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PubMed1984

Sexual behavior of group-housed stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides): temporal, demographic and sociosexual relationships.

A detailed quantitative analysis of sexual behavior in a social group of captive stumptail macaques was conducted. The distribution of copulations both over days and among animals, and the relationships between copulation and various sociosexual patterns were investigated. Copulations occurred erratically over days and were preferentially directed to a small minority of females. Most patterns of sociosexual behavior were at their highest rates during actual copulatory episodes, others occurred independent of ejaculation. It is suggested that the relationships between variables such as social rank, age and parity and sociosexual patterns are quite flexible and probably vary with the species, testing conditions and demographic make-up of the group.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Update on AIDS and sexual behavior of college students: seven years later.

This survey of 54 single, sexually active college students indicated that there has been a significant increase in concern about AIDS compared to a survey on a similar sample in 1985. A majority of this sample have been involved in monogamous relationships during the past year and 35% have had the AIDS test on which no seropositive results were reported. Yet, despite an increase in AIDS in the nation's heterosexual population, the majority of students continue to engage in unprotected sexual relations. Nevertheless, the over-all pattern of results suggests that there has been a clear shift toward more conservative sexual practices compared to the casual lifestyles during the pre-AIDS era and the early 1980s.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Optimism, coping, psychological distress, and high-risk sexual behavior among men at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

In a cohort of gay men responding to the threat of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), dispositional optimism was associated with less distress, less avoidant coping, positive attitudes as a coping strategy, and fewer AIDS-related concerns. Men who knew they were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were significantly more optimistic about not developing AIDS than men who knew they were seronegative for HIV. This AIDS-specific optimism was related to higher perceived control over AIDS and to active coping among seropositive men only and to health behaviors in both serostatus groups. There was no relation of optimism to risk-related sexual behavior. It is concluded that optimism is psychologically adaptive without necessarily compromising health behavior. It is also concluded that it is useful to distinguish between event-based optimistic expectations and dispositional optimism.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1985

Changes in sexual behavior as a function of plasma sex steroid levels in post-menopausal women.

Eight women who had been maintained on a combined estrogen-androgen drug since hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy 2 yr previously were investigated for changes in sexual behavior during the course of 1 treatment cycle. Following intramuscular injection of both sex steroids, plasma estradiol levels were within the normal range of young, cycling women but plasma testosterone exceeded the upper limit of normal female values. Sexual motivational behaviors (desire, fantasies and arousal) covaried with plasma steroid levels. Rates of coitus and orgasm, however, were unrelated to the changing levels of circulating hormones. A differential effect of the sex steroids on various aspects of sexual functioning was thus confirmed.

Castration↗
PubMed1992

Premarital sexual behavior among Chinese college students in the United States.

Little is known about sexuality among Chinese in the U.S. There are reasons to believe that their sexual attitudes and behaviors would differ from those of Chinese in Asia as well as other groups in the U.S. This survey of ethnic Chinese college students in the U.S. examined the permissiveness of their attitudes toward premarital sex and their premarital sexual behavior with an eye toward their levels of acculturation. Over 60% approved of premarital sexual intercourse when the partners were in love or engaged. There was no significant gender difference in sexual permissiveness. Most of the men and women had engaged in kissing, necking, and petting, but most had not engaged in sexual intercourse. Gender differences were found in sexual experience: Chinese men were less experienced than Chinese women. Sexual permissiveness and experience were related to level of acculturation. Those who dated only Caucasians were more sexually experienced than those who dated only Chinese. Results are discussed in terms of differences in sexual attitudes and behaviors between Caucasian Americans and Chinese Americans and in terms of acculturation.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2005

Risky sexual behaviors associated with recreational drug use among men who have sex with men in an international resort area: challenges and opportunities.

South Florida is home to a highly transient population of approximately 145,000 men who have sex with men (MSM) and annually hosts over 1.8 million gay and bisexual visitors. To develop more effective interventions for HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevention in this setting, we conducted a cross-sectional study of recreational drug use and risky sexual behaviors among MSM. A standardized, self-administered questionnaire, reviewed and approved by a university Institutional Review Board, was offered to men 18 years of age and older who reported ever having sex with a man. Men were approached on weekends in five diverse locations in Miami-Dade County and five in Broward County in winter 2004. An honorarium of $10 was offered to those who completed and returned a questionnaire. Of 407 participants, 115 men (28%) lived in Miami-Dade, 147 (36%) lived in Broward, 46 (11%) lived in another county in south Florida, and 99 (24%) lived elsewhere. Overall, 32% reported using one or more "club drugs" in the past year. Club drug use was highly associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) (P < .001). MSM residing outside of south Florida were more likely than local residents to report using cocaine and ketamine and engaging in unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) in the past month (P = .03). Tourists may be even more likely than residents to engage in risky sexual behaviors and use certain recreational drugs. Interventions must be developed, implemented, and evaluated that take into account the unique characteristics of international resort areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Systemic ICI 182,780 alters the display of sexual behaviors in the female rat.

The present study investigates the effects of the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 (ICI) on the display of sexual behaviors in female rats. ICI 182,780 is a pure anti-estrogen and when given systemically, ICI is thought to act only in the periphery, and is not believed to cross the blood brain barrier. The present study examines the effects of ICI on sexual receptivity and on paced mating behavior following treatment with estradiol benzoate (EB) and progesterone (P) (Experiment 1) or with EB alone (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, ICI (250.0 microg) did not affect the display of receptivity or paced mating behavior induced by EB and P. In contrast, in Experiment 2 female rats receiving EB alone displayed a decrease in the level of sexual receptivity following treatment with 500.0 and 750.0 microg ICI (but not 250.0 microg ICI). In addition, in Experiment 2 EB-treated female rats receiving 250.0 microg ICI spent more time away from the male rat following an intromission and were more likely to exit from the male compartment following a mount. Last, ICI had potent antiestrogenic effects on vaginal cytology (Experiment 2) and on the uterus (Experiments 1 and 2). The present study supports a role for peripheral estrogen receptors in sexual receptivity and paced mating behavior and suggests that estrogen receptor activation may decrease the aversive sensation associated with sexual stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An optimized approach for the assessment of sexual behavior in male rats.

The improvement and optimization of methods used to detect reproductive disorders in experimental animals are among the main challenges facing researchers in this field. The conventional method for testing male sexual behavior uses ovariectomized females rendered sexually receptive by injection of estradiol benzoate and progesterone prior to testing. The receptive females are then mated with exposed male rats during the dark phase of the cycle under dim red light followed by direct visual and momentary observation of the mating activity. The ovariectomized females may respond differently to hormonal injection (individual differences), leading to variations in the intensity of lordosis. Additionally, the data obtained by the direct visual and momentary evaluation of copulatory activity are very subjective and may produce inaccurate results. In the optimized method, the sexual cycles of female rats are determined, and only those in estrus are selected and mated with sexually experienced male rats. The mating activity is videotaped, enabling the correct observation and evaluation of the different components of mating behavior. This method fosters animal welfare by avoiding surgical intervention and enables the videotape to be kept as permanent documentation.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Role of glutamate receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus in the regulation of female rat sexual behaviors I. Behavioral effects of glutamate and its selective receptor agonists AMPA, NMDA and kainate.

Bilateral infusions of glutamate or kainate to the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) have been shown previously to produce a rapid inhibition of lordosis in estrogen-primed female rats induced by manual flank stimulation. The present study examined whether glutamate or selective ionotrophic glutamate receptor agonists can disrupt appetitive and consummatory sexual behaviors following bilateral infusions to the VMH of females during copulation with male rats. Ovariectomized, sexually experienced female rats were implanted bilaterally with guide cannulae aimed at the ventrolateral VMH. After recovery from surgery, females were primed with estradiol benzoate and progesterone and infused with different doses of glutamate, AMPA, NMDA or kainate (n=9-10 in each dose group) 3 min prior to a test with sexually vigorous males in bilevel chambers. Glutamate infusions decreased the display of hops and darts and produced a trend toward decreased lordosis. AMPA infusions decreased the display of solicitations, hops and darts, and lordosis. NMDA infusions decreased lordosis and increased defensive behaviors and pacing. Kainate infusions decreased solicitations, hops and darts, and lordosis, and increased defensive behaviors and pacing. These data indicate that the activation of glutamate receptors in the VMH is inhibitory for both appetitive and consummatory aspects of sexual behavior in the female rat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age and gender differences in sexual behavior preferences: a follow-up report.

This study extends prior research on gender differences in sexual behavior preferences. The authors administered the 6-factors Inventory of Dyadic Heterosexual Preferences (IDHP)1 to 76 married or cohabiting couples (mean age = 35 years). Their preference patterns were compared to similar data obtained previously from younger (mean age = 21 years), single respondents. Gender differences that were replicated included women's stronger preferences for romantic foreplay and men's greater erotophilia and preferences for using erotica and combining alcohol and drug use with sex. Women's stronger conventionality was not replicated among older partners, both of whom were less conventional than their younger counterparts. Older men and women were also more inclined toward the use of erotica. Unlike younger men, older men were more negative toward the use of contraception. Implications for sexual safety, adjustment, communication, and therapy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of two different patterns of estradiol replacement on the sexual behavior of rhesus monkeys.

Seven pairs of rhesus monkeys consisting of adult males and adult, ovariectomized females were tested for sexual behavior. Behavioral tests were conducted under two patterns of estradiol treatment of the females. Under the "constant estrogen" condition, females were given SC injections of 10 micrograms estradiol benzoate on 28 consecutive days. Under the "cyclic estrogen" condition, females were given 28 days of estradiol treatment at varying doses based upon the artificial menstrual cycle devised by Michael, Zumpe and Bonsall (6). Rates of male mounting, hip-touch (incomplete mounts), and male threaten-away behavior (redirected aggression) increased during estradiol administration. Mounting peaked at the time of the highest estrogen dosage in the cyclic treatment condition, but was highest during the first portion of the period of constant treatment. Hip-touch and threaten-away behaviors were more frequent in the constant condition than during cyclic treatment. The high levels of these behaviors during the constant treatment suggest a lack of coordination between male and female motivation which is overcome by providing estradiol stimulation in a pattern which mimics the menstrual cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Consistency of self-reported sexual behavior and condom use among current sex partners.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine concordance in sex partner reports of frequency of vaginal and oral intercourse and condom use. STUDY DESIGN: Self-reported behaviors among 112 women treated for urinary tract infection (UTI), sore throats, or receiving birth control at a student health service were compared with that of their current sex partner. RESULTS: Correlation was excellent for frequencies of vaginal intercourse (r = 0.88), cunnilingus (r = 0.72), fellatio (r = 0.76), and condom use (r = 0.86), but women with UTI compared with women without UTI reported greater frequency of sexual activity than their sex partner. This effect overwhelmed the modest increases in correlation associated with duration of relationship and marital status. CONCLUSIONS: Women with genitourinary symptoms may over-recall frequency of sexual behavior compared to women without these symptoms. Knowing the extent of this recall bias will assist in the interpretation of data and appropriate correction of parameters when included in prediction models.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Differences in sexual behavior among HIV discordant and concordant gay men in primary relationships.

We investigated differences in unprotected anal intercourse among gay men in HIV concordant and discordant primary relationships. Individuals were recruited in 1992 from household- and bar-based samples of gay/bisexual men in Portland, Oregon, and Tucson, Arizona. Respondents were men who reported that they were in primary relationships of > or = 1 month and who reported their own and their partner's HIV status (n = 785). Comparisons were made between three groups: (a) HIV + respondents/HIV + partners; (b) HIV- respondents/HIV- partners; and (c) respondents whose partner's HIV status was different from their own (discordant), on sexual behavior, psychosocial, and demographic variables. Men in HIV concordant relationships reported significantly higher rates of unprotected anal intercourse (54% for +2 and 48% for --) than discordant couples (17%). HIV- men in concordant relationships were more likely to be monogamous (58%) and younger (22% < or = 25 years) than the other two groups. There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the kind of sexual behaviors they engaged in with nonprimary partners. The substantially lower rate of unprotected anal intercourse among men in discordant relationships compared to men in concordant relationships suggests that individuals and couples make judgments about sex and behavior based on knowledge of one's own and one's partner's HIV status.

Adult↗