PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “PYELOGRAPHY”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Antegrade pyelography in ureteric duplications with obstructed upper segments.

Percutaneous puncture under fluoroscopic control followed by antegrade pyelography was employed in three children, two of them neonates, suspected of having complete duplication of the ureter with obstructed upper segments on the basis of the excretory pyelographic and ultrasonographic findings. This simple, uncomplicated and definitive method confirmed the diagnosis and demonstrated the course, termination and effects of the dilated ectopic ureter.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Infusion intravenous pyelography and renal function. Effects in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Acute renal failure (ARF) following infusion intravenous pyelography (IVP) has been reported in patients with chronic renal insufficiency, particularly diabetics. Renal function was evaluated before and after infusion IVP in 40 patients with chronic renal insufficiency. In 11 of 12 (92%) diabetics and 17 of 28 (61%) nondiabetics, a 25% or greater increase in serum creatinine values and/or decrease in creatinine clearance was noted after IVP despite adequate hydration in all patients. The maximum decrease in kidney function occurred within three days and usually returned to or near pre-IVP levels in seven to ten days. At least 70% of the patients had hypertension and/or evidence of vascular disease. The data suggest that preexisting vascular disease in the kidney, possibly associated with the known vasoconstricting effects of contrast media, may be an important factor in the ARF following infusion IVP.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1981

Infusion intravenous pyelography and renal function. Effect of hypertonic mannitol in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

In a previous prospective study, we reported that infusion intravenous pyelography (IVP) in 40 patients with chronic renal insufficiency resulted in acute renal failure (ARF) in 28 patients (70%). In an attempt to prevent this complication, we have evaluated the conditions of another group of 37 patients with chronic renal insufficiency treated in a similar manner except that each patient received 250 mL of 20% mannitol 60 minutes after infusion of the IVP dye (diatrizoate sodium, 300 mL of a 30% solution). These patients were similar to those in the previous study with regard to age, sex, renal function, and incidence of diabetes. Only eight (22%) of the 37 patients had ARF develop after infusion IVP in this study. This incidence was significantly lower compared with 70% in the previous study. We conclude that administration of hypertonic mannitol 60 minutes after administration of the radiographic contrast material is highly effective in preventing ARF after infusion IVP in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

[Intravenous pyelography with visualization of renal arteries and pyelogram wash-out, as the method of choice for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (author's transl)].

The authors review the various techniques of intravenous arteriography before an excretory urogram and discuss their role in the etiological diagnosis of hypertension. Detection of renovascular disease classically implied Seldinger arteriography, with its limited indications, because of side effects and cost. This classical approach should now be systematically replaced by the visualization of renal arteries during the intravenous pyelography procedure which appears to be a method more effective, as well as less expensive and hazardous. The pyelogram wash-out should still be performed when the visualization of the renal arteries is poor because of its value in the screening for renovascular hypertension. Furthermore, when a renal artery stenosis is clearly defined, the wash-out of the pyelogram should also be performed because of its prognostic value. As the classical approach for the etiological diagnosis of hypertension, this technique has limited indications. It is indicated in severe hypertension in the young, when medical treatment does not control blood pressure satisfactorily or when renal failure progresses rapidly. Furthermore, this technique allows a non traumatic follow up of operated or dilated stenoses.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1983

Hematuria after blunt trauma: when is pyelography useful?

Blood in the urine is common following blunt abdominal trauma. Most trauma centers routinely perform limited intravenous pyelography (IVP), usually with cystography, in such individuals presenting with any degree of hematuria in order to identify urinary tract injury. The observation that the yield of positive IVPs is small among such individuals, and the suspicion that a positive IVP rarely leads to a substantive change in outcome, resulted in the following retrospective study. We reviewed our Trauma Center's records for all patients undergoing IVP following blunt trauma in a 1-year period. Virtually all individuals had a cystogram performed. Positive studies were defined by various kidney, ureteral, bladder, or urethral abnormalities; bladder deviation by extrinsic pelvic hematoma was not counted as a positive finding. Among 156 patients undergoing IVP for hematuria in this period, 13 (8.3%) had an abnormal IVP or cystogram. Of these 13 patients ten (77%) had either gross or 4+ hematuria. Five patients (3%) required further diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. One patient (0.6%) required nephrectomy when exploration revealed renal artery thrombosis causing irreversible kidney ischemia. All five patients who required further evaluation or therapy presented with gross or 4+ hematuria. Had screening IVP been performed only in blunt trauma victims presenting with gross or 4+ hematuria, no patients with significant urinary tract injury would have been missed, and 119 (75%) of the patients in this series would have been spared the expenditure of time and money, and the radiation and dye exposure, resulting from their negative studies. Individuals in whom the possibility of renal injury is high following blunt trauma (flank pain or hematoma, low rib fractures) should undergo rapid limited IVP for diagnosis of significant genitourinary tract injury. Such evaluation should also be carried out in asymptomatic individuals who present with gross or 4+ hematuria. Microscopic hematuria alone, however, is a poor predictor of significant genitourinary tract damage. Our review suggests that asymptomatic victims of blunt trauma who have only small amounts of blood in the urine may safely be observed without routine emergency IVP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Carcinoma of the kidney and generalised thorotrastosis after retrograde pyelography (author's transl)].

A 70 years old patient is presented who was nephrectomized because of carcinoma of the kidney following retrograde pyelography with Thorotrast in 1940. Despite of local application of the contrast medium thorotrastosis was also seen in liver, spleen and probably in bone marrow. Possible causal connections are discussed. Thorium was identified in the kidney and in the liver with an electron beam microprobe.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Arterial time of intravenous pyelography: initial results (author's transl)].

The authors consider that attention should be paid to the arterial time in intravenous pyelography in all patients who undergo the examination. Manual injection or an injector containing 80 to 100 ml of 38% iodine contrast medium set at a speed of 20 ml/sec, on the one hand, and films taken during the arterial phase on the other hand, are the two conditions necessary to obtain a satisfactory arteriogram. Slight abdominal compression and subtraction improve the definition of the films. 600 cases have been collected so far, in the exploration of 105 patients with hypertension, 17 cysts, 7 malignant tumours, extra-renal pathology and various nephropathies in which no indication for arteriography existed. Thus pyelographic arteriography made it possible to avoid renal arteriograms in almost all our patients. Only one selective and one complete arteriogram were necessary. Unusual arterial lesions in nonsurgical renal conditions may be seen (glomerulonephritis, nephroangiosclerosis...) and unexpected images in abdominal conditions with renal manifestations or in association with nephropathies (aneurysms of digestive arteries and the aorta, collagen diseases etc.).

Angiography↗
PubMed1993

Hematuria and intravenous pyelography in pediatric blunt renal trauma.

Because the traditional protocol for investigating blunt renal trauma in children has been questioned and because of societal awareness of health care costs, the authors carried out a retrospective review of blunt renal trauma in 138 children over a 5-year period to establish criteria for urgent radiologic investigation of those with suspected renal trauma. From their findings, they recommend that in the absence of the suspected major injuries and hypotension a threshold count of 40 red blood cells per high-power field is necessary before urgent intravenous pyelography should be done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Magnetic resonance pyelography: optimization of the technic and the preliminary results].

Magnetic resonance pyelography (MRP) is a new noninvasive method which demonstrates dilated urinary tracts with no need of contrast agent injection. This study was aimed at technique optimization, using new fast sequences with high intrinsic contrast, to demonstrate the urinary tract in obstructive uropathy patients. Twelve consecutive patients and 4 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study; all the exams were performed with a high gradient power 0.5-T unit using T2- weighted turbo SE sequences, acquired three-dimensionally on the coronal plane. Obstructive uropathy was caused in 9 patients by neoplastic lesions, in 2 by postoperative strictures and in 1 by inflammatory tissue. In all patients MRP depicted the dilated urinary tract optimally, with good morphological detailing and the accurate assessment of both level and cause of obstruction. In the healthy volunteers, the absence of dilatation did not permit the complete visualization of the urinary tract. To conclude, MRP is a new technique which permits high-quality imaging of the urinary tract. Further studies are needed to assess its actual potentials and clinical role.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Bence Jones myelomatosis and intravenous pyelography.

The consequences of intravenous pyelography are described in 3 patients with unsuspected myelomatosis. One patient died, and 1 surviving patient showed unusual solubility of Bence Jones protein to acid pH in vitro. The urine of a third patient was negative for Bence Jones protein. Simple chemical screening of urine, to detect Bence Jones protein, is essential before patients undergo urography.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1997

Effectiveness of selective use of intravenous pyelography in patients presenting to the emergency department with ureteral colic.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether i.v. pyelography (IVP) is required routinely for all patients presenting to the ED with ureteral colic. METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted with 2 patient group-a routine IVP group, in which all patients underwent IVP, and a selective IVP group, in which patients were treated, observed, and released without undergoing IVP unless they experienced continued symptoms. The study was performed in a large university-affiliated, community hospital ED. Participants were patients aged 18-65 years with signs and symptoms consistent with ureteral colic. RESULTS: Among the 40 patients enrolled in the routine IVP group, 26 had positive studies, 8 of which necessitated hospitalization. Among the 41 patients randomized to the selective IVP group, there were only 19 IVPs performed, of which 6 were positive and 4 necessitated hospitalization. Compared with the routine IVP group, there were 54% fewer IVPs performed and a 51% lower admission rate in the selective IVP group. Despite the fact that fewer IVPs were performed in the selective IVP group, clinical outcomes in the 2 groups were similar, without significant complication in either group. CONCLUSIONS: IVPs do not need to be routinely performed for all patients presenting to the ED with ureteral colic. The decision to perform an IVP may be dictated by symptoms that persist after initial evaluation and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Magnetic resonance pyelography: clinical use of ultrafast breath-hold sequences in obstructive uropathy. Personal experience].

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the diagnostic yield of MR pyelography (MRP) performed with two ultrafast breath-hold sequences in obstructive uropathy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients with US demonstration of urinary tract dilation were examined with MRP at 1.5 T and with a standard body coil. HASTE sequences (TE 66, ETL 128, FA 180 degrees, 1 NEX, MA 240 x 256, slice thickness 4 mm, TA 13 s) were always performed and 26/34 patients were also examined with single-shot TSE sequences (TE 1100, ETL 240, FA 150 degrees, 1 NEX, slice thickness 7 cm, MA 240 x 256, FS, TA 7 s); 20/34 patients were given 500 mL superparamagnetic contrast agent (Lumirem). MRP findings were interpreted independently by two radiologists and analyzed for image quality, the presence/absence of dilation, the obstruction grade (mild, moderate, severe), site (intrarenal; ureteropelvic junction; proximal, mid-, distal ureter; indeterminate) and cause (intrinsic obstruction from a stone or other conditions; stenosis; indeterminate cause). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for the detection of urinary tract dilation were calculated for each reviewer and interobserver agreement was calculated with the k analysis relative to the presence, grade, site and cause of urinary tract dilation. RESULTS: MRP examinations were considered technically adequate in all cases by both observers. As for the presence of urinary tract dilation, the values were 100% for the first observer and 97%, 100%, 100%, and 95%, respectively, for the second observer. Interobserver agreement was .98 for dilation presence (excellent), .80 for dilation degree (excellent), .62 for dilation site (good) and finally .69 for dilation cause (good). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: MRP performed with the ultrafast breath-hold technique provides very good results in diagnosing urinary tract dilation, as well as the obstruction grade, site and cause, with results equal or even superior to those of non-breath-hold sequences. Ultrafast MRP lasts only 10 minutes, meaning it occupies the magnet shortly and costs less: it can be thus considered a routine alternative to conventional diagnostic imaging, especially ivp, in the evaluation of obstructive uropathy.

Humans↗