; fertilization rates, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed in both IVF and ICSI arms according to the preincubation period duration of oocytes. RESULTS: The MII percentage of the ICSI arm was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the group with preincubation period of < 2.5 h. The fertilization rates in groups with preincubation for 2.5-5.5 h were significantly higher (P < 0.001) for IVF. Embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes were not significantly different between the IVF or ICSI arm. CONCLUSIONS: The preincubation of oocytes for at least 2.5 h is beneficial to both IVF and ICSI outcomes by increasing the nuclear maturity of oocytes.

Embryo, Mammalian↗