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PubMed1992

[Use of pronouns: formal and functional aspects in the early phases of language development].

This article presents findings from empirical studies of the development of the use of pronouns in early child language. This presentation includes discussion of 1) when personal, reflexive, possessive, and indefinite pronominal forms appear in child-initiated contexts, 2) which errors emerge, and 3) which communicative functions utterances with pronouns have in dialogue. A first comparison of German-speaking and (American-)English-speaking children's usage is offered, focussing in particular on the use of the pronominal forms I/ich, you/du, and my/mein. This crosslinguistic comparison reveals differences in the age of first use, but simultaneously suggests similarities in functional characteristics of such usage. The findings are discussed in connection with the question of the development of children's communicative competence.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

The influence of otitis media with effusion on speech and language development and psycho-intellectual behaviour of the preschool child--results of a cross-sectional study in 1,512 children.

To investigate the influence of otitis media with effusion (OME) on the psychological, social and intellectual development of preschool children, a cross-sectional study in 1,512 apparently healthy children, aged 25-80 months, attending kindergarten (infant school) was performed. Tympanometry and evaluation of the various psychological, social and intellectual parameters by the infant school teacher (assisted by a sociologist) were the most important diagnostical tools in this study. It was demonstrated that OME had a negative influence on speech/language development, intelligence, attention at school, activity at school, manual skill and social behaviour of the 2 to 6 year old child. For speech and language the negative influence was most clearly demonstrated in the youngest age group (less than 47 months), for intelligence and activity in the older age groups. Early detection and appropriate treatment of OME are recommended to avoid these complications.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1988

Otitis media and language development.

Otitis media can be a vexing, recurrent problem. An episode is often treated with antibiotics, followed by reevaluation at two weeks. The complete resolution of effusion, however, may never be documented. Impairments in children's speech, language and cognition have been related to chronic and continuous middle ear disease. Responses to antibiotic regimens must be carefully monitored. Follow-up is essential.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗