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PubMed1996

Improved management of depression through nursing model application and critical thinking.

Nurse practitioners need to integrate nursing and medical models as they practice. This paper explores the application of the Neuman systems model and critical thinking to synthesize, analyze, and evaluate the complex and multidimensional aspects of depression from nursing and medical perspectives. An integrative approach using this model and critical thinking facilitates appropriate management. Multiple nursing diagnoses for depression are derived by Neuman systems model variables. Primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions appropriate to both this model and critical thinking are recommended.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1989

Theories and models of nursing and the nursing process.

In summary, nursing models can be evaluated by carefully considering how human beings are conceptualised within a model, how adequately the model guides nurses in the decision-making associated with all stages of the nursing process and how appropriate is the expected role of the nurse. Reference to the criteria for evaluating nursing theory (Fig. 1) demonstrates that not only can nursing models be regarded as the precursors of nursing theory but some evaluative criteria for nursing theory develop from ways of evaluating nursing models (Fig. 2). The essence of this paper has been to consider nursing theory and its place in the current climate of concern both about nursing's professional status and about standards of patient care. The difficulty in defining theory has been briefly explored and suggestions have been made of possible ways of evaluating nursing theory. A distinction has been drawn between nursing models and nursing theory with a rationale for considering nursing models as precursors of nursing theory especially as there are similarities in the criteria used to evaluate them both. The nursing process has been described as a systematic, problem-solving approach to care. It is neither a nursing model nor a theory but rather one way of organising nursing activities. A major dilemma has been omitted from this paper, however, which nonetheless deserves mention here. This dilemma is identified and summarised by Jacox (1974) among others. The question posed is: Can and should we develop nursing theories?' (Jacox's emphasis). The main competing arguments put forward by Jacox are on the one hand that there are no phenomena or activities peculiar to nursing around which nursing theory can develop, and on the other hand that there is a need for a specified body of knowledge to inform nursing practice. Efforts to establish a firmer body of knowledge on which to base nursing practice may help to identify the unique function of the nurse. This will only be achieved if practising nurses take a keen interest in developing rigorous approaches to the evaluation of nursing models and theories. Craig (1980) has linked theory development and its integration with nursing practice to professional survival. If nurses cannot identify phenomena and activities that are peculiar to nursing and if they are not prepared to safeguard these areas of practice, then the future of nursing looks bleak. Project 2000 (UKCC 1986) offers an opportunity for nurses to be more willing and able to critically consider nursing's unique contribution to health care.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

The evaluation of a nursing model for long-stay psychiatric patient care. Part 1--Literature review and methodology.

A modified action research approach was used to implement a selected nursing model on a long-stay psychiatric ward. Within a broader quasi-experimental design, specific quality of care indicators were appraised before and after the implementation of the model. These dependent variables were also monitored on a control ward and data were collected on both wards at one pre-test and two post-test points. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the literature and the methodology for the study. Planned change theory was used as a guiding framework for the implementation of the model and this process is described in detail.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A nursing model of overdose assessment.

Assessing people following a suicide attempt is an opportunity for therapeutic intervention and for gathering essential information. This article outlines a nursing model for assessing people admitted to hospital following a drug overdose. The model is presented alongside a case study demonstrating its application in practice.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Nursing models in a special hospital: cybernetics, hyperreality and beyond.

Two emerging themes that resulted from research carried out in a special hospital on the use of nursing models are identified. The first theme to emerge was the tendency of the subjects to perceive the models as concrete entities thus undergoing a process of reification. The second theme identified was the adherence to the models outside the contextual nature of the setting which limited their effectiveness. A theoretical framework in which to locate the results of the study is explored using cybernetic learning theory and the notion of hyperreality, using the works of Jean Baudrillard. A method for innovation and changing practice in the special hospital setting is suggested.

Cybernetics↗
PubMed1996

Implementing a nursing model for ward-based students.

This article describes how a staff group adapted to a change in students' learning requirements. Using the principles outlined in the nursing model being adopted by their college (Peplau 1980), the staff attempted to link their clinical environment with the students' objectives. The author concludes that by responding positively to the change, students and staff benefited from the new approach.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

A nursing model in action: the University of British Columbia experience.

At the University of British Columbia (UBC) School of Nursing, a model building challenge in the early 1970s launched 2 decades of model development and application projects. In this paper, selected creative applications will illustrate the utility of a nursing model beyond its explicit direction for clinical practice decision-making. The UBC Model for Nursing had been applied as a basis for curriculum development and teaching strategies in a baccalaureate programme as well as a foundation for nursing administrative decisions in a variety of clinical agencies.

British Columbia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sustaining the Geriatric Resource Nurse Model at the University of Virginia.

This article describes the continued evolution of the Geriatric Resource Nurse Model at the University of Virginia, one of the original NICHE (Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders) sites established in 1994. The model developed slowly, unit by unit, a few nurses at a time, and has evolved with a multidisciplinary focus. Flexibility, mentoring relationships, a core curriculum, additional stimulating educational offerings, and a strong leadership team have been key influences on sustainability and growth.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Roper nursing model as an educational and research tool.

Models are thought to be of value as guides to professional practice; however, nursing models are often criticized. This article examines the concept of a model as a 'tool' and describes how the Roper model was used in a research project and proved to be both flexible and educationally sound as a teaching model.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Implementing and evaluating an attending nurse model.

The role of "Attending Nurse" responds to the need for a cost-effective role for experienced clinical nurses which provides increased autonomy and job satisfaction. Using Lewin's Theory of Change, a task force at UCLA Neuropsychiatric Hospital implemented a project in the Adolescent Developmental Disabilities Unit. Response was very positive both from nursing personnel and the multidisciplinary team, all of whom were involved in planning, implementation and evaluation. For Attending Nurses, overall job satisfaction improved, role conflict decreased and retention increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The Albrecht nursing model for home health care: implications for research, practice, and education.

Home health care has become increasingly popular with consumers. Despite this movement of care away from the hospital, the literature does not contain a comprehensive nursing model of home health care. The need for a model to guide nursing research and ultimately, nursing practice and education is apparent. Four health service delivery models are available to be applied to home health care nursing; however, analysis of all four demonstrates a need for one specific to home care nursing.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1999

An innovative professional nursing practice model.

Nursing, as with health care delivery, is changing to meet the greater challenges brought about by managed care and the accompanying external forces in the marketplace. Nurses, with their vast resources of knowledge and experience, are crucial in achieving optimal quality care. Given the opportunity to redefine and strengthen the impact of nursing practice at Piedmont Medical Center in Atlanta, Georgia, a group of advanced practice nurses began developing a unique practice model. The resulting Professional Nursing Practice Model--a theoretical framework created for nurses by nurses--presents a common vision of human beings, health, and nursing in accordance with the values and beliefs of nursing. This model demonstrates the importance of a person-centered, value-driven nursing practice across the continuum of health from birth to death.

Empathy↗
PubMed1990

Nursing model of care promotes elderly independence.

A crucial need exists for more widespread adoption of nursing models of care in meeting health-care requirements of elderly citizens. A specific model designed to enhance client autonomy is offered as a method of promoting independent functioning of older clients having multichronic disease processes and functional limitations.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2005

A community-oriented primary care nursing model in an international setting that emphasizes partnerships.

PURPOSE: To present an interdisciplinary, community-oriented primary care nursing model that effectively draws upon the strengths of advanced practice nurses (APNs), both nurse practitioners and community health nurses. DATA SOURCES: Articles in professional nursing journals, international data sources, and the clinical experiences of the authors, both domestic and international. CONCLUSIONS: The model, developed domestically, was utilized successfully by APNs internationally in a medical mission endeavor in rural Haiti. Many partners, domestic and Haitian, worked as an interdisciplinary team to deliver quality health care to an impoverished population. Graduate nursing students participated in the program, which offered opportunities and challenges for both novice and expert nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nurse practitioners, community health nurses, and nursing faculty members can use this model to enhance their professional practice. They can learn that clients can be optimally cared for whether the community served is domestic or international. Nursing faculty can teach graduate nursing students about the value of partnerships and collaboration.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1991

Critical care nurse model.

An innovative organizational framework is proposed in which professional group practices provide health care services by contract to hospitals and nurses and other health care providers have equal authority and power. Using this model, nurses can form group practices and contract with hospitals to provide total critical care nursing services to patients in hospital units.

Contract Services↗