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At least 1,441 records · Page 80Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A new detachable snare for hemostasis in the removal of large polyps or other elevated lesions.

In cooperation with Olympus Optical Co. (Tokyo, Japan) the author developed a detachable snare that enables the endoscopic ligation of the base of an elevated lesion. This apparatus surrounds the base of a large polyp or other elevated lesions with a specially manufactured loop, which is then tightened. This detachable snare enables the removal of large polyps and other elevated lesions without bleeding. The loop is made of nylon because the removal of an elevated lesion required high-frequency current. At Sakura National Hospital between May 1989 and October 1990, the detachable snare was used in 11 patients, including 4 with elevated gastric lesions, 2 with elevated duodenal lesions, and 5 with elevated colonic lesions. All of these elevated lesions were pedunculated or semi-pedunculated and measured greater than or equal to 20 mm in maximal diameter. In all cases, the lesions were removed effectively, resulting in a temporary, residual shallow ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The pathogenesis of inflammatory polyps.

Eighty-six consecutive colonic resection specimens for inflammatory bowel disease were studied to determine the modes of inflammatory polyp formation. The two major groups of inflammatory polyps were polypoid mucosal tags due to undermining ulceration and mature inflammatory polyps composed of mucosa, muscularis mucosae, and a submucosal core. Mature inflammatory polyps were derived from polypoid mucosal tags after regeneration and the adjacent mucosa showed regenerative changes and submucosal scarring. The study confirms that ulceration which undermines the muscularis mucosae is the major precursor of inflammatory polyps.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1995

Endoscopic and histologic correlates of colorectal polyp bleeding.

Until now, the exact mechanism of bleeding from colorectal polyps has not been demonstrated. The present study aimed to identify macroscopic factors and the main source of polyp bleeding. One hundred fifty-seven cases of single colorectal polyp from a variety of clinical situations were investigated to determine whether surface area, shape, color, and location in the colon were correlated with a positive result in the fecal occult blood test. We also searched for the site of bleeding on the surface of polyps under a dissecting microscope and investigated the relationship between bleeding and microerosion and thin surface epithelium on the maximal vertical cross-section of the polyp. The presence of fecal occult blood was found to be correlated with the surface area of colonic polyps. We demonstrated that a red color tone of polyps was caused largely by microerosion and that the area of both microerosion and thin surface epithelium was significantly larger on polyps associated with a positive fecal occult blood test result. The extent of microerosion and thin surface epithelium was found to be correlated with the polyp surface area and villous component. These observations strongly suggest that the area of microerosion and thin surface epithelium tends to increase as the surface area expands, resulting in a higher rate of detection of polyps with malignant potential by the fecal occult blood test.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Hyperplasiogenic polyp in the duodenum.

Report on a 42-year-old patient with extensive heterotopia of gastric mucosa within the first portion of the duodenum which formed the matrix of a hyperplasiogenic polyp.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Performance characteristics and evaluation of an automated-developed and quantitative, immunochemical, fecal occult blood screening test.

OBJECTIVES: Guaiac fecal occult blood colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests (FOBT) are faulted for low sensitivity and nonspecificity for human hemoglobin (Hb). Automated-developed, immunochemical, human Hb FOBT (I-FOBT) is specific, eliminates diet restrictions, and Hb quantification allows selection of a threshold for colonoscopy. Aims were to determine 1) test reproducibility; 2) test stability; 3) intrapatient daily I-FOBT variation; 4) test sensitivity and specificity for neoplasia in 500 symptomatic/high-risk patients undergoing colonoscopy; and 5) to correlate fecal Hb measurements with findings. METHODS: The desktop instrument OC-Sensor (Eiken, Japan) automatically develops and quantitates 50 tests/h for Hb. Patients prepared three tests, which were quantified and then 1) repeatedly re-examined; 2) stored at 4 degrees C or 20 degrees C or 28 degrees C and repeatedly examined; and 3) fecal Hb levels were correlated with colonoscopic findings. RESULTS: Five I-FOBTs re-examined five times in 1 day had no significant measurement changes. Thirty tests stored for 21 or more days had a decay/day of 0.3%+/- 0.4 at 4 degrees C (NS), 2.2%+/- 1.7 at 20 degrees C (NS), and 3.7%+/- 1.8 at 28 degrees C (p < 0.05). There were intrapatient variations between the three daily I-FOBTs (NS). At the recommended 100 ng Hb/mL threshold, all six cases of CRCs and 20 out of 28 cases of advanced adenomas were detected; evaluated together their sensitivity and specificity were 76.5% and 95.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Desktop, automated-developed, quantitative I-FOBT is now available. Refrigerated OC-Sensor samples are stable for 21 days, easy to prepare and develop and, at the 100 ng Hb/mL threshold, have high sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values for significant neoplasia. Suitability for population CRC screening awaits further evaluation.

Adenoma↗