PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Pyelonephritis”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,477 records · Page 82Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Mechanisms of biocidal action of neutrophils in patients with alcoholism and kidney damage of the chronic pyelonephritis type].

AIM: To study mechanisms of biocenosis action of neutrophils in alcoholics with chronic pyelonephritis (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Functional potential of oxidase neutrophil system was studied in 37 males with chronic alcoholism stage II. 17 of them had CP. They were compared to 18 CP non-alcohol abusers (controls). RESULTS: CP alcoholics had lower potential of oxidase neutrophil system than controls and healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Dysfunction of axygen-dependent mechanisms of biocidic action of neutrophils in chronic alcoholics weakens the ability of the organism to eliminate infection and can entail defects in immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Bacteriology and serology of pyelonephritis in children (author's transl)].

A short review is made on the bacterial pathogenicity factors related with urinary-tract invasion and renal damage in pyelonephritis. Microbiological findings obtained after a revision of 14,181 quantitative cultures carried our in the last nine years on children under 7 years old are discussed. "E. coli" is implicated in almost a half of positive cultures; "K pneumoniae" seems to be specially related with urinary infections of premature and newborn infants (20-30% of the bacterial positivities in both groups). "Proteus" and "Pseudomonas" have more etiological weight in older children. True hospital epidemics of urinary infections have been non observed. As serological test, the o-agglutination of homologous strain (technique of Karmierczac et al.) was used in order to determine the site of infection. A rather close correlation between positivity of serologic test and renal involvement is showed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

Acute renal failure caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae pyelonephritis.

We report a 34-year-old male patient without prior medical history who presented with acute renal failure due to acute bacterial pyelonephritis. Both blood and urine cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae. Although a kidney biopsy revealed extensive necrosis and no viable glomeruli, renal function recovered to near normal after intermittent hemodialysis and antibiotic therapy. We believe that it is important to include this entity in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure since proper diagnosis and treatment is essential for recovery of renal function. Furthermore, we would like to draw attention to Klebsiella pneumoniae as an important potential pathogen in such cases, in addition to Escherichia coli.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2001

[Emphysematous pyelonephritis: report of 3 cases].

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare form of renal suppuration defined by the presence of pus and gas or bacterial origin within the renal parenchyma. It is associated with a high mortality in the absence of rapid and effective treatment. Emergency nephrectomy constitutes the reference treatment. Percutaneous drainage associated with medical treatment is an alternative in patients with localized or bilateral lesions or in the case of solitary kidney. The authors report 3 cases of EPN treated by percutaneous drainage combined with medical treatment for a localized lesion in two cases and nephrectomy in one case of disseminated multilocular lesion with an uneventful course in all three cases.

Emphysema↗
PubMed2000

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnosis and treatment of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). METHOD: The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and therapy of 28 cases of XGP were discussed. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of XGP included: calculi or obstruction in urinary tract, and damage to kidney; complication of urinary tract infection; anemia, increased ESR and dysfunction of liver. 13 patients with XGP were diagnosed before operation. Nephrectomy was performed in 20 patients. Kidneys were preserved in 8 patients. All patients recovered after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical characteristics and image of XGP are good to preoperative diagnosis. They are useful to differentiate XGP from renal carcinoma and other renal infectious disease. Surgery and antimicrobial are important to XGP. Nephrectomy might be done in patients of stage III kidney may be preserved in patients of stage I and stage II.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis].

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare disease probably caused by long-standing obstruction and secondary infection. We report a case in a 47-year-old woman with no previous history of renal stones. Preoperative diagnostic workout included ultrasonography, CT scan, and drainage. Nephrectomy was performed, and the patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful. The difficulties of correct preoperative diagnosis are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal tuberculosis mimicking xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

The incidence of tuberculosis has been increasing in recent years, and its treatment has also become challenging. The diagnosis of renal tuberculosis is often difficult and delayed. Early and correct diagnosis of tuberculosis with different organ system involvement is very important and can be easier with ultrasonography, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Although renal tuberculosis is the result of hematogenous spread more commonly from the lungs, less than 5%, of patients with urinary tract tuberculosis have active pulmonary disease. Renal tuberculosis may show variable radiological findings depending on the stage of the infection. Although an end-stage "autonephrectomized" kidey in tuberculosis is classically defined to be small in size, enlargement may on rare occasions be observed, which is the case in our patient. This form greatly mimics diffuse xanthogronulomatous pyelonephritis. Both diseases show thickening of the perirenal fasciae and spread of inflammation into the adjacent organs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may show some specific features to differentiate these two entities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Acute pyelonephritis--clinical picture and the main diagnostic and therapeutic problems in children].

The aim of the study was to determine the main clinical and organising difficulties affecting quality and efficacy of medical care in children with acute pyelonephritis (AP). 41 children aged 3 wk--17 yr 4 mo hospitalized for AP at the Department of Nephrology, District Children's Hospital, Szczecin, Poland in 2000 were investigated. Epidemiologic and demographic data, history, clinical presentation, auxiliary investigations, treatment and ambulatory follow-up were analysed. Instead of typical clinical picture neither diagnostic management nor the therapy fulfilled accepted standards. The main problems found were: delay of referral to hospital by primary care doctor, misdiagnosis or inaccurate primary diagnosis followed by insufficient treatment, difficulties with performing simple ambulatory tests (urinalysis, urine culture, ultrasonography) before hospitalisation and lack of co-operation between parents and nephrological outpatient clinic after discharge. For reflux and obstructive nephropathy, often presenting as urinary tract infection, are still the main cause of chronic renal failure in children in Poland the special attention was paid to necessity of thorough education of family doctors in the subject of management of such cases as well as improvement of accessibility to specialistic care.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Proceedings: Hematopoiesis in chronic pyelonephritis. Quantitative-morphological study].

Bone marrow biopsies from the iliac crest in 56 patients with chronic pyelonephritis were evaluated quantitively and correlated with renal function and peripheral blood values (n = 100). In proportion to increasing serum creatinine, mild marrow hypoplasia develops which mainly, and to a statistically significant extent, affects the percentage and amount of erythropoietic cells and megakaryocytes. The simultaneous reduction of erythrocytes and reticulocytes in peripheral blood is more pronounced and only slightly correlated to the marrow cells. There is no correlation between the number of peripheral granulocytes or the decrease in lymphocytes concomitant with uremia, and their respective precursors in the marrow.

Bone Marrow Examination↗
PubMed1975

[Pyelonephritis].

Chronic pyelonephritis is, by definition, a chronic interestial nephritis due to immediate or late effects of bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma. The main diagnostic criterion is recurrent or permanent bacteriuria. As a rule, bacteriuria follows as a secondary symptom a primary renal disturbance such as malformations of the urinary tract, stones, gout, analgesic abuse, diabetes mellitus or pregnancy. It is most important to eradicate predisposing factors, if possible, for successful antimicrobial therapy. In some cases, permanent intensive chemotherapy might be more harmful to the patient than untreated chronic bacteriuria, in itself.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1975

[Isolation of Mycoplasma from the urine of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

Bacteriological analysis of urine of 150 patients with chronic pyelonephritis was performed. As a result mycoplasma was isolated from urine of 25 patients. Mycoplasma and Coli bacteria or Proteus were isolated simultaneously from urine of 10 patients. Biochemical properties and sensitivity to antibiotics of 9 isolates were studied. The data provided recommendation of the urine analysis for the presence of mycoplasma.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary renal lymphoma and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood.

Primary renal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare in childhood. A six-year-old boy presented with bilateral non-obstructive multinodular nephromegaly and renal failure. Percutaneous needle biopsy showed large-cell lymphoma. The patient was started on chemotherapy. A right nephrectomy was done when systemic hypertension developed in the presence of a non-functional right kidney. Histopathologic examination revealed focal lymphomatous infiltration and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis which is an atypical form of chronic renal infection. The case is discussed in relation to previons reports.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2002

[A case of focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis difficult to differentiate from renal cell carcinoma].

A 34-year-old female with left flank pain persisting for 3 months consulted us on 19 Feb, 2001. Ultrasonography (US), computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and renal angiography revealed a cystic renal tumor in the upper pole of the left kidney invading the spleen, and paraaortic lymph node swelling. Left radical nephrectomy combined with splenectomy and partial diaphragmectomy was performed under a tentative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. However, histopathological findings revealed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). XGP is a rare, severe, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of lipid laden macrophages. XGP is classified as diffuse or focal type. Preoperative diagnosis of focal XGP is difficult because of radiological similarities to renal cell carcinoma. Our case was more difficult to diagnose because she showed few signs of inflammation and had no history of urinary tract infection or stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of renal excretion of chloramphenicol in patients with chronic pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis and polycystic kidneys.

In patients with chronic pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis and polycystic kidneys, decrease in renal clearance of chloramphenicol (CCHL) is related to a decrease in the clearance of inulin (Cin). The rate of decrease of CCHL is relatively slower than that of Cin. The findings attest to an increased excretion of chloramphenicol by residual nephrons. The groups investigated did not display any significant differences in the relation between CCHL and Cin. The findings indicate that changes in the excretion of chloramphenicol by residual nephrons are not related to the primary pathological process responsible for the impairment of the renal parenchyma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Imaging diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: report of 6 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the imaging diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP), especially the value of angiography. METHODS: Combined with literature review, a retrospective analysis was conducted of the imaging data of 6 pathologically confirmed XGP cases as an attempt to define the preoperative diagnosis of the disease. RESULTS: Four cases of XGP were diagnosed preoperatively, and 2 were misdiagnosed as renal abscess. Renal arteriography revealed more characteristic changes, and the diagnosis of XGP relied on the clinical presentations and multiple imaging examinations. CONCLUSION: Renal arteriography is the principal approach in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of XGP.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Clinical immunological study on prevention and treatment of chronic pyelonephritis with yishenkang granule].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) and immune function, and the therapeutic mechanism of Yishenkang granule (YSKG). METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients of CPN were divided into 3 groups randomly, the YSKG group (treated with YSKG), the control A group (treated with Sanjin tablet) and the control B group (treated with western medicine). Serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig), complement 3 (C3), interleukin-2 (IL-2), peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets, and urinary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were determined before and after treatment with monoclonal antibody assay, agar diffusion method, radioimmunoassay (RIA), and radioimmuno-equilibrium method, and compared with normal control. RESULTS: There were disorders of T-lymphocyte subsets in CPN, lowering of serum Ig, C3 and urinary sIgA, and increase of blood IL-2 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). These abnormalities could be normalized after YSKG treatment. CONCLUSION: Functional disorders of cellular and humoral immunity exist in CPN patients of chronic stage, YSKG could correct the immune functional disorder, control the recurrence of CPN effectively and alleviate the immunopathological damage.

Adult↗