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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Causes of death of foreign tourists in the county of Istria during the summer holiday season from 2000 to 2004.

UNLABELLED: In this paper, the causes of death are presented of 322 foreign tourists that occured during summer holidays in County of Istria, Croatia, in the period from May to September, during 5 years (from 2000 to 2004). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the common causes of these deaths. Data about these cases were taken out of the archives of the Institute of Public Health of County of Istria in Pula. RESULTS: During this period of time there were 322 cases of deaths recorded. The rate was 3.2 deaths for 100 000 tourists. Heart attack occured in 126 cases (39%), and it was the leading cause of death. The highest number of deaths by the heart attack (n=31) was registered in 2002. The frequency of heart attack was six times higher in males than in females. The heart attack occurance was between 47% in 2000 to 30% in 2003. Drowning was the second leading cause of death with 10.5% of all cases of deaths recorded. Out of all victims (n=34), there were three times more males then females. Other causes of deaths were chronic ischaemic heart disease (8%), cardiac arrest (4%) and stroke (3.0%). CONCLUSION: Heart attack and drowning were the leading causes of death among foreign tourists in Istria.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Holiday heart syndrome: spontaneous reversibility of the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic alterations].

The holiday heart syndrome is characterized by symptomatic arrhythmias more often supraventricular, elicited by alcohol ingestion, typically during the week-end period. After admission, electrocardiographic changes, which disappear in few days, are often reported. A case of an alcoholic with syncopal episodes related to alcohol ingestion is described. In this patient, remarkable changes of ventricular repolarization on the electrocardiogram associated with impairment of ventricular diastolic function on the Doppler echocardiographic study are showed. ECG and echo-Doppler data reversed to normality after few days of alcohol withdrawal.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1985

'Drug holidays' in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. A brief review.

"Drug holiday," the withdrawal of levodopa for a variable period of time, is a controversial method of treating patients with Parkinson's disease who have levodopa-related complications. Only four studies have been published in which patients were observed for one year or longer. Although it is extremely beneficial for some patients, this treatment provides a sustained one-year benefit for only a minority of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[A holiday with psychiatric long-term patients (author's transl)].

Following predominantly favourable earlier experiences with holiday trips, eleven long-term hospitalized patients of sociopsychiatric ward (an institution concerned with the gradual transition from psychiatric treatment to social rehabilitation) went on a one week's trip together with the ward personnel, emphasis being on the aspect of recreation. The patients themselves took over the organization of the daily schedules. Marked improvements in mood levels, a decrease in disturbances of well-being, and increased activity were clearly noticeable. These were probably due to relief from the clinic's daily routine and to the intensification of interactions within the patient group and with the therapists. Although these changes did not persist in most patients after their return, a positive effect for further therapy planning was seen in at least four of them. This experience report concludes with a suggestion to include such trips in the proposed treatment schedule for long-term patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with an educational farm holiday.

In April 1995 an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred among 43 schoolchildren and four staff after a week's holiday at a rural farm. A retrospective cohort study found illness to be 3.8 times more likely in those who handled calves and 1.5 times more likely in those who habitually bit their nails or sucked their thumbs. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in faecal specimens from six of the 29 pupils and one of the four staff who were ill. Infection occurred in children despite supervised handwashing. The infection hazards of farm visits need more publicity, and further study on the risks of cryptosporidiosis transmission in the farm environment is required to guide preventive measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Illness in a summer holiday camp.

(1) The medical needs of patients staying at a holiday camp during the summer of 1974 have been analysed.(2) Medical advice was sought from a doctor about half as often as would have been expected from a comparable population at home, but the camp nurse saw three times as many patients as the doctor.(3) The clinical content of the consultation was analysed.(4) The outcome of the consultations and the role played by the nurse are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Perinatal listeriosis in a Dutch woman returning from holiday in France.

A case is reported of perinatal infection and fetal death due to Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4B in a 28-weeks pregnant woman, who had spent her holiday in an area in France where an epidemic outbreak of listeriosis had occurred. Sero- and phage-typing combined with sensitive DNA-typing demonstrated that the Listeria was identical to the strain responsible for the outbreak in France. Although listeriosis appears to be an uncommon cause of perinatal infection, practicing obstetricians should be aware of the possibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Tick-borne encephalitis complicated by a polio-like syndrome following a holiday in central Europe.

We report a case of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (CETE) in a 54-year-old man, presenting with fever and neurological complications following a holiday in Austria. A disease resembling paralytic poliomyelitis may develop with upper and lower extremity paralysis, as is the case in our patient. Our patient was most likely infected by eating goat's cheese, made of unpasteurised goat's milk. The diagnosis was confirmed by a positive IgM antibody response to the virus in the serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Cardiac arrest following holiday heart syndrome.

We describe the case of a patient who, after a binge, had an episode of ventricular fibrillation (holiday heart syndrome) and was successfully resuscitated. In the electrophysiological study, we found dual atrioventricular nodal pathways, an atrioventricular effective refractory period of 210 ms, and an inducible atrial fibrillation with a ventricular response of 210 bpm that produced hemodynamic collapse. Atrioventricular nodal modification by radiofrequency ablation was successfully performed. The patient stopped drinking alcohol and has remained completely asymptomatic. In this case, ventricular fibrillation was probably caused by the fibrillating atria combined with a fast AV node.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of whiskey on atrial vulnerability and "holiday heart".

Vulnerability to atrial fibrillation and flutter was examined in 11 alcohol abusers who did not have cardiomyopathy or manifest heart failure. Atrial extrastimulation was done with rapid pacing (drive cycle length 500 ms) to facilitate induction of atrial vulnerability, seen in four alcohol abusers. The remaining seven were retested 30 minutes after drinking 60 to 120 ml of 86 proof whiskey (ethanol blood levels were 49 to 101 mg/100 ml but pulmonary capillary wedge pressure remained normal in all) and atrial fibrillation or flutter was induced in three of the drinkers. Three nondrinkers, symptomatic with sinus bradycardia but not in heart failure, were found not to be vulnerable to atrial fibrillation or flutter, but flutter was induced in two of the three after drinking whiskey. Whiskey did not alter atrial functional refractory periods (mean +/- standard error of the mean 297 +/- 14 to 290 +/- 12 ms) or widen the dispersion among three disparate right atrial sites (57 +/- 13 to 47 +/- 12 ms). Thus, whiskey enhanced vulnerability to atrial fibrillation and flutter in patients without heart failure or cardiomyopathy, substantiating the "holiday heart" syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

'The holiday plug': a temporary solution to the problem of the leaking voice prosthesis.

Tracheo-oesophageal prostheses are commonly inserted in patients following total laryngectomy to improve the quality of the voice. Unfortunately the device eventually fails and requires replacement. A valve change, although well tolerated by patients, necessitates an out-patient visit and delay in its replacement can lead to problems of pneumonia or dehydration. In this short paper we describe a simple temporary solution for a leaking valve and recommend its use in patients who are delayed in returning to the unit for example when on holiday.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2004

Plasma exchange-associated immunoglobulin m-negative hantavirus disease after a camping holiday in southern france.

A 37-year-old Belgian patient presented with acute nephropathia epidemica (NE) shortly after a camping holiday in southern France. Unusual symptoms were initial noncardiogenic lung involvement, followed by severe acute renal failure, acute acalculous cholecystitis, presence of immunoblasts in the bone marrow, and hemolytic anemia, presenting as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Positive immunoglobulin (Ig) A and rising IgG titers against Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) were detected, but IgM remained negative on days 8 and 20. The results of reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction performed on day 8 were positive for PUUV. This is the first report of an iatrogenically IgM-negative hantavirus case due to the selective removal of heavy-weight molecules during plasma exchange via the centrifugation technique. This is also the first report of proven NE from the Mediterranean part of France.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Przewalski's naked carp (Gymnocypris przewalskii): an endangered species taking a metabolic holiday in Lake Qinghai, China.

The naked carp is an endangered cyprinid that migrates annually between freshwater rivers, where it spawns, and Lake Qinghai, where it feeds and grows. Lake Qinghai is a high-altitude lake (3,200 m) in western China that currently exhibits the following composition (in mmol L(-1): [Na(+)] 200, [Cl(-)] 173, [Mg(2+)] 36, [Ca(2+)] 0.23, [K(+)] 5.3, total CO(2) 21, titration alkalinity 29; osmolality 375 mOsm kg(-1); pH 9.3), but concentrations are increasing because of water diversion and climate change. We studied the physiology of river water to lake water transfer. When river fish are transferred to lake water, there is a transitory metabolic acidosis followed by a slight respiratory alkalosis, and hemoconcentration occurs. All plasma electrolytes rise over the initial 48 h, and final levels in lake water-acclimated fish are very close to lake water concentrations for [Na(+)], [Cl(-)], [K(+)], and osmolality, whereas [Ca(2+)] continues to be regulated well above ambient levels. However, [Mg(2+)] rises to a much greater extent (fourfold in 48 h); final plasma levels in lake fish may reach 12 mmol L(-1) but are still much lower than in lake water (36 mmol L(-1)). At the same time, urine flow rate decreases drastically to <5% of river water values; only the renal excretion of Mg(2+) is maintained. Both gill and kidney Na(+),K(+)-ATPase rapidly decline, with final levels in lake water fish only 30% and 70%, respectively, of those in river water fish. Metabolic rate also quickly decreases on exposure to lake water, with O(2) consumption and ammonia-N excretion rates eventually falling to only 60% and 30%, respectively, of those in river fish, while plasma ammonia rises fivefold. The fish appear to be benefiting from a metabolic holiday at present because of decreases in iono- and osmoregulatory costs while in lake water; elevated plasma [Mg(2+)] and ammonia may be additional factors depressing metabolic rate. If the lake continues to dehydrate, these benefits may change to pathology.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2005

Austrian Moderate Altitude Study (AMAS 2000): erythropoietic activity and Hb-O(2) affinity during a 3-week hiking holiday at moderate altitude in persons with metabolic syndrome.

Moderate altitude hypoxia (1500 to 2500 m) is known to stimulate erythropoiesis and to improve oxygen transport to tissue by a reduction of Hb-O(2) affinity. Whether this adaptation also occurs in tourists with metabolic syndrome has not yet been investigated sufficiently. Thus, we performed a prospective field study to measure erythropoietic parameters and oxygen transport properties in 24 male volunteers with metabolic syndrome during a 3- week holiday program at 1700 m consisting of four guided, individually adapted hiking tours per week. The following examinations were performed: baseline investigations at 500 m (T1); examinations at moderate altitude on day 1 (T2), day 4 (T3), day 9 (T4), and day 19 (T5); and postaltitude tests (T6) 7 to 10 days after return. On day 1 and day 19, a walk on a standardized hiking test route with oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) measure points was performed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and red cell count showed changes over time, with higher values at T5 as compared to baseline. Reticulocyte count and erythropoietin (EPO) were increased at T2 and increased further until T5. EPO declined toward prealtitude values. P50-value (blood PO(2) at 50% hemoglobin oxygen saturation at actual pH) increased during the altitude sojourn (maximum increase at T5 by +0.40 kPa). At T5 all volunteers had a higher SpO(2) before, during, and at the end of the test route compared to T1. During adaptation to moderate altitude, persons with metabolic syndrome exhibit an increase in EPO and a rightward shift of the oxygen dissociation curve that is similar to healthy subjects.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1996

Therapeutic implications of drug "holidays'.

While a patient may appear to be fully compliant with respect to quantity of medication ingested, the timing of doses can vary considerably. This may introduce protracted intervals between doses, particularly if dosing frequency is greater than once daily. This commonly presents in the form of drug holidays, where dosing is omitted for 1 or more days, followed by a resumption of full-strength dosing, possibly resulting in excessive drug effects when dosing suddenly resumes, rebound effects when dosing is suddenly stopped and a period without effective drug action. Poor compliance has not only been associated with poorer treatment outcome, but also with financial consequences. It has been suggested that hospitalization due to non-compliance accounts for 11.7% of all healthcare expenditure in the U.S.A. Differences between drugs, in terms of both their concentration-time profiles and their duration of action, will lead to some agents being more effective than others in the face of interruptions in dosage. A drug with an intrinsically long duration of action, such as the calcium antagonist amlodipine, will provide better therapeutic coverage than those with a shorter duration of action and therefore minimize effects generated by an intermittent pattern of dosing.

Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1986

Dietary carbohydrate deficits and hypoglycaemia in the young diabetic on holiday.

On two British Diabetic Association Educational Holidays, 67 children aged 6-9 years had their diabetic management analysed and hypoglycaemic episodes recorded. The average pre-camp carbohydrate prescription of the children was found to be 44 g below minimal recommended values. Hypoglycaemic episodes were more frequent in those with greater carbohydrate deficits and morning insulin doses in excess of 0.7 U/kg. The management of the young diabetic at camp should include a pre-camp analysis with appropriate adjustment of diet and insulin to minimize hypoglycaemic crises. Guideline figures are proposed for average age-related carbohydrate intake.

Blood Glucose↗