PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Incubators, Infant”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Mothers' perceptions of their preterm infants treated in an incubator or on a heated water-filled mattress: a pilot study.

Ten Swedish and 23 Turkish mothers delivering premature infants with a birth weight of less than 2000 g were investigated concerning their attitudes and feelings towards their newborn babies when the infants were treated either in an air-heated incubator or on a heated water-filled mattress (HWM). The first interview took place during the first few days after delivery and the second interview in the case of the Swedish study two weeks later and in the Turkish study one week later. In the first interview, feelings of fear, unreality and insecurity predominated, although significantly more so among the mothers of the incubator group. These feelings had changed strikingly by the time of the second interview among the mothers whose infants were treated on the HWM, but persisted to a large extent among the mothers whose infants remained in an incubator. The results of both investigations indicate that the mothers' perceptions of their infants improves when the prematurely born infant is treated on an HWM instead of in an incubator.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Incubation of very immature infants.

The range of thermal control and the thermoneutral range of preterm infants under 30 weeks' gestation was calculated by extrapolation of data from studies on more mature infants. Even assuming some thermoregulatory capacity, the range of control is less than 3 degrees C, the thermoneutral range is less than 0.5 degrees C, and both are greatly influenced by the rate of transepidermal water loss. Measurements of metabolic rate and effective thermal environment made on 6 infants under 30 weeks' gestation in the first week of life showed that the very preterm infant exerts little thermoregulatory control and that variations in transepidermal water loss are a major factor determining the appropriate thermal environment.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1997

Thermal equipment usage patterns in neonatal intensive care units: interunit variability and intraunit consistency.

We conducted a survey and audit of thermal equipment use in very low-birth-weight infants in five Ohio neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to document regional practice. The survey indicated a variety of thermal care styles. Two NICUs preferred to admit infants to incubators, the other three favoring radiant warmers. These three NICUs moved infants from radiant warmers into incubators at significantly different mean ages. The audit demonstrated inconsistent use of plastic covers, warming mattresses, and added humidity under radiant warmers, and discrepancies between survey responses and actual use within NICUs. Inter-NICU variability of thermal equipment use may complicate fluid management.

Beds↗
PubMed1997

Thermal balance in term and preterm newborn infants nursed in an incubator equipped with a radiant heat source.

A radiant hood warmer, a device that heats the incubator roof independently of the incubator's main heat source, was used to study the thermal balance of 11 full term and 13 preterm (gestational age 25-34 weeks) infants exposed to an isolated elevation of incubator roof temperature at stable ambient air temperature and humidity. After initial measurements without active heating of the incubator roof, the hood warmer was set to 33 degrees C, 36 degrees C and finally (preterm infants only) to 39 degrees C. At least 18 min of measurements with the infant asleep were made at each hood warmer setting. In the term infants an increase in roof temperature from 30.5 degrees C to 35.6 degrees C resulted in an increase in skin temperature from 35.4 to 35.9 degrees C, and a decrease in radiative heat loss from 32.8 to 20.7 W/m2 exposed skin. In the preterm infants an increase in roof temperature from 31.0 to 38.4 degrees C led to an increase in skin temperature from 35.7 to 36.3 degrees C and a decrease in radiative heat loss from 34.1 to 13.0 W/m2 exposed skin. The increased inner roof surface temperature did not affect evaporative or convective heat loss, skin blood flow, respiratory water loss, oxygen consumption or transepidermal water loss in either group. Thus, at stable ambient air temperature and humidity, the increase in incubator roof temperature resulted in an increase in skin temperature and a decrease in radiative heat loss in both term and preterm infants.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Neonatal infrared axillary thermometry.

The authors compared axillary skin temperatures (AT) measured with an infrared (IR) thermometer (Lightouch Neonate, Exergen Corp) with rectal temperatures (RT) in 16 newly born term infants under radiant warmers (RW) and in cribs. Twelve stable, growing premature infants in incubators were also studied. This new device may be useful because of safety and rapid results (1 second), but clinical accuracy is unknown. For term infants, mean (SD) RT-AT difference was 0.1 (0.48) degree C under RW and 0.25 (0.17) degree C 2 hours later in cribs. For premature infants in incubators the mean RT-AT difference was 0.09 (0.16) degree C. Axillary temperatures measured by IR thermometer approximate RT for newly born term infants in cribs and stable premature infants in incubators. For newly born term infants under RW, RT-AT differences vary more widely, limiting clinical usefulness in this setting. The device, the unique age of this population, and the RW environment may play a role.

Axilla↗
PubMed1991

Is neonatal inspired gas humidity accurately controlled by humidifier temperature?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate: a) the relationship between humidifier temperature and inspired gas humidity and b) the effect of insulating the inspiratory tube on "rainout" (condensate). DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Regional neonatal unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS: Forty-eight infants receiving assisted ventilation, of whom 31 infants were nursed in incubators and 17 under radiant heaters. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Despite always maintaining humidifier temperature greater than 34.7 degrees C, inspired gas humidity decreased below the American National Standards Institution minimum of 30 mg H2O/L on 35 of 479 occasions. At a humidifier temperature of 36 degrees C, inspired gas humidity varied between 17 and 43 mg H2O/L. In incubators set at a temperature of 34.1 +/- 1.3 (SD) degrees C, inspired gas humidity was linearly related to humidifier temperature, but with wide scatter (p less than .001, r2 = .28). In cooler incubators set at 32.9 +/- 1.8 degrees C, inspired gas humidity varied inversely with humidifier temperature. This variation was attributed to condensate due to inspired gas cooling within the incubator. Insulation of the inspiratory tubing reduced condensate by only 15%. CONCLUSIONS: Inspired gas humidity cannot be predicted reliably from humidifier temperature. Accurate control will require a new generation of humidifiers that measure inspired gas humidity.

Equipment Design↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of environment on body site temperatures in full-term neonates.

The effect of environment on temperature was examined by comparing tympanic, rectal, inguinal, and axillary temperatures for 63 term infants in three environments: incubator, bassinet, and radiant warmer. Tympanic temperatures were collected with a FirstTemp (Intelligent Medical Systems, Carlsbad, CA) infrared thermometer in the cal-tympanic mode. Rectal, inguinal, and axillary temperatures were collected with an IVAC digital thermometer (San Diego, CA) in the predictive mode. There were moderate correlations between the body site temperatures. The environment significantly influenced temperature readings at the different sites. Temperatures assessed in the superheated environments of the radiant warmer and the incubator were consistently higher than temperatures in the bassinet.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1987

Cardiovascular changes in preterm infants nursed under radiant warmers.

Radiant heat is known to increase insensible water loss and, to a certain extent, oxygen consumption. Little is known about its cardiovascular effects. We measured cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and lower limb and skin blood flow in 20 preterm newborn infants nursed in an incubator and under a radiant warmer at an abdominal skin temperature of 36.5 degrees C. Mean (+/- SEM) birth weight was 1.57 (0.06) kg, gestational age 31.7 (0.4) weeks, and weight at examination 1.69 (0.02) kg; median postnatal age was 15 days. Skin and limb blood flow measurements increased by 44% to 55% with radiant heat (P less than .001 and P less than .01, respectively). Cardiac output increased by 5.4% (P less than .02) under the radiant warmer secondary to a small but significant (P less than .05) increase in heart rate. The changes in cardiac output during radiant heat administration are comparable to those reported for oxygen consumption.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed2003

Preterm infant thermal responses to caregiving differ by incubator control mode.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of caregiving on preterm infant and incubator temperature and to investigate incubator control mode in thermal responses to caregiving. STUDY DESIGN: The intensive within-subject design involved continuous recording of infant and incubator temperature and videotaping throughout a 24-hour period in 40 hospitalized preterm infants. Temperature at care onset was compared with care offset, and 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes following care offset using ANOVA-RM. RESULTS: Following caregiving, infant and incubator temperature differed significantly over time by incubator control mode. In air servo-control, infant temperature tended to decrease after caregiving, while in skin servo-control infant temperature remained relatively stable. With caregiving, incubator temperature remained consistent in air servo-control and increased in skin servo-control. CONCLUSIONS: The temperature effects of caregiving should be considered relative to maintenance of thermoneutrality and unintentional thermal stimulation.

Body Temperature↗