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Results for “VERNIX CASEOSA”

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PubMed1977

The dysmature infant. Associated factors and outcome at 7 years of age.

Dysmaturity, diagnosed according to the Clifford criteria, was studied for the first time in a black population. The infants and matched control subjects were participants in the Collaborative Perinatal Study in Philadelphia from birth to 7 years of age. The incidence of dysmaturity was 25/1,000 live births; more boys than girls were born dysmature, reversing the normal male/female ratio found among black infants in the Collaborative Study as a whole. The condition was more common among post-term infants but did occur in earlier gestational weeks. The overall characteristics of the condition among this black population did not differ from those previously reported among white populations of various races. Surviving infants developed mentally and physically as well as control subjects. No prenatal or environmental characteristics were found that distinguished mothers of dysmature infants from those of nondysmature infants.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1997

Neonatal hearing screening with otoscopy, auditory brain stem response, and otoacoustic emissions.

A study was performed to investigate the relationship between external and middle ear factors and hearing screening results by auditory brain stem response (ABR) and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs). The ears of 200 well newborns aged 5 hours to 48 hours underwent screening by ABR and EOAEs, followed by otoscopic examination. The pass rates for ABR and EOAE screening were 88.5% and 79%, respectively. On otoscopic examination, 13% (53 of 400) ears had occluding vernix obscuring the view of the tympanic membrane. Cleaning of vernix was attempted in ears that failed ABR or EOAE screening. Seventeen ears that failed ABR were cleaned, and 12 (71%) of them passed repeat ABR. Thirty-three ears that failed EOAE screening were cleaned, and 22 (67%) of them passed repeat emissions testing. Cleaning vernix increased the pass rates for ABR and EOAE screening to 91.5% and 84%, respectively. Decreased tympanic membrane mobility was found in 9% of ears that could be evaluated otoscopically. Increased failure rates for both ABR and EOAE screening were found in infant ears with decreased tympanic membrane mobility, but significance testing could not be performed because of inadequate sample size. Prevalence of occluding external canal vernix and middle ear effusion as a function of increasing infant age were studied. Implications for newborn hearing screening are discussed.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1997

Pass/fail rates for repeated click-evoked otoacoustic emission and auditory brain stem response screenings in newborns.

The click-evoked otoacoustic emission (EOAE) recording procedure is a simple and quick test to perform. Some suggest that the EOAE is a more efficient newborn hearing screening procedure than the auditory brain stem response (ABR). However, one shortcoming of the EOAE is a high false-positive rate in newborns, which is attributed to ear-canal debris. The purposes of this study were to assess the initial pass/fail rates of ABR and EOAE measurements and the effectiveness of repeated EOAE measurements as a method of reducing the false-positive rate. Fifty healthy, low-risk newborns sequentially underwent ABR, repeated EOAE, otoscopy, EOAE, and ABR if necessary. The initial ABR passing rate was 98%, whereas the EOAE passing rate was 61%. The EOAE passing rate improved with each retest and approximated the ABR rate by the fourth test. EOAE failures and the overall level of the EOAE were found to be significantly related to the amount of ear-canal debris. These results indicate that some newborns will require four or more tests before they eventually pass. Further study is needed to determine the overall cost-effectiveness of the EOAE as compared with the ABR before specific recommendations for a universal hearing screening program are proposed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Vernix caseo granulomatous meningitis (vernicomyelia).

An apneic and tetraplegic infant with an open lumbosacral myelomeningocele and an Arnold-Chiari malformation is reviewed. An exuberant chronic aseptic meningitis with foreign body giant cells and immunoreactive keratin was present around the spinal cord and brainstem. This paper discusses the recognition and role of granulomatous meningitis in the clinical course and in the pathogenesis of the unusual cerebellar abnormalities found in this infant.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

Lipids in forehead vernix from newborn infants.

Neutral lipids in forehead vernix from newborn infants of various gestations were analysed by gas chromatography. Vernix collected from pre-term (less than 37 weeks) infants differed markedly from that collected from near-term (less than or equal to 37 weeks) infants. The principle difference was a increase in the content of squalene relative to other lipids in vernix from near-term infants. This change indicated a surge in fetal sebaceous gland function at about 37 weeks gestation.

Cholesterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in newborns in the first 48 hours after birth.

Newborns are often discharged from hospital at the age of about 48 hours. At this age, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are not necessarily recordable in all healthy newborns. In order to determine the factors which would enable the successful recording of TEOAEs before discharge to facilitate screening for hearing, 65 fullterm newborns under 48 hours of age were tested, the youngest being 10 hours old. The ears of those neonates in whom TEOAEs could not be obtained (N = 7 neonates bilaterally, 6 unilaterally) were examined otoscopically, cleaned of vernix and retested for TEOAEs. We were thus able to record in at least one ear in all neonates tested, if the ears were clean, if they were asleep and if the testing room was quiet.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasonographic demonstration of floating particles in amniotic fluid.

This prospective study of 131 pregnant women was designed to determine the incidence and significance of floating particles in amniotic fluid. Floating particles ranging in size from 1 to 5 mm were seen in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women at 15 to 40 weeks' gestation. Since vernix is rarely present before 35 weeks' gestation, a source other than flakes of vernix must be sought to explain the floating particles in amniotic fluid in early gestations. There was no significant difference in the sizes or numbers of particles at different gestational ages (from 15 to 40 weeks). Therefore, it is concluded that ultrasonographic demonstration of floating particles in amniotic fluid cannot be considered an indicator of fetal maturity.

Amniotic Fluid↗