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At least 1,441 records · Page 80Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Characterization of the subgingival microbial flora around endosteal sapphire dental implants in partially edentulous patients.

The microbiota associated with oral endosteal sapphire ceramic implants was studied using cultural methods. Samples were taken from both implant and control (tooth) sites, and comparisons were made between healthy and diseased and between implant and control sites. Diseased sites harbored a microbiota with a large number and proportion of Gram-negative anaerobic rods, black-pigmented Bacteroides, and surface translocating bacteria. Healthy sites in the same patients had smaller amounts of bacteria dominated by facultative Gram-positive cocci and rods. The microbiota in diseased and healthy implant and control sites was very similar. It is suggested that peri-implant tissues behave very similarly to periodontal tissues and that peri-implantitis lesions should be considered as site-specific infections harboring a high number of periodontal pathogens, mainly Gram-negative anaerobic rods.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of titanium-tantalum and titanium-niobium alloys for application as dental implants.

For the diffusion bonding of Ti alloys to alumina, materials with a similar thermal expansion coefficient to alumina are required. Such materials were developed by alloying the biocompatible elements Ta and Nb to titanium (Ti-Ta30 and Ti-Ta40, Ti-Nb40 and Ti-Nb50). While measuring the corrosion behavior of these alloys in 0.9% saline solution, no difference could be observed. The Ti-Ta alloys are superior in their mechanical properties to Ti-Nb alloys.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1997

Sinus augmentation for dental implants: the use of autogenous bone.

Autogenous bone has been the material of choice at our institution since 1983. The criteria for a successful graft in the sinus have been fulfilled based on functional stability in patients followed-up over 10 years in selected cases. Of 173 implants placed into autogenous bone grafted sinuses, 20 have been lost in four patients. Long-term follow-up is recommended for all graft materials used to support posterior maxillary restorations.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed2004

Single tooth immediate provisional restoration of dental implants: technique and early results.

PURPOSE: Patients desire efficient restoration of missing teeth. Immediate provisionalization of implants at the time of placement can provide the patient with a tooth-like restoration. Our hypothesis is that preoperative fabrication of the implant abutment and provisional restoration can provide successful immediate provisionalization of implants, if specific diagnostic criteria are used for patient selection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This hypothesis is evaluated by prospectively following 74 implants thus treated for 6 months to 2 years. A technique is presented to illustrate a simple and reliable method to provisionally restore a single tooth restoration. The method involves preoperative placement of an implant analog into a model, preparation of the abutment on the model, and fabrication of a provisional crown out of occlusion. At the time of surgery, the implant is placed according to the prescription of the restorative dentist, the surgeon places the abutment and provisional crown, and the final restoration is fabricated after the implant integrates. RESULTS: Seventy of 74 (94.6%) restorations have been successful with up to 2-year follow-up, which is similar to single tooth implants treated using a 2-stage protocol. CONCLUSIONS: Single tooth immediate provisionalization implants are effective techniques when specific diagnostic criteria are used.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2002

Delayed onset of altered sensation following dental implant placement and mental block local anesthesia: a case report.

A case of a delayed-onset post-operative altered sensation of the mental nerve is reported with speculations as to etiology. There is a discussion concerning intraoperative radiographs and osteotomy positioning. When postoperative altered sensation occurs, etiologic considerations should always include local anesthetic administration technique. The importance of pulp testing from the first molar to the contralateral lateral incisor is key to determining whether the deficit is in the mandibular nerve or only the mental nerve, which may be a result of mental block local anesthetic administration and not implant placement. This differentiation may be important in treatment and/or legal exposure. The altered sensation was probably caused by the mental block anesthetic technique. The partial anesthetic area in this case was probably a result of crossover innervation from the contralateral mental nerve.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placement of dental implants without flap surgery: a clinical report.

Traditionally, the procedure of implant placement requires a surgical periosteal flap to be raised. In a percentage of implant cases, there is no need for flap surgery for implant placement, or for a follow-up surgical procedure for abutment connection. In this clinical investigation, 20 maxillary and mandibular implants were placed in seven adult male patients. The sites for implant placement were prepared according to an alternative surgical technique without raising a surgical flap. Patients were recalled periodically for 2 years to evaluate healing and clinical integration of implants. The results showed normal clinical healing at the first week of reexamination in all implant sites; periodontal probing of less than 2 mm circumferentially around all healing caps at 3 months and later at subsequent recall periods; no radiolucency observed in the peri-implant zone; no sign of clinical mobility during recall examination; and no persistent or irreversible sign or symptoms of pain, infection, or necrosis. This alternative surgical technique can provide several advantages over the traditional 2-step procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Anatomic site evaluation of the zygomatic bone for dental implant placement.

Thirty human zygomatic bone specimens (15 females mean age 81.60 +/- 11.38 years, 15 males, mean age 78.47 +/- 6.58 years) were examined by quantitative computed tomography and histomorphometry. The aim of the study was to assess the bone mineral density, the trabecular bone volume and the trabecular bone pattern factor. Moreover, the anterior-posterior and the medio-lateral dimensions and the estimated implant length within the zygomatic bone were determined. For quantitative computed tomography the specimens were scanned together with a bone mimicking anthropomorphic reference phantom. The bone mineral density was calculated for the specimens in the plane of the intended direction of the implant placement. Subsequently, with the sawing and grinding technique, the specimens were prepared in the same plane for histomorphometry. The trabecular bone mineral density was 369.95 +/- 188.80 mg/cm3 for the female and 398.94 +/- 99.11 mg/cm3 for the male specimens (P = 0.23). The male trabecular bone volume showed a value of 27.32 +/- 9.49%, while the female group reached a value of 19.99 +/- 7.60% (P = 0.23). The trabecular bone pattern factor was 1.2 x 10-2 +/- 1.28 mm-1 for the male and 1.02 +/- 0.96 mm-1 for the female specimens (P = 0.045). The study reveals that the zygomatic bone consists of trabecular bone with parameters that are unfavourable for implant placement. However, the success of implants placed in the zygomatic bone is secured by the employment of at least four cortical portions.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Clinical and microbiologic findings that may contribute to dental implant failure.

Clinical and DNA probe analysis were used to evaluate 36 failing implant sites in 13 patients. Failing implants showed evidence of increased mobility and a high incidence of peri-implant radiolucencies in radiographs. The probing depth was greater than 6 mm in 58% of the sites measured. Moderate levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides intermedius, and Bacteroides gingivalis were detected with DNA probe analysis.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1993

Dental implantation to free scapular bone flap used for mandibular reconstruction.

Three patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction with a free vascularized scapular osteocutaneous flap after tumor resection are presented. Dental reconstruction was performed on three patients by implanting an artificial dental root into the grafted bone. The procedures for dental implantation were done just as on a normal jaw, and did not require hospitalization of the patients. They were followed up for 3 to 5 years after dental reconstruction. They have been able to masticate and ingest in a virtually normal manner during these periods. They also showed good appearance of the reconstructed mandible and dentes. On the basis of these results, the indication and evaluation of this procedure are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Survival rate of dental implants: an individual practitioner's anecdotal review of 25 years of experience.

The use of implants has become an integral part of dental treatment. Examination of large data bases to identify the success rates of these modalities allows one to incorporate the implant that is most appropriate for the location and application. This paper examines in excess of 3000 implants of one practitioner placed over a span of 25 years. The number of implants is sufficient to subdivide by types and locations and retain sufficient numbers of implants to provide valid results. The examination utilizes the Kaplan-Meier at-risk analysis that takes into consideration not only numbers of implants but the time these implants have been in place. The maxilla was uniformly less successful as a location than the mandible. Subperiosteal implants were very successful in the mandible and the coated root forms were very successful in both arches. The subperiosteal implants and the endosseous implants are not utilized in the same situations. The subperiosteal implants are used in the severely resorbed areas, whereas the endosseous implants generally require substantially more bone. At 10 years, most of the techniques tended to approach approximately the same success rate. The general conclusion that can be made from this study is that there is no single implant that can be considered as the answer to all situations. There is also no implant that stands out as superior to all other types in all situations. Finally, there are no guaranteed successes and all implants must be viewed in that light. One must be prepared for all situations and utilize that implant or technique that is most successful for that particular case.

Databases, Factual↗