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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

The spatial localization of T-DNA insertions in petunia interphase nuclei: consequences for chromosome organization and transgene insertion sites.

In an earlier fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) study on petunia (ten Hoopen et al. 1996), we found a considerable discrepancy between the genetic map and the physical map with respect to T-DNA insertions on metaphase chromosomes. For some transgenes we found a preference to integrate near the telomeres. Here, we studied the spatial position of transgenes in interphase nuclei by FISH and 3D-confocal microscopy to elucidate a possible structural preference for the nuclear localization of transgenes. Three transgenes located near telomeres on three different metaphase chromosomes showed a much more internal distribution in interphase root meristem than the telomeres, whereas a proximal transgene appeared to be distributed in a random fashion. The results point to local differences in chromatin compacting along a chromosome. These differences might explain a preference for T-DNA insertion in distal regions of the chromosome.

Cell Nucleus↗

PubMed2000

Simultaneous avulsion fracture of the insertion of the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.

We present a case of simultaneous avulsion fracture of the insertion on the volar base of the proximal phalanx of the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. To our knowledge this combination has never been published before. The mechanism of this injury is not clearly understood. (c) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd Copyright 2000 The British Association of Plastic Surgeons DOI: 10.1054/bjps.1999.3227.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2001

Integration of Shaker-type K+ channel, KAT1, into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane: synergistic insertion of voltage-sensing segments, S3-S4, and independent insertion of pore-forming segments, S5-P-S6.

KAT1 is a member of the Shaker family of voltage-dependent K(+) channels, which has six transmembrane segments (called S1-S6), including an amphipathic S4 with several positively charged residues and a hydrophobic pore-forming region (called P) between S5 and S6. In this study, we systematically evaluated the function of individual and combined transmembrane segments of KAT1 to direct the final topology in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by in vitro translation and translocation experiments. The assay with single-transmembrane constructs showed that S1 possesses the type II signal-anchor function, whereas S2 has the stop-transfer function. The properties fit well with the results derived from combined insertion of S1 and S2. S3 and S4 failed to integrate into the membrane by themselves. The inserted glycosylation sequence at the S3-S4 loop neither prevented the translocation of S3 and S4 nor impaired the function of voltage-dependent K(+) transport regardless of the changed length of the S3-S4 loop. S3 and S4 are likely to be posttranslationally integrated into the membrane only when somewhat specific interaction occurs between them. S5 had the ability of translocation reinitiation, and S6 had a strong preference for N(exo)/C(cyt) orientation. The pore region resided outside because of its lack of its transmembrane-spanning property. According to their own topogenic function, combined constructs of S5-P-S6 conferred the membrane-pore-membrane topology. This finding supports the notion that a set of S5-P-S6 can be independently integrated into the membrane. The results in this study provide the fundamental topogenesis mechanism of transmembrane segments involving voltage sensor and pore region in KAT1.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Central venous pressure measurements: peripherally inserted catheters versus centrally inserted catheters.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether central venous pressure measurements taken from a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) correlate with those from a centrally inserted central catheter (CICC). DESIGN: A pilot bench study followed by a prospective, non-blinded, clinical comparison. SETTING: A 16-bed medical coronary intensive care unit and a 30-bed surgical intensive care unit at a university hospital. PATIENTS: Seven surgical intensive care unit patients and five medical coronary intensive care unit patients. INTERVENTIONS: During the bench study, a simple manometer system was set up to test the catheters. During the clinical study, measurements of central venous pressure were recorded from patients who had an indwelling CICC and PICC concomitantly. Positions of the catheter tips in the chest were verified by radiography. Paired central venous pressure measurements were taken from 19-gauge dual-lumen PICCs and from 7-Fr, 16-gauge, 18-gauge, and pulmonary artery catheter CICCs, all with continuous pressure infusion devices. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Bench work showed that PICCs, because of their longer length and narrower lumen, have a higher inherent resistance, which can be overcome with a continuous infusion device. During the clinical study, three to 12 paired, digital, central venous pressure measurements were recorded from each of 12 patients for a total of 77 data pairs. Measurements were recorded at end-expiration. Mean central venous pressure from the CICCs was 11 + 7 mm Hg, and from the PICCs was 12 + 7 mm Hg. PICC pressure versus CICC pressure correlated (r = 0.99) for all data pairs. Analysis by repeated measures showed PICC central venous pressure more than CICC central venous pressure by 1.0 + 3.2 mm Hg (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: PICCs can be used to measure central venous pressure and to follow trends in a clinical setting when used with a pressure infusion device to overcome the natural resistance of the PICC. Central venous pressure recorded via PICCs is slightly higher, but the difference is clinically insignificant.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Posture and epidural catheter insertion. The relationship between skill, experience and maternal posture on the outcome of epidural catheter insertion.

This study was undertaken to investigate the outcome of epidural catheter insertion in the sitting or lateral position in mothers during labour. An initial prospective randomised study period (144 patients) suggested that the sitting position offered some superiority over the lateral in terms of technical ease of insertion. It was concluded, by minimising the subjective aspects in a follow-up, prospective nonrandomised study period (152 patients), that the determining factor lies in the skill and experience of the anaesthetist. There was no significant difference in complication rates or maternal discomfort between the two positions in either study period.

Analgesia, Epidural↗

PubMed2004

Insertional polymorphism of a non-LTR mobile element (NLRCth1) in European populations of Chironomus riparius (Diptera, Chironomidae) as detected by transposon insertion display.

The midge Chironomus riparius is distributed all over the Palearctic region and is well characterized both at the morphological and cytogenetic levels. Here we describe a population study based on the insertional polymorphism of the retroposon NLRCth1, by means of a S-SAP (sequence-specific amplification polymorphism) derived technique (transposon insertion display; TID). While a previous study of allozyme polymorphism in Russian samples showed little variability, all the amplicons we identified are polymorphic. Genetic distances between 6 natural populations were calculated according to Nei and did not show a positive correlation with geographic distances. The genetic diversity detected among individuals of a given population was one order of magnitude higher than that among populations. However, the value of phi(ST) was significant (p < 0.001) and indicates that natural populations are more genetically differentiated than random samples of individuals.

Alleles↗

PubMed2003

A case of anterior interosseous nerve syndrome after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line insertion.

Palsies involving the anterior interosseous nerve comprise less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Patients often present initially with acute pain in the proximal forearm, lasting several hours to days. The pain subsides, to be followed by paresis or total paralysis of the pronator quadratus, flexor pollicis longus and the radial half of the flexor profundus, either individually or together. Patients with a complete lesion will have a characteristic pinch deformity. We report a case of anterior interosseous syndrome in a 42-year-old male. The patient was admitted initially for chronic osteomyelitis of the left calcaneum. He had a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line inserted into a brachial vein for the administration of intravenous antibiotics, and developed anterior interosseous nerve palsy as a complication of this procedure. The catheter was subsequently removed and a new line was placed on the other side, and his neurological deficit has been improving since. This case highlights the potential hazards of venupuncture or arterial puncture of the brachial vein or artery respectively, even under controlled conditions with the benefit of ultrasound guidance. It also serves as a reminder to look out for the complications of these common procedures, and to be able to react appropriately when they arise.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[A patient with middle bile duct cancer who showed rapid obstruction on contrast radiographs 1 week after insertion of a non-covered stent, but this case obtained a long-term stent opening and long survival after re-insertion of a covered stent].

A 73-year-old female with jaundice was referred to our department and admitted. Blood examination on admission showed an abnormal liver function and an increase in CA19-9. Ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed a well-delineated round mass in the middle bile duct. After admission, PTBD was performed, and a complete obstruction was observed in the middle bile duct. Cytological examination of the bile demonstrated adenocarcinoma. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of middle bile duct cancer was made. Because of delirium and frequent wandering during the night due to dementia, a radical operation was abandoned, and a non-covered stent was placed. However, since 1 week after insertion of a non-covered stent, contrast radiography showed tumor protrusion (rapid obstruction) in the stent, and a covered stent was placed in the stent. The stent was open for 486 days after stent re-insertion. PTBD was performed for re-obstruction, but she died 596 days after admission. In patients for whom surgery is impossible for reasons other than tumor factors, internal fistula construction using a metallic stent, which neither impairs QOL nor shorten survival, can be indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1997

Inserting and maintaining peripherally inserted central catheters.

Peripherally inserted central catheters are a type of vascular access device that has many advantages for patients with longer-term and special infusion needs. Increasingly common in home and hospital settings, nurses should know how to insert, maintain, and educate patients and families about these devices. One hospital's experiences implementing a model program is described.

Bandages↗

PubMed1990

Mini-Tn5 transposon derivatives for insertion mutagenesis, promoter probing, and chromosomal insertion of cloned DNA in gram-negative eubacteria.

A collection of Tn5-derived minitransposons has been constructed that simplifies substantially the generation of insertion mutants, in vivo fusions with reporter genes, and the introduction of foreign DNA fragments into the chromosome of a variety of gram-negative bacteria, including the enteric bacteria and typical soil bacteria like Pseudomonas species. The minitransposons consist of genes specifying resistance to kanamycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin-spectinomycin, and tetracycline as selection markers and a unique NotI cloning site flanked by 19-base-pair terminal repeat sequences of Tn5. Further derivatives also contain lacZ, phoA, luxAB, or xylE genes devoid of their native promoters located next to the terminal repeats in an orientation that affords the generation of gene-operon fusions. The transposons are located on a R6K-based suicide delivery plasmid that provides the IS50R transposase tnp gene in cis but external to the mobile element and whose conjugal transfer to recipients is mediated by RP4 mobilization functions in the donor.

Chromosomes, Bacterial↗

PubMed1979

Familial, balanced insertional translocation of chromosome 7 leading to offspring with deletion and duplication of the inserted segment, 7p15 leads to 7p21.

We report an uncle and niece with duplication and deletion, respectively, of segment 7p15 leads to 7p21 originating from a balanced, intrachromosomal insertion in their mothers. The proposita had prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, retarded psychomotor development, microcephaly, wide cranial sutures, ocular hypertelorism, small palpebral fissures, apparently low-set and malformed ears, cleft palate, congenital heart defect, hypoplasia of the distal phalanx of first fingers, rocker-bottom feet, persistent cloaca, and imperforate anus. She died at three months. Her maternal uncle has duplication of this segment and is alive at 32 years. He has severe mental deficiency, but normal growth; communicating hydrocephalus was diagnosed at three months.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1983

Duplication of 16p from insertion of 16p into 16q with subsequent duplication due to crossing over within the inserted segment.

Two members of a large family had a similar multiple congenital anomalies mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome and an identical aberration of chromosome 16. Their mothers, who are first cousins, had a different abnormality of one chromosome 16, which appeared to be an acrocentric. We interpret these findings as an insertion of a segment of 16p into 16q. following a three-break rearrangement and meiotic crossing over. The two abnormal children have a duplication of 16p11 leads to p13. The clinical manifestations of these patients differ from those of previously reported cases of dup(16p).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1975

Patient package inserts. II. Toward a rational patient package insert.

Analysis of the response to a questionnaire on various aspects of drug information showed several significant trends. The importance of the physician as an information source varied directly with age and inversely with educational level of patients. The doctor's importance as a source of information was also greater for those who visited physicians' offices or clinics more and if they were on long-term treatment. Younger persons, those with higher levels of education, and those who were not in regular contact with a physician placed greater importance on non-physician sources. Persons consulting physicians regularly desired less information and knew less about drugs than those who did not regularly see a physician. These findings suggest that the educational role of the physician could be improved and should be directed particularly at the low-income, older patient. In the design of the package insert, particular attention should be given to self-prescribed medications where no other information sources will be operating.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Insertion of hydrophilic amino acid residues in the signal peptide/membrane anchor domain of neprilysin (neutral endopeptidase-24.11) results in its cleavage: role of the position of insertion.

We have expressed in COS-1 cells mutants of neprilysin (neutral endopeptidase-24.11; NEP) in which the hydrophilic sequence S-Q-N-S was either substituted for V42-T-M-I or inserted after T38 in the signal peptide/membrane anchor (SA) domain. These mutations were introduced in full-length NEP (mutants NEP(H1) and NEP(H2), respectively) and a form of NEP lacking its cytosolic tail (mutants NEP delta cyto(H1) and NEP delta cyto(H2), respectively). Immunoblotting showed that NEP(H1) was membrane-bound while NEP delta cyto(H1), NEP(H2), and NEP delta cyto(H2) were secreted. Furthermore, carbonate treatment of isolated intracellular membranes suggested that cleavage of the SA domain was performed in the endoplasmic reticulum, presumably by signal peptidase. Sequencing of the secreted proteins indicated that cleavage of the SA domain mostly occurred at the carboxy side of Ala46 but also at the carboxy side of Ala41 in NEP(H2) and NEP delta cyto(H2). We conclude that the position of the S-Q-N-S sequence influences the accessibility of the cleavage site and, in the case of NEP(H1) and NEP(H2), the efficiency of cleavage of the SA domain.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1988

Combined endoscopic and percutaneous stent insertion to overcome a problem of percutaneous stent insertion.

Non-operative stent insertion is a well-accepted means of palliating malignant biliary obstruction. The endoscopic approach is often considered the procedure of choice, with the percutaneous technique reserved for endoscopy failures. We recently encountered a patient in whom both techniques proved unsuccessful initially, and in whom palliation was finally achieved by means of a combined endoscopic and percutaneous transhepatic procedure.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Intraaortic balloon pump insertion through the subclavian artery. Subclavian artery insertion of IABP.

The intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) is frequently used in the management of cardiac failure in the setting of myocardial infarction or as a bridge for coronary revascularisation surgery. The IABP is usually inserted through the femoral artery. Occasionally severe aorto-iliac occlusive disease prevents the retrograde passage of the balloon, in which case an anterograde route, usually through the ascending aorta is used. We describe four patients in whom an IABP was placed through the subclavian artery by the joint efforts of cardiologists and vascular surgeons.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

A biomechanical comparison of the antegrade inserted universal femoral nail with the retrograde inserted universal tibial nail for use in femoral shaft fractures.

Femoral shaft fractures with and without bony contact were simulated in cadaver specimens fixed with one of two different types of intramedullary locked nail systems; conventional antegrade nail fixation of the femur with the universal AO femoral nail or retrograde insertion in the femur with the universal tibial nail (a smaller diameter slotted nail) were utilized. Mechanical testing simulated one leg stance, and resultant deformation was measured in bending, torsion, and shortening. In stable fractures, fracture stability was similar to both devices, while in unstable fractures, the larger femoral nail was more stable. Furthermore, the simulation of single leg stance led to a coupled deformation of varus bending, axial shortening, and external rotation, which was dependent on bone geometry.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Synthesis and insertion reactions of the cyclometalated palladium-alkyl complexes Pd(CH(2)CMe(2)-o-C(6)H(4))L(2). Observation of a pentacoordinated intermediate in the insertion of SO(2).

Palladacycles of the type 2, have been synthesized by treatment of the corresponding chloroalkylcomplexes Pd(CH(2)CMe(2)C(6)H(5))ClL(2) (L(2) = (PMe(3))(2), 2a, or 1,5-cyclooctadiene (cod), 2b) with suitable bases, or by simple ligand exchange reactions from the cyclooctadiene derivative 2b. The metallacycles 2 react with activated alkynes and with sulfur dioxide, giving rise to different insertion products.

Journal Article↗