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PubMed2006

Study on the aggregation and electrochemical properties of Rose Bengal in aqueous solution of cyclodextrins.

The interactions of Rose Bengal (RB) with alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD), hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD), hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin (HP-gamma-CD), heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyll)-beta-cyclodextrin (TM-beta-CD) were studied in aqueous solutions of 0.1 M KClO(4) and 0.1 M LiClO(4) by vis absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy as well as electrochemical measurements at 298 K. The spectrophometric results indicate that RB is included in all beta- and gamma-CDs forming complexes with a stoichiometry 1:1 whose stability is slightly higher in KClO(4) than in LiClO(4) solutions. The complex stability constants determined for salt-containing CD solutions are lower than those for water solutions. The complexation of RB with beta- and gamma-CD and the differences between the complexes obtained in the presence of the two salts were confirmed by an electrochemical study.

Cyclodextrins↗
PubMed1985

Hepatic transport and binding of rose bengal in the presence of albumin and gamma globulin.

Gamma globulin and albumin are compared with respect to their effects on the hepatic transport of rose bengal and with respect to the rates and affinities with which they bind this dye. The apparent intrinsic clearance of rose bengal is greater in the presence of albumin than in the presence of gamma globulin, and this difference increases with the protein concentration. Because the binding affinities of these proteins also differ, however, it cannot be concluded decisively that the mechanisms of dye removal are distinct. For both proteins the binding reaction rates as measured by stopped-flow spectrophotometry are much faster than the rate of convection along the sinusoid or the rate of removal of free dye by liver cells. The transport data and the binding rate constants are the basis for an extended theoretical model developed and analyzed in an accompanying report.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The hepatic excretion of 131I-rose bengal and 99mTc-IDA derivatives in Rotor's syndrome.

Bilirubin kinetics and hepatobiliary excretion of some exogenous anions (BSP, 131I-rose bengal, diethyl and parabutly-IDA labeled with 99mTc) were studied in three patients presenting with Rotor's syndrome. Two were brothers; a nonjaundiced fraternal twin of one of them was also evaluated. The hepatic clearance of the radiopharmaceuticals was impaired in the affected patients but the degree of impairment was different among the tested anions, i.e., maximal for 99mTc-diethyl-IDA and minimal for 131I-rose bengal. Parabutyl-IDA was cleared better than the diethyl derivative. The metabolic derangement seems to be at the level of transfer from plasma to liver and of the hepatic storage, rather than at the level of hepatocyte excretory pathways, as in the case of Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Quality control of two rose bengal and modified DRBC and DG18 media.

The effect of storage on the performance of four mycological media, DG18, DRBC and two Rose Bengal agars, one from Difco, the other recommended by the Swedish Standard Institution, was investigated. The autoclaved media were stored (+4 degrees C) in the dark for up to 26 weeks. Following each storage period, the media were remelted and poured and the plates stored (+4 degrees C) in the dark for a maximum of 8 weeks before inoculation with test microorganisms. All media contained antibiotics. Both rapidly and slowly growing moulds, and also yeasts and bacteria were used as test microorganisms. No distinct effect of storage time on colony appearance could be shown for any of the four media. If the loss of restricted growth of Rhizopus stolonifer is used as a measure of the performance of the media, DRBC plates should not be stored for longer than 2 weeks after being poured from fresh medium. Storage of DRBC in flasks should not exceed 4 weeks and plates prepared from this medium should not be kept for more than 1 week. DG18 plates should only be poured from fresh medium and kept for a maximum of 1 week. The inhibitory effect of the antibiotic supplement on bacteria lasted for at least 4 weeks in DG18 and the two rose bengal media.

Agar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bengal rose labeled with short-living cyclotron iodine 123 in the radionuclide study of the hepatobiliary system].

Bengal rose stain labeled with short-lived 123I (123I-BR) was used in diagnostic examinations of the hepatobiliary system of 201 patients with various diseases. This agent was found superior in many respects to other hepatobiliary compounds. Due to an essential reduction of the radiation load of the critical organs use of higher activities of 123I-BR becomes possible (120 MBc and higher), this permitting an effective study of rapidly coursing hemodynamic processes. A single complex radionuclide examination permits obtaining complete information on the hepatobiliary system structure and function. The presence of hyperbilirubinemia is not a factor reducing the investigation efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Apoptosis induction and mitochondria alteration in human HeLa tumour cells by photoproducts of Rose Bengal acetate.

The aim of this work was to investigate the apoptosis induction and mitochondria alteration after photodamage exerted by incubation of HeLa cells with Rose Bengal acetate-derivative (RBAc) followed by irradiation for a total dose of 1.6 J/cm2. This treatment was previously demonstrated to reduce cell viability under mild treatment conditions, suggesting the restoration of the photoactive molecule in particularly sensitive cell sites. Indeed, Rose Bengal (RB) is a very efficient photosensitizer, whose photophysical properties are inactivated by addition of the quencher group acetate. The RBAc behaves as a fluorogenic substrate by entering easily the cells where the original, photoactive molecule is restored by specific esterases. Different intracellular sites of photodamage of RB are present. In particular, fluorescence imaging of Rodamine 123 and JC-1 labelled cells showed altered morphology and loss of potential membrane of mitochondria. MTT and NR assays gave indications of alteration of mitochondrial and lysosomal enzyme activities. These damaged sites were likely responsible for triggering apoptosis. Significant amount of apoptotic cell death (about 40%) was induced after light irradiation followed RBAc incubation as revealed by morphological (modification of cell shape and blebs formation), cytochemical (FITC-Annexin-V positive cells) and nuclear fragmentation assays.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative liver imaging using 131-I Rose Bengal as an index of liver function and prognosis.

A technique for assessing quantitatively hepatic function by direct measurement of liver parenchymal cell uptake of 131I Rose Bengal using a scintillation camera with a digital store and retrieval system is described. Ninety-four studies were performed on 84 patients with a variety of hepatic disorders over a two-year period, the diagnosis in each case being established by liver biopsy or laparotomy. The results were compared with the clinical, biochemical and histological assessment of the patients. A good correlation was found between the half-time for hepatic uptake of 131I Rose Bengal and the histological changes, as well as with clinical prognosis measured in terms of clinical improvement or deterioration to death. The rate of liver uptake was found to be a better index than the clearance of radioisotope from the blood and was superior to conventional biochemical investigations in both icteric and anicteric patients. The test was not shown to be of clinical value in discriminating between intra- and extrahepatic causes of jaundice. It is suggested that this technique may provide a safe and sensitive method for assessing the severity of liver dysfunction and also for monitoring clinical progress, especially in situations where liver biopsy may be unreliable or hazardous.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1977

Study of the plate agglutination test with rose bengal antigen for the diagnosis of human brucellosis.

This study presents the results of a number of serological tests, in particular the plate agglutination test using acid antigen stained with rose bengal, in the examination of 440 human sera for brucellosis. In addition, the sera were examined for the presence of specific antibodies of various classes (IgM and IgG). These investigations showed the rose bengal plate agglutination test to be highly specific and sensitive as a rapid method for the diagnosis of human brucellosis.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1981

The Rose Bengal test in neonatal cholestasis: diagnostic and prognostic value.

131I Rose Bengal(131IRB) studies were performed in 73 infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and in 37 with intrahepatic cholestasis of various origins. Fecal 131IRB excretion of less than 10% ("complete' cholestasis) was observed in EHBA but also in some patients with either paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts (syndromatic type) or with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Seventy one 131IRB tests were also performed 3 to 8 weeks postoperatively in children operated on for EHBA. Fecal 131IRB excretion more than 15% was present in 27 out of 34 cases who were later completely jaundice free and in only one out of 37 cases where no bile flow restoration occurred. These results indicate that complete cholestasis in infants can be observed in some types of intrahepatic cholestasis, as well as in EHBA, and show that a post-operative 131IRB test is a reliable means of predicting complete restoration of bile flow in EHBA.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed2002

Reverse intersystem crossing in rose bengal. II. Fluence dependence of fluorescence following 532 nm laser excitation.

A fluence-dependent fluorescence technique was used to observe reverse intersystem crossing from a certain higher-lying triplet state of rose bengal populated by a single pulse of 532 nm light. The quantum yield of reverse intersystem crossing from this state was determined to be 0.12+/-0.02 for rose bengal in phosphate-buffered saline. The importance of including molecular rotation effects in the analysis of fluorescence resulting from reverse intersystem crossing is discussed. Differences in the photochemical reactivity of upper triplet states in biological systems have been previously hypothesized to result from photophysical differences, particularly substantial differences in their reverse intersystem crossing yields. In this work this hypothesis is analyzed quantitatively, using numerical models of the population dynamics. These models suggest that reverse intersystem crossing alone cannot adequately explain the differences in biological response.

Fluorescence↗
PubMed1976

The composition of Erythrosins, Fluorescein, Phloxine and Rose Bengal: a study using thin-layer chromatography and solvent extraction.

Commercial samples of Erythrosin B (CI 45430), Erythrosin Y (CI 45425), Fluorescein (CI 45350), Phloxine (CI 45410) and Rose Bengal (CI 45440) have been analysed by thin-layer chromatography. The Erythrosins were found to be mixtures consisting in the main of 4'-iodofluorescein, 4', 5'-di-iodofluorescein, 2', 4', 5'-tri-iodofluorescein and 2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein, in some instances together with 2',4',5'-tri-iodo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein and 2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo- 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein. Samples of Fluorescein were mixtures of the nominal dye usually with traces of several unidentified, fluorescent components. Those of Phloxine consisted mainly of mixtures of 4'-bromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, 4',5'-dibromo-4,5,6,7'-tetrachlorofluorescein, 2',4',5'-tribromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein and 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, often with 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein. Samples of Rose Bengal were mixtures of 4'-iodo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein,4',5'-di-iodo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, 2',4',5'-tri-iodo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein and 2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein together with some unidentified components. Most of the commercial dye samples gave an insoluble residue when extracted with methanol. This residue was usually inorganic carbonate or halide. Some possible practical consequences of the various impurities are discussed.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1972

Identification of the immunoglobulin class active in the Rose Bengal plate test for bovine brucellosis.

The antibodies active in the Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) for bovine brucellosis have been studied. The results of fractionation experiments showed that RBPT activity was associated with fractions containing immunoglobulin of the IgG(1) class; other immunoglobulin classes were inactive in this respect although active in other tests. These results were confirmed by inhibition tests with specific antisera and by elution of the antibody from agglutinated RBPT antigen.The major proportion of the serum complement-fixing activity was also present in the IgG(1) fraction and it is suggested that the RBPT and CF reactions are probably mediated by the same antibodies.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1999

Phototoxicity of rose bengal in mycological media--implications for laboratory practice.

The effects of Rose Bengal (RB) on plate counts of the bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were studied under natural sunlight and artificial fluorescent lighting. While RB was not inherently toxic in darkness at concentrations found in mycological media, the illumination of media containing RB caused a decrease in colony counts in all cases, and especially for surface spread plates. A negative synergy was observed between chloramphenicol, RB and illumination using a spring water sample containing substantial numbers of Gram-negative bacteria. Exposure of media containing RB to moderate amounts of light during standard laboratory procedures may inhibit microbial growth, with positive benefits in relation to the suppression of contaminant bacteria, or negative implications where fungi are inhibited.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Gray scale ultrasonography and rose bengal scintigraphy in the evaluation of the patient with jaundice.

In our experience, the ultrasonic examination should be the procedure of choice in the initial investigation of the patient with jaundice. It is independent from liver function and a noninvasive test which can be performed rapidly; in addition, the cause of extrahepatic obstruction can often be determined preoperatively. In our study, in many patients, the rose bengal scintigram has been indeterminate and has not been helpful in predicting whether obstructive or nonobstructive jaundice exists. Rose bengal scintigraphy appears to be of most help only in those patients in whom an adequate sonographic examination cannot be performed. Newer imaging agents currently being developed may prove to be more satisfactory in the future.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Albumin-mediated transport of rose bengal by perfused rat liver. Kinetics of the reaction at the cell surface.

Rapid dissociation of organic anions from plasma albumin maximizes the presentation of free ligand to the cell surface and thus favors its efficient hepatic extraction. Even assuming these optimal conditions, however, taurocholate and rose bengal have hepatic extraction fractions that are higher than can be accounted for by spontaneous dissociation of their albumin-ligand complexes. In this study we developed a transport model that attributes this behavior to sites on the hepatocyte plasma membrane that bind the albumin-ligand complexes, promoting the transport of ligand into the hepatocyte. Fitting this model to rose bengal removal rates measured over a wide range of albumin concentrations yields estimates of the number of cell surface sites and their affinity for albumin. These estimates are in good agreement with those reported by Weisiger, Gollan, and Ockner for the binding of ligand-free albumin to isolated hepatocytes. We conclude that both experiments measure the same phenomenon and, accordingly, that the binding of albumin to the cell surface is the functional equivalent of albumin-mediated transport.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Sonodynamically induced effect of rose bengal on isolated sarcoma 180 cells.

PURPOSE: The ultrasonically induced effect of rose bengal (RB) on isolated tumor cells was investigated. METHODS: Sarcoma 180 cells were suspended in air-saturated phosphate-buffered saline and exposed to ultrasound in standing wave mode for up to 60 s in the presence and absence of RB. Cell viability was determined by the ability to exclude trypan blue. RESULTS: The rate of inducing cell damage by ultrasound was enhanced two to three times with 160 microM RB. while no cell damage was observed with RB alone. This enhancement was significantly inhibited by histidine. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonically induced in vitro cell damage was significantly enhanced by RB. A sonochemical mechanism may be suggested since the enhancement was significantly inhibited by an active oxygen scavenger.

Animals↗