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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Multilevel subtotal corpectomy and interbody fusion using a fibular bone graft for cervical myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

A retrospective study of the outcomes of multilevel anterior decompression and interbody fusion for cervical myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) was performed to both investigate the long-term results and assess the cause of late deterioration. Twenty-seven patients (mean age, 58.1 years) underwent this procedure and were followed for at least 5 years. The severity of the clinical symptoms was described using the scoring system for cervical myelopathy proposed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA score). The average preoperative JOA score was 7.7, and the score at final follow-up was 13.4 with a recovery rate of 62.0%. A delayed deterioration was attributed to a thoracolumbar lesion other than a compromising alteration of the cervical spine. Consequently, this method of treatment for OPLL could stop the progress of ossification and keep a physiological cervical alignment and thus provide good long-term results.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Carminerin contributes to chondrocyte calcification during endochondral ossification.

Endochondral ossification is an essential process not only for physiological skeletal development and growth, but also for pathological disorders. We recently identified a novel cartilage-specific molecule, carminerin (also known as cystatin 10 and encoded by Cst10), which is upregulated in synchrony with cartilage maturation and stimulates the later differentiation of cultured chondrocytes. Although carminerin-deficient (Cst10-/-) mice developed and grew normally, they had a microscopic decrease in the calcification of hypertrophic chondrocytes at the growth plate. When we created experimental models of pathological endochondral ossification, we observed suppression of chondrocyte calcification during formation of osteoarthritic osteophytes, age-related ectopic ossification and healing of bone fractures in Cst10-/- mice. Cultured Cst10-/- chondrocytes showed a reduction in calcification with activation of an SRY site in the promoter of the gene encoding nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1, encoded by Enpp1). Functional NPP1 is required for carminerin deficiency to suppress the pathological endochondral ossifications listed above. Carminerin is the first cartilage-specific protein that contributes to chondrocyte calcification during endochondral ossification under physiological and pathological conditions through the transcriptional inhibition of NPP1.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Relative safety of anterior microsurgical decompression versus laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy with a massive ossified posterior longitudinal ligament.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study was conducted. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relative safety of anterior microsurgical decompression with iliac strut graft fusion versus laminoplasty for a massive ossified posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The question of how the treatment for cervical myelopathy associated with a massive ossified posterior longitudinal ligament can be improved remains unclear. METHODS: Addressing this question involved analyzing the data for 26 patients who had undergone either an anterior (n = 14) or posterior procedure (n = 12) for a large ossified posterior longitudinal ligament with the thickness exceeding 50% of the bony canal diameter (average, 65%; range, 52-81%). RESULTS: The two groups showed no statistical difference in preoperative factors including age, duration of symptoms, functional score, maximal occupancy ratio of the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament to the canal, and magnetic resonance findings such as the longitudinal extent of distinct cord indentations and the degrees of spinal cord flattening. Despite comparable postoperative improvement of the cord flattening between the two groups, the anterior procedure showed a significantly better functional result (P < 0.003) with no neurologic complications. In comparison, laminoplasty was associated with a significant neurologic deterioration immediately after surgery in four patients (33%). CONCLUSIONS: Anterior microsurgical decompression for a massive ossified posterior longitudinal ligament, although technically more demanding, seems counterintuitively safer than laminoplasty. For a better understanding of the underlying mechanism for neurologic worsening after laminoplasty, electrophysiologic monitoring of the spinal cord and the roots function seems essential not only during surgery, but also during presurgical positioning of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Light- and electron-microscopic observations on the mandibular condylar cartilages in growing rats on a low-calcium diet.

In order to obtain more insight into the physiologic mechanism of endochondral ossification, histological changes occurring in the mandibular condylar cartilage of growing rats fed on a low-calcium diet were investigated by light and electron microscopy. Twenty-three-day-old rats were fed on a normal diet or a low-calcium diet for 8 weeks. For the histological observations the mandibular condyles were dissected from each animal at 1, 2, 4, 5 and 8 weeks after the initiation of the experiment. Histological changes occurring in the mandibular condylar cartilages of the rats fed on a low-calcium diet were as follows: (1) narrow proliferative and mature cell zones and a wide hypertrophic cell zone, (2) inhibition of development of cell organelles in the mature chondrocytes, (3) decrease in dead cells in the proliferative zone, (4) decrease in glycogen accumulation in the chondrocytes and (5) inhibition of calcification in the extracellular matrix of the hypertrophic cell zone. Additionally at the end of the experimental period, the following findings were observed: (1) appearance of small light cells in the mature cell zone and the hypertrophic cell zone and (2) decrease in proteoglycan granules and appearance of large collagen fibrils in the pericellular region of the hypertrophic cell zone.

Animals↗