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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Multidisciplinary approach to the rehabilitation of a crown-root fracture with original fragment for immediate esthetics: a case report with 4-year follow-up.

Dental practitioners frequently encounter dentoalveolar traumas. According to the severity of the trauma, a large spectrum of complications such as isolated tooth fracture, dentoalveolar fracture or fracture at maxillofacial region may occur. If the isolated tooth fracture occurs particularly at anterior region, the rehabilitation should satisfy both esthetic and functional problems. An unrestorable tooth should be extracted and this leads to more complex treatments such as implant or conventional prosthetic rehabilitations, which will restore the function, but impair the esthetics. Recently, powerful new generation dual-cured resin composites have been produced for reattachment of original fractured fragments. In this case, we presented treatment of oblique crown-root fracture of a maxillary central tooth from enamel-cement junction by the reattachment technique. We used dual cured resin composite (Panavia F) and a self-tapping screw-post (Dentatus) for reattaching the crown fragment. Orthodontic treatment was applied for intruding and leveling the tooth. Four years after treatment, the tooth exhibited good esthetics, good periodontal health and normal function. However, minimal relapse occurred in spite of orthodontic treatment. In conclusion, the reattachment technique is an alternative method, which offers satisfactory esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the fractured teeth.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Chlorhexidine with an Anti Discoloration System. A comparative study.

UNLABELLED: Correct oral hygiene is believed to be the basis of primary and secondary prevention. Sometimes, using a toothbrush or other mechanical instruments for oral hygiene may be difficult and it may become necessary to use an antiseptic. Chlorhexidine is an essential component in many available preparations on sale, because of its marked antiseptic qualities. One of the most frequent side-effects is the appearance of stains on the teeth and mucous membranes, which particularly disturbs the patient. A new mouthwash containing chlorhexidine has recently become available, besides maintaining its antiseptic qualities, also avoids the side-effect of staining. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to check the capacity of the new mouthwash, which contains chlorhexidine and Anti Discoloration System (ADS), not only to prevent plaque formation like the other mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine but also to avoid staining that is one of the most frequent side-effects. STUDY DESIGN: The comparative study was carried out on a sample of 15 patients treated with two mouthwashes both containing 0.2% chlorhexidine, but different in that the first does not contain ADS, which is instead present in the second, a new product. The results obtained show that in the 15 patients treated, there is no statistically significant difference in the ability of the mouthwash to prevent bacterial plaque, however evidence of the stain was much less with the new mouthwash.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Gingival recessions and noncarious cervical lesions: a soft and hard tissue challenge.

Gingival recessions and noncarious cervical lesions are frequent and closely related defects which can be successfully treated by mucogingival surgery and restorative therapy techniques either used alone or in combination depending on the defect characteristics. Proper treatment planning is guided by careful clinical diagnosis. A selection of treatment modalities are presented and useful hints proposed: the long term success is always strictly bound to the identification and elimination of the etiologic factors, to a correct treatment and a meticulous maintenance program.

Gingival Recession↗
PubMed1999

Development of noncarious cervical notch lesions in vitro.

PURPOSE: The initiation and progression of noncarious cervical notch lesions (NCCL) continues to perplex clinicians worldwide and poses a considerable restorative challenge. The purpose of this brief communication is to report what is believed to be the first in vitro production of notch-shaped lesions in the cervical third of premolar teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The lesions, were produced by axial loading of selected permanent premolar teeth in a 10% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid over a period of 5 days, followed by immersion in water for 7 days. RESULTS: Results revealed macroscopic and microscopic features similar to those observed in noncarious cervical lesions in vivo. The lesions were incidental findings while the authors were studying stress corrosion of enamel at low pH. Although much remains to be investigated regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of NCCL, axial loading and a corrosive environment may be implicated in these processes. The artificial lesions arose in clinically sound teeth, suggesting that there is no simple clinical examination to identify teeth at risk from NCCL. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The relationship between the development of NCCL and applied stress indicates that occlusal factors may play the most significant role in the initiation and progression of NCCL.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2000

Restoration of extensive erosion areas using an indirect composite technique.

Cervical erosion defects, particularly those of extensive size that are located in an area where control of the operative field is difficult, can present a significant restorative challenge. This article describes an indirect restorative technique to solve this problem. Following tooth preparation, an indirect restoration is luted to the tooth and the margins are finished and polished. Using an indirect technique minimizes operative field isolation time and the total chairside time required to restore the tooth. Clinical cases are presented to illustrate this technique.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Perioesthetic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of carious and noncarious cervical lesions: Part I.

Several factors can contribute to the development of noncarious cervical lesions. Therefore, these lesions can be described and classified according to their primary etiology. Traditionally, most dentists have treated noncarious cervical lesions only with restorative methods, for example, composite resin restorations. However, in many cases, a periodontal or a combined restorative/periodontal approach provides a better esthetic and functional result. In part I of this two-part report, we provide a review of noncarious cervical lesions and a series of clinical case reports showing surgical techniques used and the importance of the periodontal aspect of lesion management.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Abfraction lesions: myth or reality?

UNLABELLED: Loss of tooth substance in the cervical region is usually attributed to toothbrush abrasion, erosion, or a combination of both factors. Recently the role of occlusal loading has become increasingly prominent. It is suggested that high occlusal loads cause large cervical stress concentrations, resulting in a disruption of the bonds between the hydroxyapatite crystals and the eventual loss of cervical enamel. This process has been called noncarious cervical tooth loss or abfraction. This article reviews the available evidence to support the thesis that occlusal loading can contribute to the process of abfraction. It also reviews the potential interactions between occlusal loading and erosion that may contribute to abfraction lesion formation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It is important to recognize the potential role of occlusal loading in the loss of cervical tooth tissue so that management of the occlusion can be incorporated into a treatment plan for a patient with abfraction lesions.

Bite Force↗
PubMed2003

Perioesthetic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of carious and noncarious cervical lesions: Part II.

UNLABELLED: Several classes of tooth-colored materials are available for restoring carious and noncarious cervical lesions. Included are the composite resins, which can be bonded into the cervical area to provide predictable form, function, and esthetics. Part I of this two-part report reviewed the etiology of noncarious cervical lesions and provided a series of clinical case reports showing the importance of the periodontal aspect of lesion management. In part II we present information about adhesive preparation design and esthetic restoration of the noncarious cervical lesion. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: When used with proper attention to preparation design and restoration placement and finishing, resin composites can be used to successfully restore form, function, and esthetics to defective cervical areas of teeth.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed2006

Symmetry of non-carious cervical lesions in canines and premolars.

OBJECTIVES: Clinically non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are frequently seen. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the shape and symmetry of NCCLs, wear of cuSPS and triangular ridge, and the curvature of the tooth root. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-nine extracted human upper canine teeth and 274 extracted human upper premolar teeth with NCCLs were used in this study. The specimens were studied using photographs and three-dimensional scanning. RESULTS: Asymmetric NCCL was observed in 69.0% of the canines and 44.5% of the premolars. Wear of cusp and lingual ridges was observed in 82.9% and 93.0% of the canines, respectively. Wear of the buccal cusp and buccal triangular ridge was observed in 85.4% and 89.8% of the premolars, respectively. On the other hand, the wear of lingual cusp and lingual triangular ridge was observed in 89.1% and 93.8% of the premolars, respectively. The curvature of the root was observed in 48.1% of the canines and 43.4% of the premolars. CONCLUSIONS: There was no relationship between the symmetry of NCCLs, and the wear of cuSPS and triangular ridges for either canines or premolars. Although there was a relationship (p < 0.05) between the symmetry of NCCL and the curvature of the root in the canines, no relationship was observed between the symmetry of NCCL and the curvature of the root in the premolars.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1999

Invasive cervical resorption following trauma.

Invasive cervical resorption is an insidious and often aggressively destructive form of external root resorption which may occur as a late complication following dental trauma particularly where it involves damage to cementum and supporting tissues. While this resorption may be evident clinically as a pink coronal discolouration, later with cavitation of the enamel, often there are no obvious external signs and the condition is only detected radiographically. It is characterised by the invasion of the cervical region of the root by fibrovascular tissue which progressively resorbs dentine, enamel and cementum. The dental pulp remains protected by an intact layer of dentine and predentine until late in the process. Ectopic calcifications can be observed in advanced lesions both within the invading fibrous tissue and deposited directly onto the resorbed dentine surface. The aetiology of invasive cervical resorption is unknown but trauma has been documented as a potential predisposing factor. A recent study by the author of 222 patients with a total of 257 teeth which displayed varying degrees of invasive cervical resorption showed that trauma alone was a potential predisposing sole factor in 14% of patients and 15.1% of teeth. Trauma in combination with bleaching, orthodontics or delayed eruption was found in an additional 11.2% of patients or 10.6% of teeth and of these a combination of trauma and bleaching occurred in a relatively high proportion of 7.7% of patients or 7.4% of teeth. This study also revealed that of other potential predisposing factors orthodontics was the most common sole factor constituting 21.2% of patients and 24.1% of teeth examined. Successful treatment of invasive cervical resorption is dependent on the extent of the resorptive process. Teeth with invasive cervical resorption have been divided into four classes. Whilst several treatment modalities are possible, a clinical evaluation of the treatment of this condition by the topical application of a 90% aqueous solution of trichloracetic acid, curettage, endodontic therapy where necessary and restoration with a glass ionomer cement has been evaluated on 94 patients with a total of 101 teeth with a minimum follow-up period of three years. Results indicate a satisfactory treatment outcome can be anticipated in Class 1, 2 and 3 cases. In Class 4 resorption no treatment or alternative therapy is recommended. Diagnosis of lesions at an early stage of development is highly desirable and therefore the patients who have a potential for the development of this condition by virtue of a history such as trauma should be monitored radiographically at intervals throughout life.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2001

Study of dentinal tubule architecture of permanent upper premolars: evaluation by SEM.

Dentinal tubules are the means by which the pulp and mineralised tissues surrounding the dentine (enamel and cementum) communicate. Through these tubules external agents can damage the pulp and subsequently the periodontal ligament. Given the importance of dentinal tubules, the authors evaluated the numerical density, shape, and individual surface area of tubule openings and the percentage of dentine occupied by these. Eight permanent upper premolars were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the crown, the external surface of the dentine was evaluated at the dentino-enamel junction and the internal surface at the pulp chamber wall. At the cervical, middle and apical thirds of the root, the external surface was evaluated at the cemento-dentinal junction and the internal surface at the root canal wall. The results showed that numerical density of tubule openings is significantly greater (p < 0.05) at the cervical third of the dentine, at its junction with the cementum and at the pulpal chamber wall, with respect to other areas evaluated. The individual surface area of each opening varied from 5.72 microns 2 in the dentine of the pulpal chamber wall to 0.97 micron 2 in the dentine of the apical third of the root canal wall. The percentage of area occupied by the dentinal tubules per mm2 of dentine was significantly higher (p < 0.01) at the internal dentinal surface as compared to the external. The shape of the tubule openings was found to be circular in the crown and became more irregular as the apical third of the root was approached.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

External invasive resorption in a three-rooted lower first molar.

Several pathoses can be present concurrently in one tooth, and if that tooth has an unusual anatomical variation, the diagnosis and treatment can be further complicated. This case stresses the importance of accurate assessment and diagnosis prior to intervention and their role in identifying cases for referral to a specialist in today's increasingly litigious environment.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

In vitro computer analysis of crown discolouration from commonly used endodontic sealers.

The aim of this study was to assess the degree of staining of tooth crowns by commonly used endodontic sealers using a computer analysis method. Crown discolouration by root canal sealers AH26, Endofill, Tubliseal, Zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), Apatite root canal sealer III as well as gutta-percha and Cavizol (a filling material containing ZnOE) were tested on extracted human premolar teeth. The roots of the teeth were resected 3 mm below the cemento-enamel junction. The pulp chambers were then cleaned and irrigated. The samples were divided into nine groups of five samples each and filled with test materials. Ten teeth were used as control groups: five positive (amalgam) and five negative (distilled water). The degree of tooth discolouration was analysed at 3, 6 and 9 months. The crown discolouration was assessed by computer analysis of digital images taken from the samples using the CIE Lab colour system. Statistical analysis was carried out using anova, repeated measure anova and Tukey's HSD tests. All sealers caused a degree of tooth discolouration, which increased with time. Endofill and ZnOE caused the greatest discolouration and Apatite root canal sealer III caused the least discolouration after 9 months. The most discolouration during the test periods occurred in the cervical third of the crown.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Specific caries index: A new system for describing untreated dental caries experience in developing countries.

OBJECTIVES: To develop a reproducible surface-specific caries index that provided qualitative and quantitative information about untreated dental caries, that could be used in conjunction with the DMFS index and would provide information on not only the caries prevalence but also the location and type of caries lesion in an individual based on clinical examination. METHODS: Untreated carious lesions were divided into six types based on the location of the lesions. 339 rural school children in the age group of 12-15 years were examined for dental caries using both the DMFS index and the Specific Caries Index. RESULTS: Type 1 and 2 were found to be the most common type of caries lesions. The reproducibility of the Specific Caries Index was also found to be good. CONCLUSIONS: Encouraging indications about the validity and reproducibility of this new caries index was found, suggesting the need for further studies to test its applicability in larger and different populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Coronal displacement of cementum: correlation between age and coronal movement of cementum in impacted teeth.

This study was conducted on 48 impacted and 51 erupted maxillary permanent canine teeth extracted from healthy patients aged 13-73 years. Longitudinal buccolingual ground sections were prepared. The distance between the edges of cementum and enamel in each specimen was measured with an eyepiece micrometer. A correlation test was applied between age and the distance between enamel and cementum measurements. In impacted teeth, depending on age, cementum had a tendency to overlap the enamel; there was a linear correlation between age and coronal displacement of cementum (n-2 = 46, r = 0.69, distance (microgram) = 21.7* age (years) -440, p < 0.001). No correlation between age and coronal displacement was found in erupted teeth (n-2 = 49, r = -0.23, p > 0.05). Results of the study indicated that the cementum in impacted teeth migrated coronally during the ageing process. This may be related to continually erupting forces which affect the impacted teeth and may be a mechanism by which the teeth are protected at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). This phenomenon could be used in forensic dentistry to determine age. The absence of correlation in erupted teeth could be attributed to the masking effects of extrinsic factors.

Adolescent↗