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PubMed1961

A sensitive method for the colorimetric determination of urea.

A method is described for the direct colorimetric determination of urea in biological fluids. The method depends on the reaction (first described by Wheatley, 1948) between urea, diacetylmonoxime, and phenylanthranilic acid in the presence of controlled amounts of oxidant; chloride ions are included to sensitize the reaction; manganous ions stabilize the resultant colour; and phosphate enables reasonable reproducibility to be achieved. The method is rapid and suitable for routine analytical purposes. Precision and accuracy are good; sensitivity is high for an activated acid reagent up to about one week old, and thereafter decreases.A hypothetical mechanism for colour formation is presented.

Colorimetry↗
PubMed1963

A RAPID COLORIMETRIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF URINARY CHLORIDES.

A rapid and reproducible method for chloride estimation in urine is described. The colour produced is stable and obeys Beer's law over a wide range of concentrations using a simple colorimeter and filter. The method gives good agreement with both the potentiometric titration method of Sanderson (1952) and the mercurimetric titration method of Schales and Schales (1941). The precision of the colorimetric method, though inferior to that of the potentiometric method, is similar to that of the mercurimetric method.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1964

ESTIMATION OF ALPHA-AMINO NITROGEN IN PLASMA AND URINE BY THE COLORIMETRIC NINHYDRIN REACTION.

Methods are described for the estimation of plasma and urine alpha-amino nitrogen by the colorimetric ninhydrin reaction; in the method for urine, both ammonia and urea are separated by a rapid ion-exchange resin procedure. Two methods of estimation are given; one has the advantage of great simplicity, but involves the use of cyanide; in the other, cyanide is eliminated. Normal values are reported; they correspond well with those obtained by the gasometric ninhydrin method.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1964

AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE SIMPLE AND ACCURATE COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF UREA WITH EHRLICH'S REAGENT.

An improved method for the colorimetric determination of urea is described. The method is simple, requiring a deproteinized filtrate obtained after treatment of a small quantity of whole oxalated blood, serum, plasma or urine with 12.5% trichloracetic acid containing 50 g. activated carbon. The addition of Ehrlich's reagent to this filtrate results in the immediate production of a stable yellow colour. The determination is accurate, very sensitive and rapid, taking place in only 10 minutes.

Benzaldehydes↗
PubMed1964

CHANGES IN SERUM ALPHA-2 GLOBULINS IN RETICULOSES.

The total concentrations of alpha(2) globulin and two of its components, haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin, have been determined in the sera from 78 patients with primary malignant diseases of lympho-reticular tissue (reticuloses). The total alpha(2) globulin fraction was significantly raised only in Hodgkin's disease. The serum haptoglobin was also significantly increased in Hodgkin's disease and some other reticuloses, including acute leukaemia, lymphosarcoma, and reticulum cell sarcoma. The serum level of caeruloplasmin was raised in all reticuloses. There was possibly some correlation between the rise in haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin concentrations and the total alpha(2) globulin in Hodgkin's disease but this was not statistically significant. The significance of these results is discussed, and it is concluded that the increase in alpha(2) globulin which occurs in Hodgkin's disease is due to an increase in several of its components and not to a single component.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1965

METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF SERUM IRON.

A simple method is described for the automated determination of serum iron and tota iron-binding capacity, which eliminates the need to render apparatus or reagents iron-free. The method is faster than normal procedures and its accuracy is comparable with other accepted methods for the determination of serum iron.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1965

STUDIES ON THE SERUM IRON-BINDING CAPACITY.

The total iron-binding capacity of serum has been estimated using a colorimetric method, a radioisotopic technique, and a method employing immunodiffusion. The modified isotopic technique described was considered to be the method of choice. The total iron-binding capacity starts to increase at an early stage of an iron-deficiency anaemia. It is decreased in infectious and malignant disease. Close correlation exists between the level of saturation of the total iron-binding capacity and the haemoglobin level in patients with uncomplicated iron-deficiency anaemia. In patients with disease of the liver a difference was sometimes found between the total iron-binding capacity determined by the immunodiffusion method and by the two other techniques, the values with the immunodiffusion method being distinctly lower. This suggests the presence in the serum of iron which is not bound to transferrin. It is possible that ferritin was present in the serum in these cases.

Anemia↗
PubMed1965

DETERMINATION OF THE SERUM IRON-BINDING CAPACITY.

A colorimetric and an isotopic method for determining the iron-binding capacity are described, using only 1 ml. samples of plasma or serum. Both methods are simple, rapid and sensitive. Satisfactory results are obtained from frozen as well as from fresh samples.

Blood Proteins↗