[Occipital artery-transverse sinus communication (author's transl)].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cranial Fossa, Posterior↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Transverse Sinuses”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
A retrograde transverse sinus radionuclide venogram: a case report.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Brain↗
Radiology quiz case 2. Hypoplasia of the left transverse dural sinus and a prominent right transverse sinus and jugular bulb causing right-sided objective tinnitus.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cranial Sinuses↗
[Venous system playing a key role in transpetrosal approach].
A case with a large vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm developed a venous infarction in the temporal lobe after an operation using the transpetrosal approach. Although little of the literature has been concerned with venous complications after the transpetrosal approach, the case prompted us to study the venous system as playing a key role in the transpetrosal approach. Analyzing 30 carotid and 15 vertebral angiograms of 15 patients who underwent preoperative cerebral angiography using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), we investigated the venous system near the junction of the superior petrosal sinus, the transverse sinus and the sigmoid sinus (STS junction) which may play a key role in the transpetrosal approach. Drainage pathways of the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) were classified into four types; sphenoparietal, sphenobasal, sphenopetrosal and undeveloped. In the sphenopetrosal type (4/30: 13%), the drainage of SMCV passes back along the floor of the middle fossa to drain into the transverse sinus. The lateral temporal vein (LTV) and the temporobasal vein (TBV) drain into the transverse sinus. The LTV emptied into the transverse sinus either directly (20/30: 67%) or indirectly through the tentorial sinus (10/30: 33%). The entry of the LTV into the transverse sinus (venous point) was usually located in the lateral third of the transverse sinus (14/20: 70%), but sometimes in the middle third (6/20: 30%). The TBV, observed in 8/30 (27%), also often emptied into the tentorial sinus to drain into the transverse sinus. Atresia of a unilateral transverse sinus and a large LTV emptying into the distal sigmoid sinus was observed in 2/15 cases. The venous system near the STS junction may be interrupted by the incision of the tentorium and the middle fossa dura mater and by the retraction of the sigmoid sinus. Since the transpetrosal approach may cause venous complication by compromising the venous system near the STS junction, it is necessary to evaluate of the venous system preoperatively using DSA and to set up a surgical strategy preserving the venous system.
Aneurysm↗
Demonstration of the venous systems with gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and advantages of gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography for demonstrating the venous systems. The three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was performed with a velocity encoding gradient settings from 5 to 20 cm/s on 22 normal subjects. In 8 of normal subjects, gadolinium-enhanced phase-contrast MR venography was performed. 22 subjects (100%) had detectable flow in the sphenoparietal sinus, transverse sinus, basal vein, and internal cerebral vein. With a VENC setting at 10 cm/s, venous system was visualized selectively and clearly. Detection ratio in inferior petrosal sinus, superior petrosal sinus, and superior ophthalmic vein increased from 0% to 25%, from 28.6% to 62.5%, and from 28.6% to 37.5%, respectively, after administration of gadopentate dimeglumine. In conclusion, gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was useful for demonstrating the venous systems.
Adolescent↗
Complete resection of a complex glomus jugulare tumor with extensive venous involvement. Case report.
The authors describe a case of a complex glomus jugulare tumor with extensive involvement of the venous system. The entire left internal jugular vein up to its innominate insertion was involved with tumor, with proximal extension to the sigmoid sinus, transverse sinus, and the torcular herophili. Gross-total resection of the tumor required a two-stage median sternotomy. This is the first case report of a glomus jugulare tumor in which there was such extensive involvement of the venous system, requiring a multidisciplinary team approach for complete resection.
Adult↗
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in Behcet's disease: a case report.
Behcet's disease ( BD ) is a systemic inflammatory vascular disease with variable clinical manifestations and numerous clinical masquerades. The venous involvement may affect veins of different size with tendency for thrombosis. BD is the commonest cause of cerebral venous thrombosis in some Middle Eastern countries. However, in Thailand, this clinical entity has been rarely described as a cause of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. A 38 year-old man presented with recurrent attacks of transient ischemic attack (TIA) for 9 months. Two months after the TIA, he developed right hemiparesis and persistent diffuse headache. He had a 10 year history of recurrent oral and genital ulcers. Physical examination revealed bilateral uveitis, right hemiparesis, bilateral sixth cranial nerve paresis and bilateral papilloedema. Pathergy skin test showed positive result. Neuroimaging demonstrated empty delta sign on CT-scan and thrombosis of the posterior part of superior saggital sinus, transverse sinus, straight sinus and internal jugular vein on magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed increased intracranial pressure and aseptic CSF profiles. Prednisolone, chlorambucil and anticoagulant had been prescribed. The clinical course improved gradually.
Adult↗
Computed tomography of dural sinus thrombosis.
For 150 years, the variable clinical appearance of dural sinus thrombosis has plagued clinicians. Computed tomography (CT) has alleviated much of the difficulty in making this diagnosis. A high density lesion in the involved sinus on precontrast scans and a filling defect in the sinus on postcontrast scans were the most frequently observed CT abnormalities in 12 patients with sinus thrombosis. Other findings include the "cord" sign and diffuse cerebral edema. Thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, transverse sinus, or sigmoid sinus can occur as an isolated event or in association with other disease entities and may cause no neurologic impairment.
Adult↗
[Dural arteriovenous fistula involving the superior sagittal and transverse-sigmoid sinuses, treated by thrombolysis: case report].
A rare case of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS), the transverse sinus and the sigmoid sinus is reported. A 64-year-old man, who had had an episode of temporary visual disturbance after moderate fever for a week about 20 years before, was aware of loss of visual acuity and reduced field of view in the right eye. When he was introduced to our outpatient service, increased intracranial pressure (ICP) was detected by lumbar puncture. Cerebral angiograms showed bilateral DAVFs both in the posterior fossa and the SSS concomitant with thrombosis in the transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus and SSS. Afterwards, endovascular transarterial embolization through bilateral occipital, posterior auricular and left middle meningeal, superior temporal arteries was carried out. In addition, transvenous thrombolytic therapy using a catheter inserted into SSS resulted in the improvement of his visual problems. Although he was discharged at once, he was readmitted to our department with Foster Kennedy syndrome and increased ICP. Cerebral angiograms showed recurrence of both DAVF and sinus thrombosis. Transarterial embolization was performed again resulting in a significant reduction of DAVF, and his visual acuity was recovered to a moderate degree. The origin of DAVF is still controversial. Although two theories, "congenital" and "acquired", are put forward, it has been thought that both factors play important roles. In our case, the patient had stenosis in the jugular canal portions of the sigmoid sinus. In addition, sinus thrombosis seemed to have occurred. It is thought that increased intrasinus pressure may have lead to communication with surrounding arteries through existing dural vessels. We applied transvenous thrombolytic therapy in this case. Our result suggests that we should consider this therapy for some cases of DAVF.
Arteriovenous Fistula↗
[Fetal brain blood flow velocity monitoring in high risk pregnancies].
OBJECTIVES: Blood velocity in the fetal vein of Galen and straight sinus is normally even and without fluctuation. Transverse sinus blood velocity pattern shows a characteristic triphasic shape. The aim of this study was to establish whether blood flow velocity pulsations in the Galen vein, straight sinus and transverse sinus velocimetry in high-risk pregnancies are related to an adverse outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Galen vein, straight sinus and transverse sinus were located by color Doppler ultrasound in 110 pregnancies complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension and intra-uterine growth retardation with blood velocity recorded by pulsed Doppler. The incidences of blood velocity pulsations in Galen vein and straight sinus as well as peak systolic velocity, lowest diastolic velocity and resistance index (RI) from transverse sinus were correlated to pregnancy outcome, including emergency operative intervention and/or neonatal distress. Umbilical artery and venous and uterine and middle cerebral artery blood velocity was also recorded at the same time. RESULTS: Pulsating blood velocity in the Galen vein and transverse sinus was found in 40 and 10 cases, respectively. Signs of brain sparing in the middle cerebral artery were seen in 23 fetuses. Abnormal values for RI, peak systolic velocity and lowest diastolic velocity from transverse sinus were found in 20.6 and 18 cases, respectively. Galen vein pulsations were highly significantly related to adverse outcome of pregnancy and significantly more frequent in the present study than in the umbilical vein. Parameters studied in straight sinus and transverse sinus showed poor correlation with outcome of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Venous pulsations in the Galen vein are significantly correlated to adverse outcome of high-risk pregnancy. Straight sinus and transverse sinus velocimetry was not associated with perinatal outcome and might not be useful in predicting fetal distress.
Blood Flow Velocity↗
[The torcular Herophili: the diagnostic pitfalls in TOF 3D magnetic resonance angiography].
The authors report on a diagnostic pitfall which is often observed in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of intracranial vessels (time-of-flight 3D)--i.e., the absence of one of the two transverse sinuses. Fifty patients underwent MRA of the intracranial vessels with the TOF 3D (FISP) and the TOF 2D (FISP) techniques. Five patients were affected with sinus stenosis. MRA was performed with a 1.5-T superconductive magnet and a circular head coil. All patients underwent Magnetic Resonance Angiography with FISP 2D sequences (FA 40 degrees, TR 40 ms, TE 12 ms) acquired on coronal plane as well as FISP 3D (FA 15 degrees, TR 30 ms, TE 7 ms) acquired on axial plane. In the patients in whom FISP 2D sequences correctly demonstrated the whole confluence of sinuses, FISP 3D sequences always depicted the upper sagittal sinus, while the right transverse sinus was seen in 84.4% (38/45) of cases and the left transverse sinus in 24.2% (11/45) of cases. In the patients with a stenosis in the confluence of sinuses, FISP 3D sequences demonstrated two false-positive cases with respect to FISP 2D. The statistical analysis (McNemar test) of the results demonstrated the difference between 2D and 3D sequences in the detection of the two transverse sinuses to be statistically significant: p < 0.01 for the right transverse sinus and p < 0.001 for the left transverse sinus. In the study of the intracranial vessels (TOF 3D technique) the absence of one of the two transverse sinuses is suggestive of a diagnostic pitfall; the combination of 3D and 2D sequences answers this diagnostic question.
Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
[A case of successfully removed posttraumatic high flow dural arteriovenous fistula in the posterior fossa].
A 49-year-old male patient was admitted to Ryukyu University Hospital complaining chiefly of progressive loss of mental activity for one year. He had a history of head trauma at the right retromastoid region when he was 24. Generalized convulsions developed three years later, and left exophthalmos, facial varix and impairment of visual acuity developed seven years later. Dural arteriovenous fistula of the posterior fossa was diagnosed at the age of 32, and feeding EC and tentorial arteries were successively ligated on the right several times without any effect. Angiography during this admission revealed tremendous collateral flows; a marked dilated tortuous occipital artery fed from the right vertebral artery, meningeal branches of VA and PICA, the marginal tentorial artery, and the posterior temporal artery from MCA, PCA were drained into the right transverse sinus. But transverse sinuses were occluded bilaterally, and venous outflows were directed to the superior sagittal sinus retrograde via the ascending cortical vein, Trolard veins, and sphenoparietal and cavernous sinuses. The final drainer was the superior ophthalmic vein on the left. Normal deep veins were not visible. In park bench position, the nidus was totally resected with a part of the transverse and thrombosed sigmoid sinus. Postoperative course was uneventful, and an angiogram showed complete disappearance of the AVF. Dural AVG in the posterior fossa with characteristics such as high flow, and which is rich in collaterals following palliative treatment indicates that total surgical resection should be undertaken.
Arteriovenous Fistula↗
Anatomical variation of cerebral venous drainage: the theoretical effect on jugular bulb blood samples.
Recent studies have demonstrated significant variation in bilateral jugular venous oxygen saturation measurements which may be of clinical significance. We have therefore measured variations in normal dural sinus venous drainage to assess the possible effects of normal anatomical variations on measured jugular venous oxygen saturation. Normal volunteers (n = 25) were imaged using magnetic resonance venography to demonstrate variations in venous anatomy. Flow was measured in the superior sagittal sinus and bilaterally in the transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus proximal to the jugular bulb and proximal jugular vein using phase difference magnetic resonance imaging. Examination of magnetic resonance venogram images showed considerable variability in the symmetry of transverse sinus flow. Complete absence of one transverse sinus was seen in four cases and significant asymmetry in the size of the transverse sinuses was present in 13. Quantitative flow studies demonstrated that the ratio of superior sagittal sinus to combined jugular bulb flow showed remarkably little variation (0.46 +/- 0.06). Measurements of transverse sinus flow showed significant asymmetry (< 40% of superior sagittal sinus flow in one transverse sinus) in 21 of 25 volunteers. The effect of the observed asymmetry on jugular venous oxygen saturation was modelled based on the assumption of either a supratentorial or infratentorial lesion. This model predicted significant asymmetry in jugular venous oxygen saturation measurements (> 10%) in 65% of cases with a supratentorial lesion which is in close agreement with clinical observations. This study suggests that normal variations in venous drainage may account for observed asymmetry in jugular venous oxygen saturation measurements.
Adult↗
Cerebral venography and manometry in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Cerebral venography and manometry in nine patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension consistently showed venous hypertension in the superior sagittal sinus and proximal transverse sinuses, with a significant drop in venous pressure at the level of the lateral third of the transverse sinus. The abnormality, clearly demonstrated by manometry, was not well shown on the venous phase of cerebral angiography. The appearance of the transverse sinus on venography varied from smooth tapered narrowing to discrete intraluminal filling defects that resembled mural thrombi. Two patients with intracranial hypertension due to minocycline did not show venous hypertension.
Adolescent↗
Endovascular treatment of transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous malformations presenting as pulsatile tinnitus.
Transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous malformations (DAVM) are uncommon vascular lesions for which complete cure may be difficult to obtain. A wide variety of treatments for these lesions include observation, arterial compression, surgical resection, and endovascular embolization. We propose that transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVM can be completely cured by occluding the ipsilateral dural sinus with detachable balloon and Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC) coils before arterial feeder embolization with histoacryl. Three patients who presented with pulsatile tinnitus and normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies underwent angiography, which demonstrated transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVM. All three patients wer treated with retrograde transvenous sinus embolization with complete occlusion of the transverse-sigmoid sinus with detachable balloons and GDC coils with preservation of the vein of Labbé. Subsequently, the various feeders from the external carotid artery were embolized. The tentorial arteries arising from the ipsilateral internal carotid arteries were not embolized in any of the cases, which were still contributing to the DAVM. Complete cure with thrombosis of the tentorial branch of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was seen on follow-up angiogram 1 day after embolization in one patient and on 4-week and 6-week follow-up angiograms in the other two patients. Complete occlusion of the transverse sinus proximal to the vein of Labbé, in spite of incomplete arterial feeder embolization, can result in complete cure of the transversesinus dural AVF if adequate time is given for the remaining feeders to occlude, once the fistula is obliterated.
Journal Article↗
Anatomic variations of venous sinuses in the region of the torcular Herophili.
In this study of 110 cranial cavities from adult cadavers, the superior sagittal sinus was found to divide into two channels. In most cases, the division was associated with a dural partition. Essentially, the variations as observed in this study could be grouped into three types: Type 1 includes those specimens in which the sagittal sinus drains into one lateral sinus and the straight sinus into the other, with no connection between the two. Type 2 includes those specimens in which the superior sagittal sinuses and the straight sinus fork, and the forks from both sinuses join to form the lateral sinuses. Type 3 includes those specimens in which a confluence of sinuses exists, varying from a common pool to merely a potential confluence, depending upon the presence of pads, incomplete partitions, and complete partitions of dura mater. Rare findings previously not reported consist of double straight sinuses draining into one transverse sinus; the superior sagittal sinus dividing into three channels with two transverse sinuses on one side; a transverse sinus originating from a tentorial vein; and drainage of a tentorial vein into the confluence of sinuses.
Cranial Sinuses↗
2D time-of-flight MR venography in neonates: anatomy and pitfalls.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The dural venous sinuses in neonates differ from those in adults or older children in that the caliber of venous sinuses is smaller and there is skull molding. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the presence of flow gaps in venous sinuses in neonates on 2D time-of-flight (TOF) MR venography (MRV). METHODS: Fifty-one neonates underwent coronal 2D TOF MRV. Nine also had CT venography (CTV) for comparison. In 1 neonate, a further 2D TOF MRV was performed in the sagittal plane; in another neonate, images were captured in the axial plane; and in another, a further coronal TOF MRV with shorter echo time was performed. RESULTS: Flow gap was seen in the posterior aspect of the superior sagittal sinus in 35 of 51 (69%). Focal narrowing of the superior sagittal sinus, in the region of convergence of lambdoid sutures, was detected in 7 of 51 (14%). The right and left transverse sinuses demonstrated flow gap in 13 of 51 (25%) and 32 of 51 (63%) respectively. There was normal filling of contrast on CTV in the superior sagittal sinus, transverse sinus and sigmoid sinus in those cases with flow gap detected on coronal 2D TOF MRV. Right, left, and codominance of the transverse sinuses are as follows: 32 of 51 (63%), 5 of 51 (10%), and 14 of 51 (27%), respectively. The right and left sigmoid sinuses demonstrated flow gap in 7 of 51 (14%) and 8 of 51 (16%), respectively, and the left sigmoid sinus was absent in 1 of 51 (2%). CONCLUSION: The high proportion of flow gap in the venous sinuses of neonates, particularly of the superior sagittal sinus, could be attributed to the smaller caliber venous sinuses, slower venous flow, and skull molding.
Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
Marked regional heterogeneity in venous oxygen saturation in severe head injury studied by superselective intracranial venous sampling: case report.
OBJECTIVE: Continuous monitoring of jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2) is useful in the management of severe head injury. Abnormally high SjvO2 values can be caused by increased cerebral blood flow, decreased cerebral metabolism, brain death, contamination from extracerebral venous blood, or traumatic arteriovenous fistula. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 20-year-old man with severe head injury was diagnosed to have a traumatic dural carotid-cavernous sinus fistula on the day of trauma. Continuous left SjvO2 monitoring from Days 4 to 12 revealed oxygen saturation ranging between 85 and 98%. INTERVENTION: Superselective intracranial and extracranial venous sampling on Day 5 demonstrated marked regional heterogeneity in venous oxygen saturation as follows: superior sagittal sinus, 95 to 97%; straight sinus, 88%; right transverse sinus, 94%; left transverse sinus, 74%; right SjvO2, 95%; left SjvO2, 89%; the basilar plexus, 99%; right internal jugular vein, 98%; the left internal jugular vein, 94%. Extremely high oxygen saturation in the superior sagittal sinus and basilar plexus was attributed to severe brain damage and carotid-cavernous sinus fistula, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although jugular bulb oximetry is useful in the management of severe head injury, high oxygen saturation values should be interpreted with caution because they cannot show the intracranial heterogeneity of venous oxygen saturation.
Adult↗