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PubMed2002

Co-infection of Onchocerca volvulus and intestinal helminths in indigenous and migrant farmers in southwest Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional survey on onchocerciasis and intestinal helminthic infections was conducted in two villages around the town of Teppi, south-west of Ethiopia on a total of 308 subjects of which 180 indigenous and 128 migrant settlers aged 10 years and above who lived in the area for at least 5 years. Of the total study subjects, 65% were males. The majority (64%) of the study subjects were in the age range of 21-40 years. The results of stool and skin snip examinations for ova/parasite and microfilaria revealed that, 62% (190) and 81% (248) of the study subjects were positive for intestinal parasites and microfilariderma respectively. Fifty percent (154) of the total subjects in the two villages had both onchocerciasis and intestinal helminthic infections. However, 80% (94/118) of the stool negative subjects also had onchocerciasis indicating that onchocercal skin infection has no significant influence on the acquisition of intestinal helminthic infections or vice versa [(relative risk 1.04, 95% CI 0.91, 1.18) P > 0.05]. Sixty-five percent (161/248) of the total skin snip positive individuals had microfilarial load of > 10 mf/mg of skin snip. The proportion of multiple infections with 2 or more intestinal helminthes was recorded in 51% (96/190) of individuals positive for intestinal parasitosis. There was a significant (x2 = 8.41, P < 0.005) difference in the onchocerciasis infection rate among indigenous (88%) and migrant (75%). No direct association was observed between onchocerciasis and intestinal parasitosis in the two study groups (indigenous and migrant settlers). The public health significance of coexistence of the two diseases, and the need for intensive control measures are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical treatment and problem of massive small intestinal resection in children--assessment of background diseases and actual management].

From 1971 to 1986, massive small intestinal resection was done in twenty-five cases; intestinal atresia 12, intestinal volvulus 9, necrotizing enterocolitis 2, intussusception 1 and gastroschisis 1. Thirteen cases (52%) of them have survived. Of 12 cases with intestinal atresia undergoing small intestinal resection, 7 cases had atresias of multiple type, on the other hand, in intestinal volvulus, 4 of 9 cases without malrotation have had massive small intestinal resection, compared with 5 of 30 cases with malrotation. Many clinical problems have occurred after massive small intestinal resection, especially in cases with short bowel syndrome (shorter than 30 cm in length), but home parenteral nutrition has become one of the key treatments for cases with short bowel syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Sudden death in children due to mesenteric defect and mesenteric cyst.

Two cases of sudden death in young female children due to small intestinal volvulus are reported, which involved a mesenteric defect and a mesenteric cyst. Death due to small intestinal volvulus is uncommon, especially when complicated by either a mesenteric defect or cyst.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Changing pattern of acute intestinal obstruction in a tropical African population.

A study of one hundred and forty-two patients with acute intestinal obstruction over a period of ten years (January 1985-December 1994) at Wesley Guild Hospital was undertaken to determine the pattern and outcome of this problem in a tropical African population. There was a preponderance of males over females; ratio 1.7:1. Mean age was 33 years and over half of the patients were aged between two and 30 years. There was a second peak age incidence among elderly patients between 50-80 years. Abdominal pain, vomiting and constipation were common symptoms, while abdominal distension and tenderness were common clinical findings. Intraperitoneal adhesions were responsible in 41.5%; there was associated intestinal volvulus in 25.4% of the cases of intraperitoneal adhesions. In 16.9%, strangulated external hernia was responsible for acute intestinal obstruction. Small intestinal volvulus was encountered in 20 cases (14.1%) and associated with adhesion in 75% of the cases. Intussusception occurred in 14.1% of cases of which 70% of the patients were below the age of 15 years. In 15 (10.6%) patients, there were volvulus of the sigmoid colon, with 80% (12 patients) having gangrenous bowel segments. Ascaris were responsible in 3.5% of the patients and large bowel tumour in 2.8%. Other rare causes were internal hernia and ileal pseudo obstruction. Adhesiolysis and intestinal resection were the commonest operative procedures. Common complications were wound infection in 16.2%, postoperative fever in 10.6% and chest infection in 9.1%. A mortality rate of 8.4% was recorded.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Caecal volvulus in pregnancy: is delay in diagnosis avoidable?

Intestinal volvulus is not an uncommon cause of obstruction in pregnancy. Diagnosis is often delayed due to poor knowledge of the condition and a hesitation to use abdominal X-rays in a pregnant patient. Here, two cases of caecal volvulus in pregnancy are reported. Proper diagnosis and early treatment of the condition is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Extensive small bowel resections].

Bowel resections of at least 70% of the total length give rise to nutritional and metabolic disorders. The consequences are also related to the site of the resection itself, to the causative disease and thus to the patient's morphological and functional adaptation capacity. Over the past 20 years we have operated on 32 patients for vascular disorders, Crohn's disease, intestinal volvulus, actinic enteritis, and ileo-caecal carcinoma. In all patients total parenteral nutrition was started and followed by enteral nutrition and oral feeding after variable periods of time. The postoperative course, in terms of adaptation and stabilisation, was regular on most cases: only in the patients operated on for Crohn's disease was symptom and nutritional remission belated or incomplete. The perioperative mortality was 34% (11 patients). The extent of the resection was often conditioned by the topography of irreversible anatomico-pathological lesions and only in one case did a colic resection prove necessary. In more extensive resections, involving a longer adaptation time, enteral nutrition was supplemented with total parenteral nutrition for lengthier periods.

Cecal Neoplasms↗