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PubMed1982

Placentitis.

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Amnion↗
PubMed1983

The use of TORCH titers.

Of 603 patients undergoing serologic tests for Toxoplasma, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex (TORCH tests) during a 4-year period, 381 (63%) were infants younger than 6 months and 110 (18%) were either the mothers of those infants or pregnant women. The remaining 112 (19%) were older infants and children, male adults, or nonpregnant female adults. Of 381 infants less than 6 months of age who were tested, 323 (85%) had only a single TORCH test. Of 35 (9%) infants who had follow-up titers, 16 (46%) had a specific titer requested whereas in 19 (54%) the entire TORCH battery was repeated. Follow-up titers were infrequently (25%) requested when initial titers were elevated. Infection with a TORCH agent was not confirmed serologically in any of the 603 patients. The pattern of TORCH test use has a poor diagnostic return.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Preliminary in vitro study of the transplacental passage of spiramycin].

Spiramycin, a true macrolide antibiotic, is the only agent which can be used for the preventive treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis. It gives very high levels in the human placenta, but its transplacental transfer is likely to be very poor, so that it may not cure an already infected foetus. We studied the human placental transfer of spiramycin by an in vitro perfusion model of placentas obtained at term of uncomplicated pregnancies. The transfer rate of spiramycin was found to be close to 9% of the maternal circulating concentrations and 23% of the antipyrine transfer rate, which is only flow-limited. Possible therapeutic implications of these results are discussed.

Antipyrine↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence in the detection of IgG and IgM antitoxoplasma antibodies.

We have compared ELISA and IFA for the quantitation of IgG and IgM antitoxoplasma antibodies on whole sera and purified IgM fractions. In all the sera examined from adult patients the good correspondence of the two tests is expressed by a correlation coefficient of 0.77 (p = 0.001). However, we have observed that both IgM-ELISA and IgM-IFA performed on whole serum may lead either to false positive results due to presence of rheumatoid factors or to false negative results due to the competition with high level of IgG antibodies. The use of the simplified gel filtration method for separation of IgM fraction allowed the detection of IgM in 40 out of 75 adults patients by IgM IFA and in 39 by the same tests resulted negative if performed on whole serum. The separation of IgM fractions seems a necessary step for detecting IgM antibodies by IgM IFA in 12 of 14 newborns sera with clinical and serological evidence of congenital toxoplasmosis. The conventional IgM ELISA was constantly negative when performed on both whole sera or pure IgM IFA positive fractions of the same newborns.

Animals↗