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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

The modifying effects of Food Stamp Program participation on the relation between food insecurity and weight change in women.

Food insecurity has been associated with overweight status in women. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain this association, some of which assume that household food insecurity is a cause of overweight. Similar to food insecurity, Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation has been associated with overweight status in women. One longitudinal study has also found a small effect of program participation on obesity status in women. Modeling FSP participation without accounting for the effect of need to participate in the program, as estimated by household food insecurity status, may lead to confounded findings. To estimate the direction and timing of the relation between food insecurity, this study reports on recently available longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The major finding of this paper is that persistent food insecurity was associated with a smaller weight change, controlling for other income and health-related risk factors for weight change. Among persistently food-insecure women, full participation in the FSP offset the weight change. There were no significant associations between change in food insecurity status and weight change in these data.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Proportion of lifetime UV dose received by children, teenagers and adults based on time-stamped personal dosimetry.

Ultraviolet (UV) reduction campaigns since 1986 were based on the estimation that individuals get 80% of their cumulative lifetime UV dose by the age of 18. To investigate if this estimation is true, we compared annual UV doses received during life in 164 Danish volunteers: children, teenagers, indoor workers, and golfers (age range 4-67 y) who recorded sun exposure behavior in diaries and carried personal UV dosimeters, measuring time-stamped UV doses. The annual UV dose did not significantly correlate with age but the variation in annual UV dose was high (median 166 SED (standard erythema dose), 95% range: 37-551 SED). The annual UV dose did correlate with days with risk behavior (sunbathing/exposing upper body) (r=0.51, p<0.001) and in adults also with hours performing outdoor sports (r=0.39, p<0.001), gardening, and sun-bed sessions (r=0.26, p=0.02). Teenagers had significantly more days with risk behavior than adults (21 vs 13 d, p=0.006) but not than children (15 d). No differences in UV dose among the age groups were found on workdays. Only 25% of the lifetime UV dose was received before the age of 20 and the annual UV dose was thus independent of age. Reduction of cumulative lifetime UV dose could be obtained by minimizing risk behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Ultraviolet radiation exposure pattern in winter compared with summer based on time-stamped personal dosimeter readings.

BACKGROUND: Personal annual ultraviolet (UV) radiation data based on daily records are needed to develop protective strategies. OBJECTIVES: To compare UV radiation exposure patterns in the winter half-year (October-March) and the summer half-year (April-September) for Danish indoor workers. METHODS: Nineteen indoor workers (age range 17-56 years) wore personal UV dosimeters, measuring time-stamped UV doses continuously during a year. The corresponding sun exposure behaviour was recorded in diaries. Similar data were collected for 28 volunteers during sun holidays in the winter half-year. The relationship between UV dose and sun exposure behaviour was analysed. RESULTS: The ambient UV dose during the winter in Denmark (at 56 degrees N) was 394 standard erythema doses (SED) or 10.5% of the annual ambient UV dose. In winter compared with summer the subjects had: (i) a lower percentage of ambient UV radiation, 0.82% vs. 3.4%; (ii) a lower solar UV dose in Denmark, 3.1 SED (range 0.2-52) vs. 133 SED (range 69-363); (iii) less time outdoors per day with positive dosimeter measurements, 10 min vs. 2 h; and (iv) no exposure (0 SED) per day on 77% vs. 19% of the days. Sun holidays outside Denmark in winter gave a median 4.3 SED per day (range 0.6-7.6) and 26 SED (range 3-71) per trip. CONCLUSIONS: In the winter half-year indoor workers received a negligible UV dose from solar exposure in Denmark and needed no UV precautions. No UV precautions are needed from November to February during holidays to latitudes above 45 degrees N, while precautions are needed the whole year around at lower latitudes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Anatomic rubber stamps of the face and body to document procedures in dermatologic surgery: one picture is worth a thousand words.

Representations of the anatomic surface location of cutaneous lesions and the surgical procedures performed on these lesions can be transferred to the medical charts using simple anatomic rubber stamps (ARS) of the body. The technique is exemplified with symbols to represent surgical excision, chemical face peel, dermabrasion, micrographic surgery, and the harvesting of flaps and grafts. ARS are also useful in liposuction surgery, punch grafts for pitted facial scars, hair transplantation, sclerotherapy, laser surgery, and other cosmetic dermatologic procedures. ARS are particularly valuable in micrographic surgery for skin cancer because they help document the depth and breadth of cancer invasion and aid in the follow-up of recurrent skin cancer, especially when defects are reconstructed.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Reaudit of acute asthma admissions using a severity marker stamp and determinants of an outcome measure.

Subsequent to the implementation of a severity marker stamp in case notes, an audit was performed in 86 admissions with acute asthma to a specialist centre over a 12 month period. Compared to previous audit the documentation of severity markers was significantly better (PEFR: 52% vs 83% p = 0.001, Respiratory rate: 44% vs 81% p = 0.001, ABG: 72% vs 80% p = 0.04, air entry: 58% vs 86% p = 0.001, speech: 27% vs 86% p = 0.001, exhaustion: 4% vs 86% p = 0.001). In contrast to the previous audit where no patient received FiO2 > 0.35, 66% of the cases in the repeat audit received FiO2 0.60 (p = 0.001). The mean duration of admission was five days and showed highest partial correlation (r = 0.6) to the time in hours for the pulse to fall to 80/min. Multiple linear regression showed that this was the only variable best predicting the duration of admission (R2 = 0.3). Admission pulse rate (p = 0.04) and serum K+ (p = 0.04) best discriminated between patients admitted for over and under five days. Logistic regression identified only the admission pulse as significant in calculating the odds of the patient staying in the hospital for > 5 days.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Postage stamp multiple anterior capsulorhexisotomies in pediatric cataract surgery.

BACKGROUND: Capsule related complications are common following pediatric cataract surgery. We report a new technique of multiple anterior capsulorhexisotomies after lens aspiration and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: After performing automated lens aspiration, an IOL was implanted into the capsular bag. A bent 26 gauge needle was introduced through one side port and multiple small cuts were made in one half of the circumference of the anterior capsular rim by making a radial movement of the needle tip centripetally over the margin of the anterior capsular rim. The needle was again introduced through the other side port and multiple similar cuts were made in the other half thereby creating nearly 20 - 30 cuts at the margin of the anterior capsular rim. RESULTS: The mean size of the primary capsulorhexis was 4.33 +/- 0.20 mm. A uniform enlargement of the capsulorhexis could be performed in all the eyes without peripheral extension in any of the eyes. There was no damage to the posterior capsule and no scratch mark on the IOL. In one eye, the primary capsulorhexis was slightly eccentric, though it was covering the IOL optic all around. The rhexisotomies in this eye were limited to the capsular rim that was overlapping more on the IOL optic (sectoral anterior capsulorhexisotomies). CONCLUSION: The technique of postage stamp anterior capsulorhexisotomies is a feasible technique in pediatric cataracts.

Capsulorhexis↗
PubMed2001

Increasing the response rate to a mailed questionnaire by including more stamps on the return envelope: a cotwin control study.

Twins taking part in two unrelated studies were sent a questionnaire together with a self-addressed envelope that either carried one or multiple (up to 5) stamps to the same value. The unprompted proportion of questionnaires returned (before commencement of telephone reminder calls) was increased from 62% to 71% in one study, and from 43% to 52% in the other study (test for common odds ratio in studies, p = 0.04).

Humans↗
PubMed2002

Leaving welfare often severs families' connections to the Food Stamp Program.

In the early stages of welfare reform, a variety of studies found that many families that left welfare also left the Food Stamp Program (FSP), even though most were still eligible for it. This paper examines more recent data to determine whether this behavior has continued or whether at least some of it was due to initial misunderstandings about eligibility. Our results show that families leaving welfare continued leaving the FSP at about the same rate in 1999 as they had 2 years earlier. For example, only half of families who left welfare and had incomes below 50% of the federal poverty level continued participating in the FSP. We also show that more families reported leaving the FSP because of administrative issues in 1999 than did in 1997. Families that left the FSP were more likely to have moved recently and to have owned cars than families that remained. Our results raise concern that structural reforms are needed to make it easier for the working poor to receive these benefits. Recent federal changes in the FSP have allowed states to move in that direction.

Eligibility Determination↗
PubMed2006

Control of avian influenza in Italy: from stamping out to emergency and prophylactic vaccination.

Since 1997, north-eastern Italy has been repeatedly challenged by avian influenza (AI) infections caused by viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes. The penetration of such infections in the industrial circuit in densely populated poultry areas (DPPAs) resulted in massive spread, and early attempts to control AI only by stamping-out and restriction policies resulted in death or culling of millions of birds. The re-emergence or the introduction of AI viruses in the same DPPA resulted in the development of an emergency vaccination programme based on the use of heterologous vaccination and a companion discriminatory test. By enabling the detection of field exposure in vaccinated animals, the application of this system, in conjunction with a monitoring programme and a well-defined territorial strategy has resulted in the eradication of H7N1 and H7N3 epidemics that occurred between 2000 and 2004. Retrospective analysis of the AI outbreaks in north-eastern Italy coupled with surveillance programmes in wild birds and in hobby flocks indicating that certain areas are at continuous high risk of infection, was the rationale for developing and implementing a bivalent H5/H7 pilot vaccination programme in a restricted area of the DPPA. Laboratory and field evidence indicate that vaccinated animals are more resistant to challenge and shed lower amounts of virus, thus acting as a tool for both prevention and control, thus limiting the impact of AI infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Screening for endometrial cancer using a curettage stamp method].

The present study shows the value of a routine screening program for the detection of endometrial malignancies. From 1980 to 1985, 5,640 subjects were screened for endometrial malignancies using the curettage stamp method. Of 60 cases whose smears were abnormal, 25 were found to have malignant lesions. These patients included endometrial cancer (15 cases), sarcoma (3 cases) and metastatic cancer (4 cases). Three cases were found to have cervical cancer. Among 22 patients, excluding 3 cases with cervical cancer, 17 cases had negative results in a cervical smear test. Also 3 cases of endometrial cancer showed no history of abnormal genital bleeding. All 15 patients with endometrial cancer were over 40 years of age. These results indicated the clinical importance of the routine endometrial cytological smear in the detection of malignancies of the uterine body, especially in women over 40 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The use of minisatellite variant repeat-polymerase chain reaction (MVR-PCR) to determine the source of saliva on a used postage stamp.

In this paper we report the identification of an individual using the MVR-PCR technique on DNA extracted from single and multiple discs (3 mm) punched from a licked stamp attached to an envelope. The individual's code was successfully and uniquely matched to one already present within a database of 500 MVR codes which had been generated in a separate laboratory. The exercise illustrates the suitability of MVR-PCR for forensic samples and demonstrates the power of this rapid and novel identification system.

DNA, Satellite↗
PubMed1996

Efficient and reliable PCR-based detection of the ABO blood group alleles: genotyping on stamps and other biological evidence samples.

PCR-based ABO genotyping was established using restriction enzyme digestion followed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. The method described here is fast, with results obtained within hours, not days, it obviates the need for radioisotopes and can be performed with 1-2 ng of extracted genomic DNA. ABO blood group determination was successful in various types of biological materials of forensic interest such as bloodstains, vaginal swabs, cigarette butts, and hair roots. Moreover, after preincubation in distilled water, DNA (2-8 ng) was extracted from 12 up to 10-years-old stamps and was correctly typed at the ABO locus. The results presented here indicate that the PCR-based ABO genotyping is a fast, sensitive, reliable, and economic method providing blood group determination in DNA from a variety of different types of specimens. It can provide determination from specimens of limited amount and/or with partially degraded DNA as well. Therefore, it is very useful for first-step suspect screening as well as in forensic research for the analysis of biological evidence.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1995

The Roman oculist stamps.

Roman Oculist stamps testify to an active practice in the treatment of eye disease during the period of the Roman Empire. They demonstrate a classification of ocular disease, a system of treatment and reveal the names of practitioners.

Emblems and Insignia↗
PubMed1997

The history of urology on postage stamps and cancellations.

PURPOSE: Many important phases and personalities in the history of urology have been depicted on postage stamps, stationery and cancellations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article gives a short recounting of several notable events that contributed to the development of urology as chronicled by philatelic material. RESULTS: Beginning with the Egyptian papyri and ending with a recently acknowledged urologist, the historical survey covers uroscopy, lithotomy, lithotrity, anatomy, pathology, instruments, surgical techniques in urology, imaging techniques of the urinary tract, dialysis and renal transplantation. Personalities whose accomplishments have made a deep imprint in the history of urology, if honored on philatelic items, are described in this article. CONCLUSIONS: Although the resulting picture does not necessarily present a continuity, it does emphasize certain peaks and high points in the evolution of this specialty.

History, 15th Century↗
PubMed1998

Laser stapedotomy minus prosthesis (laser STAMP): a minimally invasive procedure.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hearing can be restored using a laser without a prosthesis in patients with minimal otosclerosis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review of 12 patients with minimal otosclerosis who underwent a laser stapedotomy without prosthesis (laser STAMP) procedure. SETTING: An otology/neurotology tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Patients were chosen for the procedure if there was a blue footplate with minimal otosclerosis confined to the fissula antefenestram. INTERVENTIONS: Using a hand-held probe (CeramOptic), and the HGM argon laser, the anterior crus of the stapes was vaporized. Next, a linear stapedotomy was made across the anterior one third of the footplate. If otosclerosis is confined to the fissula antefenestram, the stapes becomes completely mobile. The stapedotomy opening is sealed with an adipose tissue graft from the ear lobe. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pure-tone audiometry with appropriate masking and auditory discrimination testing were performed before surgery, 6 weeks after surgery, and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: The average air-bone gap was closed to a mean (SD) of 2.6 dB (3.3 dB). The average improvement in air-bone gap was 17.4 dB (7.6 dB). The discrimination scores remained unchanged. Audiometric testing of five cases with 1 year follow-up demonstrates that excellent hearing results are maintained. CONCLUSIONS: In selected cases of minimal otosclerosis confined to the fissula antefenestram, normal mobility of the ossicular chain can be obtained without a prosthesis by vaporizing the anterior crus and making a linear stapedotomy across the anterior one third of the footplate. The advantages of the procedure are that the stapedius tendon and most of the normal stapes remain intact, eliminating hyperacusis. The procedure is less invasive so it reduces inner ear trauma, possible prosthesis problems are avoided, and postoperative barotrauma risk is minimized. Minimal surgery is done for minimal disease. If the stapes refixes at some time in the future, a conventional stapedotomy can still be performed.

Adult↗