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Results for “Neurodevelopmental Disorders”

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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

What research with animals is telling us about alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder.

The substantial advances in understanding fetal alcohol syndrome over the past 20 years were made in large part because of research with animals. This review illustrates recent progress in animal research by focusing primarily on the central nervous system effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Current findings suggest further progress in understanding consequences, risk factors, mechanisms, prevention and treatment will depend on continued research with animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Mechanisms of verbal memory impairment in four neurodevelopmental disorders.

Profiles of verbal learning and memory performance were compared for typically developing children and for four developmental disorders characterized by different patterns of language functioning: specific language impairment, early focal brain damage, Williams Syndrome, and Down Syndrome. A list-learning task was used that allowed a detailed examination of the process of verbal learning, recall, and recognition (California Verbal Learning Test--Children's Version). Distinct patterns of performance characterized the four disorders. These patterns were consistent with the language deficits typically seen in the disorders, with the exception of a dissociation seen in Williams Syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Somatic mutation in MECP2 as a non-fatal neurodevelopmental disorder in males.

Rett syndrome is a cause of severe learning disability in girls and is associated with a characteristic history and movement disorder. It is an X-linked dominant condition associated with mutations of the MECP2 gene on the distal part of the X-chromosome. If present in a male conceptus, the mutation is usually lethal. We present evidence to show that males can be affected by Rett syndrome. In the boy presented, this situation came about because cells containing the MECP2 mutation existed alongside a normal cell line. Somatic mosaicism could explain the occurrence of other X-linked dominant disorders in males, when they would normally be lethal.

Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone↗
PubMed2003

Deficient coordination of associated postural adjustments during a lifting task in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Precision grip and concomitant anticipatory postural adjustments were investigated in 11 children (three females, eight males; mean age 9 years 1 month, SD 11 months) with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); 12 children (three females, nine males; mean age 9 years, SD 7 months) with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and 13 children (two females, 11 males; mean age 9 years 9 months, SD 11 months) with a combination of ADHD and DCD (ADHD+). There were two comparison groups: an age-matched group (four females, 11 males; mean age 9 years 1 month, SD 14 months) and a younger age group (five females, six males; mean age 6 years 5 months, SD 8 months). Adaptation to different weights was evaluated by lifting a specialized grip instrument monitoring grip force, load force, and centre of foot pressure displacements. Children with ADHD+ showed: (1) excessive grip forces, (2) decreased amplitude and prolonged onset of postural adjustments, and (3) reduced ability to adapt the motor output. Children with ADHD and DCD did not scale manual and postural forces in amplitude and time domains. Children with DCD also differed in delayed timing of postural adjustments. Results indicate that children with ADHD and DCD show a spectrum of neural dysfunctions underlying poor motor coordination, which are not specific to the clinical disorder.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗