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Results for “Behavioral problems”

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PubMed1981

Dimensions of problem behavior in institutionalized retardates.

A factor analysis of teacher ratings of 55 items of deviant behavior in a sample of 252 institutionalized retardates resulted in the emergence of three interpretable factors. Two factors clearly represented the broad-band dimensions of conduct disorder and anxiety-withdrawal, while the third reflected psychotic behavior. Only conduct disorder was related to age, sex, race, or intellectual level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The provision of services for rural youth with serious emotional and behavioral problems: Virginia's Comprehensive Services Act.

The problems of the delivery of mental health and social services to rural children and adolescents encapsulate many of the problems in the larger health care system. Consequently, many of the principles underlying the President's Health Security Plan are applicable to the reformation of this more specialized service system. The experience of the Commonwealth of Virginia in implementing the Comprehensive Services Act (CSA) highlights the scope of vision needed to transform an existing service delivery system into a coordinated system of care on a state-wide scale.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Personality, perceived parental rejection and problem behavior in adolescence.

BACKGROUND: It has been well documented that adolescents run a heightened risk for developing depression and aggression when they feel rejected by their parents and that parental rejection has different effects for gender in developing depression and aggression. Whether personality in combination with gender plays a role in the association between parental rejection, depression and aggression has not yet received much attention. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Conflict and Management of Relationships study (CONAMORE). A total of 1142 early and middle adolescents completed questionnaires about parental rejection, depression, aggression and personality. The associations between the variables were tested in multi-group moderation models using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: Perceived parental rejection was associated with depression and aggression in most of the combined personality type and gender groups. Personality type and gender moderated the associations between perceived parental rejection, depression and aggression. Several clear differences between the combined personality type and gender groups were found on these associations. CONCLUSION: Several clear moderating effects of the personality type x gender groups were found on associations between perceived parental rejection, depression and aggression. Future research should focus on these specific combinations instead of using either personality types or gender separately.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2007

Activity-based identity experiences and their relations to problem behavior and psychological well-being in adolescence.

The current study explored the associations between activity-based identity experiences and youth outcomes. Participants were 107 high school students and one parent or guardian of each from three communities in a Northeastern state. Youth completed a measure of activity-based identity experiences (Personally Expressive Activities Questionnaire (PEAQ) [Waterman, A. S. (1990). Personal expressiveness: Philosophical and psychological foundations. Journal of Mind and Behavior, 11, 47-74]), as well as measures of psychological well-being, substance use, and delinquency. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist [Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry]. Together, three identity experiences derived from the PEAQ, personal expressiveness, goal-directed behavior, and flow, were significant predictors of adolescent-reported delinquency and well-being. Goal-directed behavior also uniquely predicted adolescent-reported delinquency and well-being. Suggestions for future research and potential implications for intervention are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Test of association between TaqIA A1 allele and alcohol use disorder phenotypes in a sample of adolescent patients with serious substance and behavioral problems.

UNLABELLED: Several studies have demonstrated a significant association between the A1 allele of the TaqIA polymorphism and various phenotypes of alcoholism, others have not, and two studies have shown the reversed association, where the A2 allele was associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption. We sought to test for an association between early onset (in childhood or adolescence) alcohol use disorders and the DRD2 TaqIA polymorphism and to resolve some of the hypothesized explanations for previous negative results, utilizing a larger sample than many previous studies. METHODS: We selected individuals with a lifetime alcohol abuse or dependence (n=239) diagnosis from a clinically ascertained sample of youth (ages 13-19) with serious conduct and substance problems (about 90% also met criteria for conduct disorder and a cannabis use disorder) and compared them with individuals without a lifetime alcohol use disorder diagnosis ascertained from (1) community adolescent controls (n=151), (2) siblings of patients (n=87) and (3) other adolescent patients (n=92). Cases were compared with each control group, separately, by genotype using the chi(2)-test. Using 78 adolescent patients with an alcohol use disorder where genotypic information was available for both parents, we conducted the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). RESULTS: Case-control results were non-significant using the entire community control sample (chi(2)(2)=1.92; p=0.38) and when restricting the sample to Caucasians (chi(2)(2)=3.81; p=0.15) or Hispanics (chi(2)(2)=1.70; p=0.43). Case-control results using the other comparison groups and TDT results were also non-significant. DISCUSSION: We did not find support for an association between the TaqIA polymorphism and early onset alcohol use disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Homeless adolescent parents: HIV risk, family structure and individual problem behaviors.

This study examined differences between homeless teenage fathers and mothers compared with nonparents. Overall, parents reported significantly more lifetime runaway episodes, more people growing up in their home, and reported higher lifetime HIV risk behaviors than did nonparents. Findings highlight the need for targeted prevention and intervention efforts for this subgroup of homeless youth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Transition to nursing home from assisted living is not associated with dementia or dementia-related problem behaviors.

OBJECTIVES: To examine risk factors for transition from assisted living (AL) care to skilled nursing facility (SNF) care in a random sample of adults residing in AL. DESIGN: Baseline clinical evaluation and telephone follow-up at 6-month intervals for up to 36 months. SETTING: AL facilities in central Maryland. PARTICIPANTS: There were 198 participants randomly sampled from AL facilities stratified by facility size. MEASUREMENTS: Consensus diagnoses by multidisciplinary geriatric psychiatry team as well as a broad range of neuropsychiatric and functional scales including Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, Mini-Mental State Exam, and Alzheimer's Disease Related Quality of Life Scale, as well as cognitive tests. Possible risk factors for transition to SNF were assessed in Cox proportional-hazards multivariate regression methods, using a P value less than .05 for statistical significance. RESULTS: Twenty-nine participants transitioned to SNF care. Mean AL survival time from baseline evaluation was 0.8 (SD 0.6) years for residents transitioned to SNF and 1.4 (SD 0.7) years for residents remaining in AL at follow-up. Risk factors for transition to SNF included declining health, chronic pain, appetite changes, and being widowed, while insomnia was protective against transition to SNF. Surprisingly, dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms did not increase risk of transition to SNF. CONCLUSION: Survival time in AL is determined by factors similar to those operating on community-dwelling elderly, but dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms do not alter survival time.

Activities of Daily Living↗