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PubMed1991

A comparative test of fifteen compounds against all known human rhinovirus serotypes as a basis for a more rational screening program.

A systematic evaluation of 15 rhinovirus capsid-binding agents against all 100 serotyped human rhinoviruses revealed the existence of two virus groups, based upon differential susceptibility to antiviral compounds. Elongated and short-chained compounds preferentially inhibited groups A and B. The positions of the rhinoviruses within a map derived from a multivariate analysis allow for the selection of a panel of 17 rhinoviruses, for which the median antiviral inhibitory value against them will accurately predict the median value against 100 serotypes. This rationalizes the search for broad-spectrum capsid-binding antirhinovirus drugs, or combinations of drugs with complementary spectra that may be necessary to effectively inhibit both type A and type B viruses.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1977

Single- and two-step extraction and thin-layer detection procedures for benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite) alone or in combination with a wide variety of commonly abused drugs in urine screening programs.

Three extraction procedures for the detection of benzoylecgonine (a major metabolite of cocaine) in urine are presented. Each technique has its advantages, depending on the needs of a clinical operation. Procedures I and II involve the use of ion-exchange resin-loaded paper. Procedure I has a sensitivity of 1 microng/ml and requires 20 ml of urine, and is recommended when the aim is to test for the abuse of cocaine only. Procedure II is a two-step extraction method in which a wide variety of abused drugs are extracted by the first step and the benzoylecgonine left in the aqueous buffer phase is extracted in the second step. The sensitivity for benzoylecgonine using this procedure is 2 microng/ml and it requires 20-50 ml of urine. Procedure III involves the direct extraction of benzoylecgonine using 5 ml of urine and has a sensitivity of 0.5 microng/ml.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1978

Qualitative detection of placidyl (ethchlorvynol) alone or in combination with poly-drugs in drug abuse urine screening programs using ion-exchange paper and/or liquid-liquid extraction.

Two procedures for the detection of ethchlorvynol are presented. Procedure I involves the use of SA-2-cation-exchange resin loaded paper. The use of multiple ion-exchange resin papers is proposed in a sequence that enables the detection of amphetamines, barbiturates, phenothiazines, propoxyphene (Darvon), phencyclidine, cocaine (benzoyl ecgonine), pentazocine (Talwin) and benzodiazepines in addition to ethchlorvynol. This procedure discusses the details of detecting ethchlorvynol in combination with the entire array of drugs of abuse depending on the needs of a clinical program. Procedure II involves the principle of liquid-liquid extraction using either raw or spent urines.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗